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【Yahoo財經專欄】iPhone13來了 低軌道衛星能帶動新一波商機？

蘋果iPhone13即將在九月發表，最近各大券商研究報告中，特別提到iPhone13可能支持低軌道衛星通訊，使市場對低軌道衛星概念股極為關注。低軌道衛星通訊是什麼？除了iPhone13其他手機能用嗎？

低軌道衛星通訊到底是什麼？

低軌道衛星是相對於中高軌道衛星來看，正常來說，低軌衛星（Low-Earth Orbit, LEO）用來快速通訊，中軌道衛星（Medium-Earth Orbit, MEO）用來提供GPS衛星定位與導航功能，而高軌衛星（Geostationary Orbit.GEO），則是常見於電視轉播與氣象觀測。

基本上，不同高度的衛星，作用就不一樣，因為衛星越高，繞地球一圈的時間就越久，所以除非是要對地球上某個區域做長期觀察、做全球即時轉播，或者長距離導航，要不然通常我們使用的寬頻網路，都是低軌道衛星，而他的數量已經佔了全球七成以上的衛星。

這次iPhone13傳出可能支持低軌道衛星通訊，便意味著，他不需要連接基地台再發射上衛星，而是能直接連接衛星，成為普遍的衛星電話，這是目前佢求所有手機都未能做到的。

其實，衛星電話已經存在很長時間，但因為需要大天線與衛星溝通，通常體積很龐大，如果蘋果手機能快速連上低軌衛星，會因離地較近，訊號傳輸所需時間短、延遲較少，達到更好的通訊品質，像是使用蘋果的用戶，在沒有基地台的偏避地區，就可以經由衛星直接連網。

（全文請點連結）

【太空清道夫】英國清理太空垃圾的野心

4月初，一枚報廢的衛星在太空中衝向一支 舊火箭的殼體，並可能與之碰撞。歐盟太空監視與追蹤聯盟（Space Surveillance and Tracking Consortium）估計，此次碰撞可能產生超過400萬塊碎片。最終，這兩個龐然大物只是擦肩而過，但這事件提醒人們，太空垃圾越來越普遍，也越來越危 險。根據歐洲太空總署（European Space Agency） 的數據，太空軌道上有超過8000噸垃圾，包含約 2.6萬個直徑超過10厘米的物體。任何這種體積的物體都可能摧毀一顆正運行的衛星，並持續威脅提供氣象觀測、災害管理和軍事通訊等各種服務的系統。最壞的情況是所謂的凱斯勒現象（Kessler Syndrome），即物體碰撞產生更多碎片，導致更多碰撞，如此重複，直到整個軌道變得無法使用。

一間名為Astroscale的初創公司正試圖解決這個問題。該公司使用附有機械手臂的太空船捕獲失效的衛星。這是近年嘗試用巨網或撿垃圾的魚叉來清理太空的替代方案。如果Astroscale的太空船能夠抓住並控制碎片，那麼下一步要做的就是將報廢的衛星推向地球方向——它們會在重返大氣層時燃燒殆盡。

Astroscale董事總經理兼集團商務總監奧本 （John Auburn）表示，這不僅可以讓太空變得更安全，還能重振英國的太空產業。「英國太空行業現正推動一項完整的端到端碎片清除任務，」他說，「這將是英國脫歐後最重要的太空任務。」

英國擁有太空法律、監管和保險方面的專業知識，也擁有監測有機會影響衛星的太空氣候的基建設施。英國皇家空軍太空作戰中心正開發觀察太空碎片並進行分類的技術。英國太空業貿易機構UKspace的主席夏夫（Nick Shave）表示，總部位於曼島（Isle of Man）的私人機構太空數據協會（Space Data Association）會追蹤大部份地球同步衛星（geostationary satellites），並就可能發生的碰撞向營運商發出警告。該協會正為近地軌道衛星建立一個類似的機構。

日益繁忙的太空交通將增加清理工作的難度，但同時也會增加對清理工作的需求。3月16日，美國太空軍負責太空行動的副司令湯普森（David Thompson）將軍表示，如果有可能清除軌道上的碎片，美國願意「支付大筆費用」。——Thomas Pfeiffer、Thomas Seal；譯 徐安琪

#太空 #垃圾 #英國 #脫歐 #火箭 #衛星 #Astroscale

（本文節選自《彭博商業周刊∕中文版》第219期，如欲查閱全文，歡迎訂閱）
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電郵：bbwhk_cir@modernmedia.com.hk

雖然亞利安納(Ariane)的「織女星輕型火箭」(Vega)被拖延到8月下旬發射，但是該公司的重型運載火箭「亞利安納5號」(Ariane 5)即將在本月28日發射升空，搭載日本通訊衛星 BSAT-4b、美國Intelsat公司的「銀河-30」(Galaxy 30)通訊衛星和ViviSat合資公司的「衛星任務擴展器」(MEV-2)

https://www.arianespace.com/press-release/arianespace-to-launch-three-satellites-towards-geostationary-orbit-on-july-28/

Section II Force and Motion
2.7 Gravitation
Circular motion under gravity

Racing Seoul
The appearance of 1098 clearly and without uselessness will enchant all the people who see. The result of the performance pursuit appears to all Detail in the vehicle.

The style of original Ducati named a twin silencer and overhang mounted impeller type swing arm under the reception desk surroundings and the seat caul compact of the improved tail end emphasizes the high aerodynamics and movement. 1098 heart and Testastorettaeborushon'engen join this, and the completion of an ultimate performance motorcycle and the Ducati superbike that looks as dashing even at geostationary.

Ducati..for the first time..mass production..sports..motorcycle..design.. for the first time..feature..give.　1098 is the first production motorcycle to which powerful stopping power of the radial mount made of Brembo thing block brake caliper is given, and the first motorcycle that provided with the light type swing arm that adopts an original process of manufacture. In addition, it is first loading going Ducati that catches the technology of the Instrument panel and MotoGP developed for the throttle body and GP7 the oval body type of Desmosediti GP6 transfer that improves power directly and put it.

It is pure, and 1098 is simplicity, and a motorcycle that has the spirit of the racing motorcycle. The riding position where the tank and the seat of a sleek line wrap the rider emphasizes the oneness of the man-machine. The earth situation of the road and the tire is transmitted, it becomes information that forecasts the behavior of the body, and the rider can correspond immediately.

The fanfare that "Groan" of the roar and the oval throttle body from a twin silencer under the seat caul for which it appeals to aural is suitable for synchronized doing and 1098 new engine and Testastorettaeborution is played. 　Surprising numerical value like max power 160HP and max torque 12.5kgm, etc. is generated by the large diameter boa of 104mm and the cylinder head design newly designed. 1098 that becomes cooperation development with Ducaticolse is a masterpiece that overflowed in the performance and the innovation of astonishment.

320オーバークラブの方です、

大川君のお知り合いで、ちっちの所にも出入りしているそうです、
遠いところありがとう、
Kawasaki, and Zettozettoarl) announces by the Tokyo Motor Show in 1989 by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, and is a large-scale automatic ..ZZR1100 (.. two-wheeled vehicle of the ZZR series marketed in 1990(motorcycle).
Outline

There are sober externals made Zarah, too and because unique high performance in various performance tests of two-wheel magazine etc. had been demonstrated, it was popular though attention did not have had to be attracted so much at first. It reaches at about 290 km/h, and especially, maximum speed kept extending long and maintaining the seat of a car at the velocity of the world on the market from HONDA to the sale of CBR1100XX after 1990 in 1996.

A maximum speed secret is the thing and secondarily by the employment of Cowling (about 400cc) who has low air resistance extremely to the first in the first time adoption of the ram pressure supplement one's salary mechanism as a car of this class on the market. This ram pressure supplement one's salary is a mechanism that a similar effect to the supercharging machine though it is natural suction (NA) is requested by installing the air inlet aiming at the traveling direction of the body, and pressurizing in the air box by the running style according to the rise of the speed. It succeeds in the maximum speed vicinity in ZZR1100 in improving the real output in about 5%?10% more than the catalog data.

It was produced from 1990 to 1993, and as for C type of an initial model, it shifted to D type restyled in 1993, and D type ended production in 2003. At first..maximum speed..motorcycle..think..large-scale..motorcycle..weight..feel..have..light..handle..calm..rotation..region..engine..characteristic..car..case..feel..have..treat..easiness..evaluate..touring..use..multi..provide..long..over..popular..call.

The development of ZX-11 is started by developed saying that ZX-10 will be exceeded at first. It starts from this model, and only North America succeeds to the name of shape of "ZX- " to the name of "ZZR". This "ZX- " was not used for ZX-12R as a name of the united model.

Car only for displacement 1052cc, engine output 147hp (Geostationary), and
export.

C1

* It announces by the Tokyo Motor Show in 1989, and it sells it in 1990.
* The net cover of the ram pressure duct in front of the body is a plane.
* As for the period type, the shape of the exhaust end is different first
from afterwards of part.
* Various records were recorded in the car on the market test.
* 228kg in dry weight

C2

* 1991. The good record in C1 is received and popularity boils. The premium is caused, and the reimport price in Japan soars up to 1.8 million yen at one o'clock.
* To the curved surface so that the net cover of the ram pressure duct may
improve a dustproof effect.
* The ram pressure supplement one's salary device to the carburetor, some
changes.
* Some measures were added to durability shortage of the hub damper.
* The carburetor setting is changed.