Advanced breast cancer used to be considered a death sentence, but now there is hope for these patients! Join us this Sunday (25th July) at 3.30PM where we will be speaking with Dr Kiley Loh (Consultant Medical & Breast Oncologist, Penang Adventist Hospital), Dr Jennifer Leong (Consultant Clinical Oncologist, Sunway Medical Centre) as well as an advanced breast cancer patient about Hope for Advanced Breast Cancer Patients and surviving the disease. Let's give hope to advanced breast cancer patients, and help them survive it. Do share this with someone you know who can benefit from this knowledge. C u then!
#AdvancedBreastCancerAwareness #HopeForPatients #FBLiveShow
clinical death 在 作者 Facebook 的最佳解答
經過五小時開會,巴西Anvisa的委員會批出了科興疫苗和阿斯利康疫苗的緊急使用權。主導Butantan第三期實驗和疫苗生產的聖保羅州長鬆一口氣,立即在綠色佈景板前喚來一位黑人女護士打下科興疫苗「第一針」。Anvisa公開Butantan呈交的最終數據,顯示科興疫苗的有效率為50.39% (IC95:35.26-61.98)。
由於Butantan跟科興簽定保密協議,疫苗數據和研發內情到現在才正式公諸於世,其中提到疫苗所用到的滅活病毒,是從四名來自中國不同地區的患者的血液中分離出來,以作遴選毒株之用,時間最早可追溯至2020年1月尾。重溫一年前的經過:
2019年12月,武漢市長周先旺向北京通報疫情,未獲授權告知社會;
12月31日,中共首度通報武漢爆發疫情,當時稱未發現明顯人傳人現象,未發現醫護感染;
2020年1月1日,武漢政府清洗華南海鮮市場;
1月3日,衛健委下令存有病毒樣本的實驗室銷毀樣本或送到指定機構,華春瑩事後指當日美國獲中方通報武漢疫情;
1月7日,習近平召開會議對防控工作提出要求;
1月11日,病毒基因序列破解一星期後通報世衛,為期8日的湖北兩會正式召開;
1月14日,世衛質疑疫情可能有限度人傳人;
1月18日,周先旺聽信「有限度人傳人」的講法,批准舉辦萬家宴,4萬個家庭參與,造成大爆發;
1月20日,中共透過鍾南山在央視受訪承認醫護感染,確認人傳人發生,政治局常委當晚緊急開會;
1月21日,中共科技部啟動應急科技攻關項目,鍾南山為組長,推動血漿採集,要求五條路線研發疫苗;
1月23日,武漢宣佈封城,超過500萬人聞訊後逃往各省以至全世界,部分人飛往歐洲登上郵輪;
1月28日,譚德塞抵達北京,習近平接見時說是他親自指揮親自部署抗疫,譚德塞稱讚北京透明,武漢疫情可防可控;
1月30日,世衛宣佈武漢肺炎為全球緊急衛生事件。
由1月21日開組到3月16日批准了第一支武肺重組蛋白疫苗進入第一期臨床實驗,不需要兩個月時間。同一日,莫德納mRNA疫苗宣佈直接展開人體試驗。而國藥和科興研發的滅活疫苗,到4月14日才進入第一第二期試驗,現在卻「遲來先上岸」了。而科興拜託巴西聖保羅政府開始第三期試驗的日期,是7月21日。
不要以為委員會5:0表決批准緊急使用權,就等同Anvisa認可了所呈交的數據。Anvisa的評估報告講明:「整項臨床研究沒有提供免疫源性評估結果,所呈交的唯一結果不足以滿足免疫源性評估。」
Anvisa對不完全數據的其餘評價還包括:
Predicted neutralizing antibody assessments:
Not presented the results forseen in the approved clinical study
Predicted binding antibody assessments:
The data presented was referring to a collection. The individual results were presented in a table, without defining which group they were referring into (Placebo or Control)
Evaluation of predicted seroconversion and cellular immunity:
No provided for in the approved clinical study protocol
安全性
Occurrence of requested adverse reactions (local and systemic) within 7 days after
administration of the second dose:
50.8% in the adult group and 36.4% in the group
of the elderly;
Occurrence of unsolicited adverse reactions (local and systemic) up to 7 days
after administration of the second dose:
9.2% in the adult group and 8.1% in the
elderly group.
不良反應方面,報告顯示沒有嚴重不良反應,只有40.1%成人接種位置出現疼痛。而Anvisa不厭其煩地指出了滅活疫苗的另一個關鍵風險,就是抗體依賴增強(ADE)效應,意思是滅活疫苗所誘發的抗體可能會增強病毒的感染能力,令患者的病情加重。中國疾控中心主任高福去年被問到這個問題時對此不置可否,強調「目前新冠疫苗ADE沒有定論」。即是說,需要更多的公測數據才可以確認會否重演登革熱疫苗的滑鐵爐事故。
此外,Anvisa認為科興疫苗的保護期效、注射間隔和劑量多少都是不確定的,老人組的數據也得很少。Anvisa仍然要求Butantan追加數據和澄清,包括5704名受試醫護的有效率和接觸史數據。而整個第三期臨床實驗,亞裔受試者只佔2.5%,其他疫苗都有同樣的通病。
Anvisa在結語不忘戴定頭盔,大意是你們逼我審得這麼倉卒的:「此外,重要的是要注意科興生產的Coronavac仍處於分析中(持續提交),但是有關巴西進行的第三階段研究的文件(有效性和安全性)是在請求臨時授權以供緊急使用之下提交的。」Anvisa再三強調,他們想要的免疫源性數據仍未收到。
還記得之前阿斯利康在巴西的第三期臨床實驗曾經一度中止,全因安慰組死了人嗎?原來科興疫苗的巴西臨床實驗也死過人,還有小產,只是現在才可以透過Anvisa公開:
「73 serious adverse events were reported in 67 study participants. In three of these events the participants evolved to death, but none was related to the product under investigation. Of the 5 reported abortions, only one was assessed as having a causal relationship possible with the product under investigation / placebo. It is noteworthy that the causal relationship of this case is still under discussion between sponsor and clinical center in which the event was reported.」
調查發現事故與產品無關,其中一宗仍在討論,早前都受到保密協議保護。
即管看看香港官方反應,大抵是巴西批准了,他們也鬆一口氣,非常科學。
作者
clinical death 在 台灣囝仔x戲劇治療 Facebook 的最佳貼文
歐文·亞隆 (Irvin D. Yalom) 要開線上講座了!!!!!!!!!!!!!(已手刀報名)
活動詳細資訊如下:
05.31.2020- What's New About Group (Students & ECP- CE)
Sunday, May 31 (8:00-10:00PM Eastern)
What's New about Group Psychotherapy and What's the Same: Relationships and Life
Presenters:
Molyn Leszcz, MD, FRCPC, CGP, DFAGPA
Irvin Yalom, MD, CGP-R, DLFAGPA
**THIS SPECIAL DISCOUNTED PRICE IS FOR STUDENTS AND EARLY CAREER PROFESSIONALS ONLY**
2 CE Credits
Join Irv Yalom and Molyn Leszcz as they address new developments in group psychotherapy, explored through writing the 6th edition of the seminal textbook The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy. A particular focus will explore how these developments can be used to enhance effectiveness as a group therapist. There will also be deeper discussion of relationships and life, informed by Irv Yalom's new book co-authored with his late wife, Marilyn Yalom, A Matter of Death and Life. Questions from attendees will be invited in advance for Irv and Molyn to address, providing an opportunity for audience involvement in shaping the content and conversation.
Learning Objectives
The participant will be able to:
Identify the central role of group cohesion and related group therapy factors.
Refine the ability to activate the group in the here-and-now.
Incorporate new research findings into clinical practice.
Integrate existential factors about relationships, life, and death.
Course References
Burlingame, G. & Strauss, B. (in press). Efficacy of small group treatments. In M. Barkham, L. Castonguay & W. Lutz (Eds.), Bergin & Garfield's handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change, 7th Ed. New York: Wiley & Sons.
Leszcz, M. (2018). The Evidence-Based Group Psychotherapist. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, (38) 285-298.
Norcross, J. C., & Lambert, M. (2011). Psychotherapy relationships that work III. Psychotherapy (Chic), 55(4), 303-315.
Tao, K. W., Owen, J., Pace, B. T., & Imel, Z. E. (2015). A meta-analysis of multicultural competencies and psychotherapy process and outcome. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62, 337-350.
Yalom, I., & Yalom, M. (2020). A Matter of Death and Life. New York, NY: Perseus Books.
歐文·亞隆 Irvin D. Yalom
1931年6月13日生於美國華盛頓特區,是美國當代精神醫學大師級人物,也是造詣高深的心理治療思想家。他將以人際關係為基礎的心理治療理論發揚光大,成為美國團體治療的當代權威,並將存在主義哲學融入心理治療之中,開創了風格獨特、也啟發無數人的治療思想。