Kanser kini merupakan penyebab kedua tertinggi kematian dalam kalangan rakyat Malaysia.
Tiga jenis kanser yang tertinggi di kalangan lelaki di Malaysia adalah kolorektal (16.4%), paru-paru (15.8%) dan nasopharynx (8.1%); manakala di kalangan wanita adalah payudara (32.1%), kolorektal (10.7%) dan serviks (7.7%).
Beban penyakit kanser dijangka akan meningkat disebabkan oleh prevalan faktor-faktor risiko penyakit tidak berjangkit (Non-Communicable Diseases atau NCD) yang tinggi dan populasi menua (aging population) di Malaysia.
Maklumat lanjut bolehlah merujuk kepada Kenyataan Akhbar Menteri Kesihatan Malaysia bersempena Hari Kanser Sedunia 2019.
Cancer is now the second-highest cause of death among malaysians.
The three highest types of cancer among men in Malaysia are colorectal (16.4 %), lungs (15.8 %) and nasopharynx (8.1 %); while among women are breasts (32.1 %), Colorectal (10.7 %) and cervical (7.7 %).
The burden of cancer disease is expected to increase due to the prevalan of the risk factor of non-infectious disease (Non-communicable diseases or ncd) and the aging population (aging aging) in Malaysia.
More information can refer to the Malaysian Health Minister's press statement in conjunction with world cancer day 2019.Translated
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colorectal cancer risk factor 在 夠維根Go Vegan Youtube 的最佳解答
FB粉絲專頁:https://www.facebook.com/GoVeganTW
提倡一種新的生活態度,透過動畫宣導"動物權利"!
感謝【台灣素食營養學會】整理資料、提供贊助
【台灣素食營養學會 官網】http://www.twvns.org/
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【補充資料】
豆腐補鈣,鹽滷、石膏哪種好 http://goo.gl/MWcs7w
今天的鈣夠了嗎 http://goo.gl/xGUOe7
蔬食鈣高尚 https://goo.gl/Mz2fkB
素食者是否該喝牛奶 http://goo.gl/NSDmQN
1. 喝牛奶增加死亡率、骨折率 (瑞典研究):
Michaëlsson K, Wolk A, Langenskiöld S, Basu S, Warensjö Lemming E, Melhus H, Byberg L. Milk intake and risk of mortality and fractures in women and men: cohort studies. BMJ. 2014 Oct 28;349:g6015.
2. 青少年喝奶量與老年時的骨折率:
Feskanich D, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Frazier AL, Willett WC. Milk consumption during teenage years and risk of hip fractures in older adults. JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Jan;168(1):54-60. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.3821.
3. 其他喝牛奶與骨折的研究:
Bolland MJ, Leung W, Tai V, Bastin S, Gamble GD, Grey A, Reid IR. Calcium intake and risk of fracture: systematic review. BMJ. 2015 Sep 29;351:h4580. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4580. Review.
Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Baron JA, Kanis JA, Orav EJ, Staehelin HB, Kiel DP, Burckhardt P, Henschkowski J, Spiegelman D, Li R, Wong JB, Feskanich D, Willett WC. Milk intake and risk of hip fracture in men and women: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Apr;26(4):833-9.
4. D-半乳糖:
Hao L, Huang H, Gao J, Marshall C, Chen Y, Xiao M. The influence of gender, age and treatment time on brain oxidative stress and memory impairment induced by dgalactose in mice. Neurosci Lett 2014;571C:459.
Cui X, Wang L, Zuo P, Han Z, Fang Z, Li W, et al. D-galactose caused life shortening in Drosophila melanogaster and Musca domestica is associated with oxidative stress. Biogerontology 2004;5:31725.
5. IGF-1相關:
Cao Y, Nimptsch K, Shui IM, Platz EA, Wu K, Pollak MN, Kenfield SA, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci EL. Prediagnostic plasma IGFBP-1, IGF-1 and risk of prostate cancer. Int J Cancer. 2015 May 15;136(10):2418-26. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29295. Epub
2014 Nov 10.
Ma J, Giovannucci E, Pollak M, Chan JM, Gaziano JM, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ. Milk intake, circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I, and risk of colorectal cancer in men. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93:1330–6.
Qin LQ, He K, Xu JY. Milk consumption and circulating insulin-like growth factor-I level: a systematic literature review. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009;60(Suppl 7):330–40.
Allen NE, Appleby PN, Davey GK, Key TJ. Hormones and diet: low insulin-like growth factor-I but normal bioavailable androgens in vegan men. Br J Cancer 2000;83:95–7.
6. 攝護腺癌:
Aune D, Navarro Rosenblatt DA, Chan DS, Vieira AR, Vieira R, Greenwood DC, Vatten LJ, Norat T. Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jan;101(1):87-117.
7. 牛乳與便秘:
Andiran F, Dayi S, Mete E. Cows milk consumption in constipation and anal fissure in infants and young children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2003 Jul;39(5):329-31.
Irastorza I, Ibañez B, Delgado-Sanzonetti L, Maruri N, Vitoria JC. Cow's-milk-free diet as a therapeutic option in childhood chronic constipation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010 Aug;51(2):171-6.
Carroccio A, Mansueto P, Morfino G, D'Alcamo A, Di Paola V, Iacono G, Soresi M, Scerrino G, Maresi E, Gulotta G, Rini G, Bonventre S. Oligo-antigenic diet in the treatment of chronic anal fissures. Evidence for a relationship between food hypersensitivity and anal fissures. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 May;108(5):825-32.
Dehghani SM, Ahmadpour B, Haghighat M, Kashef S, Imanieh MH, Soleimani M. The Role of Cow's Milk Allergy in Pediatric Chronic Constipation: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Iran J Pediatr. 2012 Dec;22(4):468-74.
8. 牛乳與青春痘:
Melnik BC. Evidence for acne-promoting effects of milk and other insulinotropic dairy products. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2011;67:131-45.
9. 鈣質吸收率:
Weaver CM, Plawecki KL. Dietary calcium: adequacy of a vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 May;59(5 Suppl):1238S-1241S. Review.
Weaver CM, Proulx WR, Heaney R. Choices for achieving adequate dietary calcium with a vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Sep;70(3 Suppl):543S-548S. Review.
10.溫室氣體排放:
http://www.fao.org/agriculture/lead/themes0/climate/emissions/en/
colorectal cancer risk factor 在 Colon Cancer (CRC) Risk Factors (& Ways To Reduce Risk) 的推薦與評價
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