#小孩感染武肺
#情況會係點?
#群體免疫可以靠年輕人?
圖一. 是剛剛在一份國際兒科期刊發佈的數據而來。數據來自中國18歲以下的小孩,包括了731個確診及1,412個疑似的個案。
與之前的說法近似,約有9成的小孩個案,病情屬於無病徵、輕微或中度。
但甚麼是中度的病情?
#有肺炎 #CT出現肺部病變
(原文:with pneumonia, frequent fever and cough, mostly dry cough, followed by productive cough , some may have wheezing, but no obvious hypoxemia such as shortness of breath, and lungs can hear sputum or dry snoring and / or wet snoring. Some cases may have no clinical signs and symptoms, but chest CT shows lung lesions, which are subclinical.)
咁剩下差不多10%的孩子個案的病情又嚴重成點?
嚴重(大約5%的個案):
#出現呼吸困難 #氧飽和度低於92% #伴有其他缺氧情況
(原文:Early respiratory symptoms such as fever and cough, may be accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. The disease usually progresses around 1 week, and dyspnea occurs, with central cyanosis. Oxygen saturation is less than 92%, with other hypoxia manifestations.)
危殆(大約1%的個案):
#呼吸衰竭 #休克 #腦病變 #心肌損傷 #腎損傷 #有生命危險
(原文: Children can quickly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or respiratory failure, and may also have shock, encephalopathy, myocardial injury or heart failure, coagulation dysfunction, and acute kidney injury. Organ dysfunction can be life threatening.)
圖二. 來自約一個月前《新英倫醫學雜誌》期刊發佈的數據。
15歲以下的患者並沒有需要去ICU、用呼吸機或死亡的個案,但有1成患者屬於重症。留意這份文獻的數據只收集了9個15歲以下小孩的個案。
根據政府統計處的資料,再用以上嘅數據分析,香港有大約90萬15歲以下的孩子,7成受感染就會做成63萬人染病,5%即有3萬人會病情嚴重,1%亦即有6千人會有生命危險。
所謂群體免疫,就是犧牲部分人去完結這場疫情爆發。對於人類整體就係死咗啲人,好似natural selection咁。對於地球,甚至可以說得上是獲得了一個喘息的空間。但對於一個家庭或一個市民,這是一場賭博,下的注碼是健康,賠上的可能是性命,一個家庭的幸福。
#最重要是
1. 對新型冠狀病毒的免疫力可以維持多久,我們未知,萬一只是一年半載,咁點算?
2. 如果死咗幾萬,然後出現有效疫苗及有效藥物,咁犧牲了的性命是否值得?
3. 群體免疫顧名思義是需要一個群體一齊做的。極度安全的傳統疫苗都有anti-vaxxers嘅出現,導致上一年出現麻疹爆發。現在要用真·感染by真·病毒來發展群體免疫,真的是痴人說夢話吧!
References:
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/…/peds.2020-0702.ful…
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/sp150_tc.jsp…
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過19萬的網紅MedPartner美的好朋友,也在其Youtube影片中提到,關於青春痘的都市傳說中,食物的影響向來佔據了極大的篇幅,但如果以醫學實證的態度來探討,到底青春痘患者能吃什麼?不能吃什麼?都市傳說究竟是完全不可信?還是剛好也有一點道理呢?讓我們一起繼續看下去⋯⋯ ► 青春痘與牛奶、巧克力、甜食、油炸食物的關係 https://bit.ly/2NmgT61 ► ...
「clinical manifestations」的推薦目錄:
- 關於clinical manifestations 在 余海峯 David . 物理喵 phycat Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於clinical manifestations 在 國家衛生研究院-論壇 Facebook 的最佳貼文
- 關於clinical manifestations 在 國家衛生研究院-論壇 Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於clinical manifestations 在 MedPartner美的好朋友 Youtube 的最佳貼文
- 關於clinical manifestations 在 Clinical Manifestations of SARS - Coronavirus (SARS-COV) 的評價
clinical manifestations 在 國家衛生研究院-論壇 Facebook 的最佳貼文
「Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Novel Coronavirus Infections Involving 13 Patients Outside Wuhan, China(2020/02/07)+中文摘要轉譯」
➥中文摘要轉譯:
截至2/4日,北京報告13例,大多為年輕健康人。症狀輕微且無人死亡。與過去報導一致,健康人感染後預後較佳。
註:初期流行病學易有偏誤,不可推估大流行時狀況。(財團法人國家衛生研究院-郭書辰醫師整理)
➥In December 2019, cases of pneumonia appeared in Wuhan, China. The etiology of these infections was a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV),1,2 possibly connected to zoonotic or environmental exposure from the seafood market in Wuhan. Human-to-human transmission has accounted for most of the infections, including among health care workers.3,4 The virus has spread to different parts of China and at least 26 other countries.1 A high number of men have been infected, and the reported mortality rate has been approximately 2%, which is lower than that reported from other coronavirus epidemics including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS; mortality rate, >40% in patients aged >60 years)5 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS; mortality rate, 30%).6 However, little is known about the clinical manifestations of 2019-nCoV in healthy populations or cases outside Wuhan. We report early clinical features of 13 patients with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection admitted to hospitals in Beijing.
「Methods」
Data were obtained from 3 hospitals in Beijing, China (Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University [8 patients], Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University [4 patients], and College of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital [1 patient]). Patients were hospitalized from January 16, 2020, to January 29, 2020, with final follow-up for this report on February 4, 2020. Patients with possible 2019-nCoV were admitted and quarantined, and throat swab samples were collected and sent to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention for detection of 2019-nCoV using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay.3 Chest radiography or computed tomography was performed. Data were obtained as part of standard care. Patients were transferred to a specialized hospital after diagnosis. This study was approved by the ethics commissions of the 3 hospitals, with a waiver of informed consent.
「Results」
The median age of the patients was 34 years (25th-75th percentile, 34-48 years); 2 patients were children (aged 2 years and 15 years), and 10 (77%) were male. Twelve patients either visited Wuhan, including a family (parents and son), or had family members (grandparents of the 2-year-old child) who visited Wuhan after the onset of the 2019-nCoV epidemic (mean stay, 2.5 days). One patient did not have any known contact with Wuhan.
Twelve patients reported fever (mean, 1.6 days) before hospitalization. Symptoms included cough (46.3%), upper airway congestion (61.5%), myalgia (23.1%), and headache (23.1%) (Table). No patient required respiratory support before being transferred to the specialty hospital after a mean of 2 days. The youngest patient (aged 2 years) had intermittent fever for 1 week and persistent cough for 13 days before 2019-nCoV diagnosis. Levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein were elevated, and numbers of lymphocytes were marginally elevated (Table).
Four patients had chest radiographs and 9 had computed tomography. Five images did not demonstrate any consolidation or scarring. One chest radiograph demonstrated scattered opacities in the left lower lung; in 6 patients, ground glass opacity was observed in the right or both lungs (Figure). As of February 4, 2020, all the patients recovered, but 12 were still being quarantined in the hospital.
➥Author: De Chang, Minggui Lin, Lai Wei, et al.
➥Link: (JAMA) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2761043
衛生福利部
疾病管制署 - 1922防疫達人
疾病管制署
國家衛生研究院-論壇
#2019COVID19Academic
clinical manifestations 在 國家衛生研究院-論壇 Facebook 的最佳解答
「Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Novel Coronavirus Infections Involving 13 Patients Outside Wuhan, China(2020/02/07)+中文摘要轉譯」
➥中文摘要轉譯:
截至2/4日,北京報告13例,大多為年輕健康人。症狀輕微且無人死亡。與過去報導一致,健康人感染後預後較佳。
註:初期流行病學易有偏誤,不可推估大流行時狀況。(財團法人國家衛生研究院-郭書辰醫師整理)
➥In December 2019, cases of pneumonia appeared in Wuhan, China. The etiology of these infections was a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV),1,2 possibly connected to zoonotic or environmental exposure from the seafood market in Wuhan. Human-to-human transmission has accounted for most of the infections, including among health care workers.3,4 The virus has spread to different parts of China and at least 26 other countries.1 A high number of men have been infected, and the reported mortality rate has been approximately 2%, which is lower than that reported from other coronavirus epidemics including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS; mortality rate, >40% in patients aged >60 years)5 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS; mortality rate, 30%).6 However, little is known about the clinical manifestations of 2019-nCoV in healthy populations or cases outside Wuhan. We report early clinical features of 13 patients with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection admitted to hospitals in Beijing.
「Methods」
Data were obtained from 3 hospitals in Beijing, China (Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University [8 patients], Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University [4 patients], and College of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital [1 patient]). Patients were hospitalized from January 16, 2020, to January 29, 2020, with final follow-up for this report on February 4, 2020. Patients with possible 2019-nCoV were admitted and quarantined, and throat swab samples were collected and sent to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention for detection of 2019-nCoV using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay.3 Chest radiography or computed tomography was performed. Data were obtained as part of standard care. Patients were transferred to a specialized hospital after diagnosis. This study was approved by the ethics commissions of the 3 hospitals, with a waiver of informed consent.
「Results」
The median age of the patients was 34 years (25th-75th percentile, 34-48 years); 2 patients were children (aged 2 years and 15 years), and 10 (77%) were male. Twelve patients either visited Wuhan, including a family (parents and son), or had family members (grandparents of the 2-year-old child) who visited Wuhan after the onset of the 2019-nCoV epidemic (mean stay, 2.5 days). One patient did not have any known contact with Wuhan.
Twelve patients reported fever (mean, 1.6 days) before hospitalization. Symptoms included cough (46.3%), upper airway congestion (61.5%), myalgia (23.1%), and headache (23.1%) (Table). No patient required respiratory support before being transferred to the specialty hospital after a mean of 2 days. The youngest patient (aged 2 years) had intermittent fever for 1 week and persistent cough for 13 days before 2019-nCoV diagnosis. Levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein were elevated, and numbers of lymphocytes were marginally elevated (Table).
Four patients had chest radiographs and 9 had computed tomography. Five images did not demonstrate any consolidation or scarring. One chest radiograph demonstrated scattered opacities in the left lower lung; in 6 patients, ground glass opacity was observed in the right or both lungs (Figure). As of February 4, 2020, all the patients recovered, but 12 were still being quarantined in the hospital.
➥Author: De Chang, Minggui Lin, Lai Wei, et al.
➥Link: (JAMA) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2761043
衛生福利部
疾病管制署 - 1922防疫達人
疾病管制署
國家衛生研究院-論壇
#2019COVID19Academic
clinical manifestations 在 MedPartner美的好朋友 Youtube 的最佳貼文
關於青春痘的都市傳說中,食物的影響向來佔據了極大的篇幅,但如果以醫學實證的態度來探討,到底青春痘患者能吃什麼?不能吃什麼?都市傳說究竟是完全不可信?還是剛好也有一點道理呢?讓我們一起繼續看下去⋯⋯
► 青春痘與牛奶、巧克力、甜食、油炸食物的關係
https://bit.ly/2NmgT61
► 長青春痘要怎麼做好防曬?
https://youtu.be/tvnohG1v8lk
► 青春痘的成因、預防與治療
https://bit.ly/2JlhBhq
Reference
1. Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of acne vulgaris. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc. (Accessed on November 9 , 2017.)
2. Vongraviopap, Saivaree, and Pravit Asawanonda. “Dark chocolate exacerbates acne.” International journal of dermatology 55.5 (2016): 587-591.
3. Burris, Jennifer, William Rietkerk, and Kathleen Woolf. “Acne: the role of medical nutrition therapy.” Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics113.3 (2013): 416-430.
4. Spencer, Elsa H., Hope R. Ferdowsian, and Neal D. Barnard. “Diet and acne: a review of the evidence.” International journal of dermatology 48.4 (2009): 339-347.
5. Kaymak, Yesim, et al. “Dietary glycemic index and glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, and leptin levels in patients with acne.” Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 57.5 (2007): 819-823.
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clinical manifestations 在 Clinical Manifestations of SARS - Coronavirus (SARS-COV) 的推薦與評價
Please read and agree to the disclaimer before watching this video.. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a severe form of pneumonia. ... <看更多>