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在housing supply in hong kong這個產品中，有9篇Facebook貼文，粉絲數超過8萬的網紅本土研究社 Liber Research Community，也在其Facebook貼文中提到， 房疫不防疫。 //For Neon Yiu Ching-hei, a member of land concern group Liber Research Community, the outbreak of Covid-19 has highlighted how building condi...

housing supply in hong kong 在 本土研究社 Liber Research Community Facebook 的最讚貼文

本土研究社 Liber Research Community By 本土研究社 Liber Research Community

2020-03-14 22:37:31 有 72 人按讚
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房疫不防疫。

//For Neon Yiu Ching-hei, a member of land concern group Liber Research Community, the outbreak of Covid-19 has highlighted how building conditions affect the poorest households in the city, who are living and quarantining themselves in subdivided units.

“The government thinks that increasing the housing supply will solve the subdivided flat issue, but the supply-oriented direction of the government has led to the deterioration of housing conditions in Hong Kong and that particularly strikes poor households in Hong Kong,”

Yiu says. “I think now is a time to rethink Hong Kong’s housing policy to focus more on improving the housing conditions of the existing stock.”

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housing supply in hong kong 在 護台胖犬 劉仕傑 Facebook 的最佳解答

護台胖犬 劉仕傑 By 護台胖犬 劉仕傑

2019-10-04 12:16:07 有 492 人按讚
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【 黎安友專文 l 中國如何看待香港危機 】

美國哥倫比亞大學的資深中國通黎安友（Andrew Nathan）教授最近在《外交事務》（Foreign Affairs）雜誌的專文，值得一看。

黎安友是台灣許多中國研究學者的前輩級老師，小英總統去哥大演講時，正是他積極促成。小英在美國的僑宴，黎安友也是座上賓。

這篇文章的標題是：「中國如何看待香港危機：北京自我克制背後的真正原因」。

文章很長，而且用英文寫，需要花點時間閱讀。大家有空可以看看。

Andrew這篇文章的立論基礎，是來自北京核心圈的匿名說法。以他在學術界的地位，我相信他對消息來源已經做了足夠的事實查核或確認。

這篇文章，是在回答一個疑問：中共為何在香港事件如此自制？有人說是怕西方譴責，有人說是怕損害香港的金融地位。

都不是。這篇文章認為，上述兩者都不是中共的真實顧慮。

無論你多痛恨中共，你都必須真實面對你的敵人。

中共是搞經濟階級鬥爭起家的，當年用階級鬥爭打敗國民黨。而現在，中共正用這樣的思維處理香港議題。

文章有一句話：“China’s response has been rooted not in anxiety but in confidence.” 這句話道盡階級鬥爭的精髓。

中共一點都不焦慮。相反地，中共很有自信，香港的菁英階級及既得利益的收編群體，到最後會支持中共。

這個分化的心理基礎，來自經濟上的利益。

文中還提到，鄧小平當年給香港五十年的一國兩制，就是為了「給香港足夠的時間適應中共的政治系統」。

1997年，香港的GDP佔中國的18%。2018年，這個比例降到2.8%。

今日的香港經濟，在中共的評估，是香港需要中國，而不是中國需要香港。

中共正在在意的，是香港的高房價問題。香港的房價，在過去十年內三倍翻漲。

文章是這樣描述：
“Housing prices have tripled over the past decade; today, the median price of a house is more than 20 times the median gross annual household income. The median rent has increased by nearly 25 percent in the past six years. As many as 250,000 people are waiting for public housing. At the same time, income growth for many Hong Kong residents has fallen below the overall increase in cost of living.”

無論你同不同意這些說法，都請你試圖客觀地看看這篇文章。

有趣的是，黎安友在文章中部分論點引述了他的消息來源（但他並沒有加上個人評論），部分是他自己的觀察。

#護台胖犬劉仕傑
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**

黎安友原文：

https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2019-09-30/how-china-sees-hong-kong-crisis?fbclid=IwAR2PwHns5gWrw0fT0sa5LuO8zgv4PhLmkYfegtBgoOMCD3WJFI3w5NTe0S4

How China Sees the Hong Kong Crisis
The Real Reasons Behind Beijing’s Restraint

By Andrew J. Nathan September 30, 2019

Massive and sometimes violent protests have rocked Hong Kong for over 100 days. Demonstrators have put forward five demands, of which the most radical is a call for free, direct elections of Hong Kong’s chief executive and all members of the territory’s legislature: in other words, a fully democratic system of local rule, one not controlled by Beijing. As this brazen challenge to Chinese sovereignty has played out, Beijing has made a show of amassing paramilitary forces just across the border in Shenzhen. So far, however, China has not deployed force to quell the unrest and top Chinese leaders have refrained from making public threats to do so.

Western observers who remember the violent crackdown on pro-democracy demonstrators in Tiananmen Square 30 years ago have been puzzled by Beijing’s forbearance. Some have attributed Beijing’s restraint to a fear of Western condemnation if China uses force. Others have pointed to Beijing’s concern that a crackdown would damage Hong Kong’s role as a financial center for China.

But according to two Chinese scholars who have connections to regime insiders and who requested anonymity to discuss the thinking of policymakers in Beijing, China’s response has been rooted not in anxiety but in confidence. Beijing is convinced that Hong Kong’s elites and a substantial part of the public do not support the demonstrators and that what truly ails the territory are economic problems rather than political ones—in particular, a combination of stagnant incomes and rising rents. Beijing also believes that, despite the appearance of disorder, its grip on Hong Kong society remains firm. The Chinese Communist Party has long cultivated the territory’s business elites (the so-called tycoons) by offering them favorable economic access to the mainland. The party also maintains a long-standing loyal cadre of underground members in the territory. And China has forged ties with the Hong Kong labor movement and some sections of its criminal underground. Finally, Beijing believes that many ordinary citizens are fearful of change and tired of the disruption caused by the demonstrations.

Beijing therefore thinks that its local allies will stand firm and that the demonstrations will gradually lose public support and eventually die out. As the demonstrations shrink, some frustrated activists will engage in further violence, and that in turn will accelerate the movement’s decline. Meanwhile, Beijing is turning its attention to economic development projects that it believes will address some of the underlying grievances that led many people to take to the streets in the first place.

This view of the situation is held by those at the very top of the regime in Beijing, as evidenced by recent remarks made by Chinese President Xi Jinping, some of which have not been previously reported. In a speech Xi delivered in early September to a new class of rising political stars at the Central Party School in Beijing, he rejected the suggestion of some officials that China should declare a state of emergency in Hong Kong and send in the People’s Liberation Army. “That would be going down a political road of no return,” Xi said. “The central government will exercise the most patience and restraint and allow the [regional government] and the local police force to resolve the crisis.” In separate remarks that Xi made around the same time, he spelled out what he sees as the proper way to proceed: “Economic development is the only golden key to resolving all sorts of problems facing Hong Kong today.”

ONE COUNTRY, TWO SYSTEMS, MANY QUESTIONS

Chinese decision-makers are hardly surprised that Hong Kong is chafing under their rule. Beijing believes it has treated Hong Kong with a light hand and has supported the territory’s economy in many ways, especially by granting it special access to the mainland’s stocks and currency markets, exempting it from the taxes and fees that other Chinese provinces and municipalities pay the central government, and guaranteeing a reliable supply of water, electricity, gas, and food. Even so, Beijing considers disaffection among Hong Kong’s residents a natural outgrowth of the territory’s colonial British past and also a result of the continuing influence of Western values. Indeed, during the 1984 negotiations between China and the United Kingdom over Hong Kong’s future, the Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping suggested following the approach of “one country, two systems” for 50 years precisely to give people in Hong Kong plenty of time to get used to the Chinese political system.

But “one country, two systems” was never intended to result in Hong Kong spinning out of China’s control. Under the Basic Law that China crafted as Hong Kong’s “mini-constitution,” Beijing retained the right to prevent any challenge to what it considered its core security interests. The law empowered Beijing to determine if and when Hong Kongers could directly elect the territory’s leadership, allowed Beijing to veto laws passed by the Hong Kong Legislative Council, and granted China the right to make final interpretations of the Basic Law. And there would be no question about who had a monopoly of force. During the negotiations with the United Kingdom, Deng publicly rebuked a top Chinese defense official—General Geng Biao, who at the time was a patron of a rising young official named Xi Jinping—for suggesting that there might not be any need to put troops in Hong Kong. Deng insisted that a Chinese garrison was necessary to symbolize Chinese sovereignty.

Statements made by U.S. politicians in support of the recent demonstrations only confirm Beijing’s belief that Washington seeks to inflame radical sentiments in Hong Kong.

At first, Hong Kongers seemed to accept their new role as citizens of a rising China. In 1997, in a tracking poll of Hong Kong residents regularly conducted by researchers at the University of Hong Kong, 47 percent of respondents identified themselves as “proud” citizens of China. But things went downhill from there. In 2012, the Hong Kong government tried to introduce “patriotic education” in elementary and middle schools, but the proposed curriculum ran into a storm of local opposition and had to be withdrawn. In 2014, the 79-day Umbrella Movement brought hundreds of thousands of citizens into the streets to protest Beijing’s refusal to allow direct elections for the chief executive. And as authoritarianism has intensified under Xi’s rule, events such as the 2015 kidnapping of five Hong Kong–based publishers to stand trial in the mainland further soured Hong Kong opinion. By this past June, only 27 percent of respondents to the tracking poll described themselves as “proud” to be citizens of China. This year’s demonstrations started as a protest against a proposed law that would have allowed Hong Kongers suspected of criminal wrongdoing to be extradited to the mainland but then developed into a broad-based expression of discontent over the lack of democratic accountability, police brutality, and, most fundamentally, what was perceived as a mainland assault on Hong Kong’s unique identity.

Still, Chinese leaders do not blame themselves for these shifts in public opinion. Rather, they believe that Western powers, especially the United States, have sought to drive a wedge between Hong Kong and the mainland. Statements made by U.S. politicians in support of the recent demonstrations only confirm Beijing’s belief that Washington seeks to inflame radical sentiments in Hong Kong. As Xi explained in his speech in September:
As extreme elements in Hong Kong turn more and more violent, Western forces, especially the United States, have been increasingly open in their involvement. Some extreme anti-China forces in the United States are trying to turn Hong Kong into the battleground for U.S.-Chinese rivalry…. They want to turn Hong Kong's high degree of autonomy into de facto independence, with the ultimate objective to contain China's rise and prevent the revival of the great Chinese nation.

Chinese leaders do not fear that a crackdown on Hong Kong would inspire Western antagonism. Rather, they take such antagonism as a preexisting reality—one that goes a long way toward explaining why the disorder in Hong Kong broke out in the first place. In Beijing’s eyes, Western hostility is rooted in the mere fact of China’s rise, and thus there is no use in tailoring China’s Hong Kong strategy to influence how Western powers would respond.

IT’S NOT ABOUT THE BENJAMINS

The view that Xi has not deployed troops because of Hong Kong’s economic importance to the mainland is also misguided, and relies on an outdated view of the balance of economic power. In 1997, Hong Kong’s GDP was equivalent to 18 percent of the mainland’s. Most of China’s foreign trade was conducted through Hong Kong, providing China with badly needed hard currencies. Chinese companies raised most of their capital on the Hong Kong stock exchange. Today, things are vastly different. In 2018, Hong Kong’s GDP was equal to only 2.7 percent of the mainland’s. Shenzhen alone has overtaken Hong Kong in terms of GDP. Less than 12 percent of China’s exports now flow through Hong Kong. The combined market value of China’s domestic stock exchanges in Shanghai and Shenzhen far surpasses that of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, and Chinese companies can also list in Frankfurt, London, New York, and elsewhere.

Although Hong Kong remains the largest offshore clearing center for renminbi, that role could easily be filled by London or Singapore, if Chinese leaders so desired.
Investment flowing into and out of China still tends to pass through financial holding vehicles set up in Hong Kong, in order to benefit from the region’s legal protections. But China’s new foreign investment law (which will take effect on January 1, 2020) and other recent policy changes mean that such investment will soon be able to bypass Hong Kong. And although Hong Kong remains the largest offshore clearing center for renminbi, that role could easily be filled by London or Singapore, if Chinese leaders so desired.

Wrecking Hong Kong’s economy by using military force to impose emergency rule would not be a good thing for China. But the negative effect on the mainland’s prosperity would not be strong enough to prevent Beijing from doing whatever it believes is necessary to maintain control over the territory.

CAN’T BUY ME LOVE?

As it waits out the current crisis, Beijing has already started tackling the economic problems that it believes are the source of much of the anger among Hong Kongers. Housing prices have tripled over the past decade; today, the median price of a house is more than 20 times the median gross annual household income. The median rent has increased by nearly 25 percent in the past six years. As many as 250,000 people are waiting for public housing. At the same time, income growth for many Hong Kong residents has fallen below the overall increase in cost of living.

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護台胖犬 劉仕傑

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時代力量國際中心主任 台南一中 台大政治系 清大中國研究碩士 英國牛津大學外交官培訓專班 前台灣職業外交官 曾派駐洛杉磯與帛琉 著有【我在外交部工作】
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housing supply in hong kong 在 姚松炎 Edward Yiu Facebook 的精選貼文

姚松炎 Edward Yiu By 姚松炎 Edward Yiu

2018-10-17 20:59:57 有 175 人按讚
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【大嶼填海 為誰而建】
【漠視民意 事倍功半】

<對「明日大嶼」計劃之聲明>
(Please scroll down for English Version)

特首林鄭月娥在剛推出的2018年施政報告中，提出「明日大嶼」計劃，目標在東大嶼填海1700公頃，建造多個人工島。作為建築、測量、都市規劃及園境界別的選委代表，我們對推出的目的、規模、程序及模式均有所保留：

【供過於求，為誰而建】
根據政府統計處推算，香港人口於2043年達至高峰，比現在增長88萬，之後便會回落。但未計現正進行的土地房屋發展和現有閒置的房屋資源，東大嶼填海後便可供110萬人居住，為何要提供過剩的供應?

如此龐大計劃，卻沒有交代規劃願景及土地分布等重要考慮，亦沒有交代填海選址及規模的理據。特首亦明言，此計劃是要「大嶼山會成為通往世界和連接其他大灣區城市的『雙門戶』」，這不禁令人擔心，新造的土地未必能聚焦解決香港的住屋問題。

【漠視民意，無視更佳選項】
土地大辯論剛結束並正進行歸納，眾多專業團體和市民提出了大量寶貴及可行的意見，例如：棕地、軍事用地、私人遊樂場地契約用地、閒置政府地、近岸填海等選項。可惜，在土地專責小組報告未出爐前，特首突然急於推出如此大規模的填海計劃，無視整個土地諮詢，視民意如無物。而且比起大規模填海，這些選項成本較低、技術要求較低、對環境影響也較小，大規模填海是捨易取難，未有充分考慮專業意見。

【不符成本效益】
當提及填海的開支，特首輕描淡寫地說「四五千億走唔甩」。但不少工程專家認為，若計算連接的道路和鐵路，加上近年基建超支的趨勢，保守估計亦要一萬億，大約是香港外匯儲備的一半。若工程期間遇到不可預期的情況，如早前港珠澳大橋人工島移位之類，開支更會進一步飆升。當然，一萬億是否合乎成本效益，要看有否其他可達至同樣目的，但成本較低的選項。而在土地供應問題上，明顯有不少成本低得多的選擇，如收回粉嶺高爾夫球場、收回棕地等。

【合理分配，按步推展】
土地和房屋問題可分短、中、長三階段處理，因而直接影響儲備的分配。在填海的開支上，若單項投放一萬億而忽略了短中期房屋措施的資金投入，恐怕顧此失彼，未能達到成果效益的社會平衡，恐陷頭重腳輕寸步難行的困境。

【天人共存，敬畏自然】
超強颱風山竹吹襲香港，市面一片狼藉，情景還歷歷在目。當大眾開始感受到全球暖化所帶來的天然災害，大規模填海是反其道而行，因其耗能大、碳排放極高，對環境影響也是不可逆轉的。雖然特首說「氣象風險可管理」，但大自然的力量並不是人類可以匹敵的。加上如此大規模的填海，需要運用大量海砂，對填海的海域和海砂的出產地造成嚴重生態災難。其實造地應以順應大自然的方式，並考慮以人居、環境互相配合的新式設計，而非因循上世紀「新市鎮」的發展模式。就算填海是不可避免，亦可以推進式堤岸及分散式堆填等方法，在增加土地的同時產生宜居及保育沿岸生態系統，相對大規模的填海工程更能抵禦氣候變化的環境改變。

【總結】
我們作為建築師、測量師、規劃師、園境師，一向關心香港的土地和房屋問題，亦明白到這些問題的急切性。但「明日大嶼」計劃不但不能解決問題，更會引發很多不能逆轉的影響。

在過去五個月，無論官方的專家小組，或者民間研究組織，在土地諮詢過程中提出了很多優秀的方案。所以，我們呼籲林鄭月娥特首，為香港福祉，為了我們的下一代，暫停「明日大嶼」計劃，重新找出一個有利香港未來的土地發展方案，讓市民共同參與，為未來重燃希望。

<建築、測量、都市規劃及園境界別選委>：
陳彥璘 蔣偉騏 黎可頴 林穎茵 陳潔華
林芷筠 柳凱瑩 關兆倫 鄭炳鴻 敖鋅琦
黎永鋒 黃智鈞 司馬文 陳元敬 高嘉雲
劉紹禧 汪整樂 陳堯坤 雷雯

【Lantau Tomorrow - Who is it for ?】


In the 2018 Policy Address, Chief Executive Mrs. Carrie Lam announced the “Lantau Tomorrow Vision” which targets to construct artificial islands with a total area of about 1700 hectares through massive land reclamation. As Election Committee members of the Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape Subsector, we have reservations on the objective, scale and procedures of the proposal:

【Oversupply of land, who is it for ?】
According to the projection of the Census and Statistics Department, population of Hong Kong will reach its peak at 2043 which means there will be an increase of 880,000 people compared to the current population. Population will then decrease gradually. If we disregard the current land and housing development and vacant residential units, the proposed artificial islands alone can accommodate 1,100,000 people. Why do we have to create more supply than demand?

Important information like planning visions and land use plan was not announced, justification of reclamation scale and site selection was also absent. This is unusual and far from satisfaction for such a massive development proposal. The CE claimed that the proposal is for “making Lantau a “Double Gateway” to the world and other Greater Bay Area cities.” This makes people speculate whether the land created will be for solving housing problem in Hong Kong?

【Public Opinion Ignored】
The public consultation on land supply has just completed and the Task Force on Land Supply has not concluded the public opinions. During the consultation process, a lot of ideas were discussed and submitted. The feasible land supply options include: brownfield sites, military sites, sites under private recreational leases, vacant government land and near-shore reclamation. Surprisingly, the CE announced the massive reclamation proposal before the report of the Land Supply Taskforce, without paying respect to the consultation and all public opinions collected. Moreover, comparing to massive reclamation, the options raised in the consultation process cost less, face less technical difficulties and have less impact to the environment. Professional knowledge is apparently not thoroughly considered in the proposal.

【Not Cost Efficient】
The CE mentioned the cost of reclamation will be “roughly 4-5 hundred billions”. However, engineering experts estimated that, including all the connecting roads and railways with consideration of recent trend of infrastructure over budget, the cost of constructing the artificial islands will be at least a thousand billions ---- this will be equivalent to half of Hong Kong’s foreign currency reserve. If unforeseen conditions were encountered during construction, such as drifting of artificial island in the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge construction, the cost will be further soared. When we assess whether a project is cost efficient, we will try to see whether there is any lower cost alternatives that can achieve the same objective. The one-thousand-billion artificial islands are obviously not cost efficient as there are other options that cost a lot less such as developing the Fanling golf course and developing brownfield sites in the N.T.

【Balanced Resources Allocation】
Land and housing problems need to be solved in 3 stages: short-term, medium-term and long-term. Resources have to be allocated appropriately to all stages in order to have a coherent result. If a thousand billions were invested in a single long-term project, the resources for short-term and medium-term solutions will inevitably be limited. Such resource imbalance cannot create the desired social return.

【Living with Natural Harmony】
Our memory is fresh with the destruction of Typhoon Mangkhut which we experience the consequence of global warming. Massive reclamation is a bad response to climate change. It will spend massive energy, vast amount of carbon emission and it will bring irreversible impact to the ecosystem. Although our CE claimed that “climate risks can be mitigated”, natural force is nothing human being can be compared. In addition, this scale of massive reclamation will need incredible amount of marine sand. It will bring forth ecological disaster to the reclamation area as well as the marine sand mining area. For sustainable development, land supply shall adopt methods that are harmonious with the environment and design that balance between human habitat and nature. Just following the “New Town Development” mode that was used a century ago is not going to be a good solution. Even reclamation is inevitable, progressive reclamation along the coast shall be considered first which is more friendly to the marine ecology and less impactful to climate change.

【Conclusion】
As Architects, Surveyors, Planners and Landscape Architects, we are deeply concerned with the land and housing problems in Hong Kong. We also understand this is an urgent issue that we have to face and tackle immediately. However, we doubt whether the “Lantau Tomorrow Vision” can solve the problem, indeed, we worry that it will even bring us irreversible impacts.

In the past 5 months during the public land consultation, the official land task force and many civil research groups have proposed many feasible solutions for land supply. We urge the CE, for the sake of sustainable development in Hong Kong and for our generations to come, suspend the “Lantau Tomorrow Vision” proposal. Let’s work together with the people for a better Hong Kong and bring hopes to our future.

：
Chan Yin Lun Jeremy, Tseung Wai Ki, Lai Ho Wing, Lam Wing Yan, Chan Kit Wah Eva, Lam Tsz Kwan, Lau Hoi Ying, Kwan Siu Lun, Chang Ping Hung, Ngo Tsz Kei, Lai Wing Fung, Wong Chi Kwan, Paul Zimmerman, Chan Yuen King Paul, Gavin Coates, Lau Siu Hay Derek, Wong Ching Lok Christopher, Chan Yiu Kwan, Lui Man

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姚松炎 Edward Yiu

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#1. Housing situation and housing supply in Hong Kong

Many families who cannot afford to be sole tenants in private residential units on a long-term basis can only rent subdivided units (“SDUs”) ( ...

#2. Private Housing Supply in the Primary Market

Private Housing Supply in the Primary Market ... Records and Sale Information) · Hong Kong Monetary Authority (Residential Mortgage Survey Results).

#3. Housing supply target reviewed - news.gov.hk

The Government's 10-year housing supply target will remain unchanged at 430,000 units, while the public to private flat ratio of 70:30 will ...

#4. Land and Housing | Policy Research & Advocacy Series

Our Hong Kong Foundation is launching its latest exclusive annual forecast on housing supply. We intend to help members of the public stay ...

#5. (PDF) What do we know about housing supply? The case of ...

This paper relates the macroeconomy with the housing market of Hong Kong and argues that the housing supply plays a vital role in explaining the phenomenon.

#6. Actual Public Housing Production | Hong Kong Housing ...

(3) Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, about 7 600 public rental housing (PRH) flats originally scheduled for completion in end of 2022/23 was delayed by about ...

#7. Housing and Property - C&SD

Newly completed residential flats ('000). 7.8. 7.8 ; - Public rental housing units. 0.0. 0.3 ; - Subsidised sale flats. 3.3. 2.9 ; - Private domestic units. 4.5.

#8. Boosting Hong Kong's housing supply must not come at the ...

Boosting Hong Kong's housing supply must not come at the expense of subdivided flat residents. The government's proposal to lower the threshold ...

#9. What Caused Hong Kong's Housing Crisis? - Michael B. Wong

Unresponsive public-sector rents mean that low-end private housing prices in Hong. Kong are extremely sensitive to housing demand and supply conditions.

#10. Hong Kong: The Facts - Housing (2022 Jul) - GovHK

The. Government has identified the 350 hectare of land required for providing 330 000 public housing units, which can meet the public housing supply target of ...

#11. What are the options to improve housing affordability in Hong ...

Long-term and sustainable housing options for low and very low-income households are limited by the shortage of land supply in Hong Kong.

#12. What do we know about Housing Supply? The case of Hong ...

Abstract. The house price in Hong Kong is well-known to be "unaffordable." This paper relates the macroeconomy and the housing market of ...

#13. Supply and Demand Factors in Housing | Hong Kong Land for ...

Hong Kong's increasingly prosperous community had developed diverse housing and property investment needs. When shortages occur today, they are no longer ...

#14. 70% of Hong Kong's housing supply is either subsidized or a ...

70% of Hong Kong's housing supply is either subsidized or a small unit · For the five-year period from 2017 to 2021, Hong Kong built about ...

#15. Effects of Restrictive Land Supply on Housing in Hong Kong

land sales are incorporated in both housing demand and supply. The results show that supply restrictions in Hong Kong have caused higher housing.

#16. Why is the Hong Kong housing market unaffordable ... - 中央銀行

Thus, it is not surprising that the house price of Hong Kong would be high. Yet the housing supply does not increase enough to meet the growing demand. Figure.

#17. Two essential things to solve HK's housing supply crisis

How to boost the supply has been the most discussed question when it comes to land and housing in Hong Kong. Earlier this year, we published ...

#18. Hong Kong public housing: increased land supply and ...

The shortfall in Hong Kong's public housing supply is expected to drop in the next 10 years because of an increase in land supply and reduced demand, ...

#19. Easing the housing burden - Chinadaily.com.cn

The widening gap between supply and demand is the main culprit hamstringing low-income families' struggle for decent apartments. Hong Kong's ...

#20. Housing supply to improve, says think tank - RTHK News

In its annual report released on Thursday, the Our Hong Kong Foundation said the average wait for public housing, which currently stands at 5.5 ...

#21. Land-Supply Restrictions, Developer Strategies and Housing ...

The Hong Kong residential market is unique in several aspects: restricted land supply, high price volatility, high appreciation rate, a small group of.

#22. Policy Address | The Chief Executive's 2022 Policy Address

Housing : Enhancing Quantity, Speed, Efficiency and Quality. Public Housing Supply. 64. We will work closely with the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HKHA) and ...

#23. Public housing in Hong Kong - Wikipedia

The Government updated the long term housing supply target to 480 000 units for the ten-year period from 2015/16 to 2024/25. Among them, the target for PRH is ...

#24. Piled-up new housing supply will take 5.4 years to digest

HONG KONG, January 10, 2023 – The primary market has a total of 79,000 new homes available, which may take about 5.4 years for developers to ...

#25. The Hong Kong 2023-24 budget | Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner

REAL ESTATE SECTOR HIGHLIGHTS. Land Supply. A precise offering. The Government Land Sale Programme in 2023-24 will include the sale of 12 ...

#26. Hong Kong to increase land supply, provide 330000 public ...

6 (Xinhua) -- Hong Kong will take multi-pronged measures to increase the supply of residential units and land to address the chronic housing ...

#27. Hong Kong Struggles to Tame a Long-Simmering Housing ...

With public housing scarce, the city's poorest residents face increasingly unhealthy living conditions in tiny apartments and sweltering ...

#28. Examining informal housing supply through rent gap analysis

The proliferation of informal housing in Hong Kong raises both housing and welfare policy concerns. In 2016, SDUs accommodated 91,787 households, ...

#29. supply of housing - Linguee | 中英词典（更多其他语言）

大量翻译例句关于"supply of housing" – 英中词典以及8百万条中文译文例句搜索。 ... duty-bound to tackle the problem of inadequate housing supply in Hong Kong.

#30. Land and Housing - The 2022-23 Budget

Land and Housing Supply. 13 residential sites under the 2022/23 Land Sale Programme, railway property development, private development and ...

#31. 10-Year Supply Forecast of Developable Land (1322) - DEVB

The land supply of over 7,000 hectares (ha) as proposed in the final report of the “Hong Kong 2030+ : Towards a Planning Vision and Strategy ...

#32. The Case of the Hong Kong Housing Market

Thus, by improving housing availability and thereby increasing housing supply elasticity, this could effectively decrease housing price volatility. Keywords.

#33. Housing is the foundation of people's livelihood

Land supply and housing are the most severe problems for Hong Kong. Due to its large population but limited land, Hong Kong has long been plagued by land ...

#34. The Long-Lasting Housing Problems in Hong Kong

The Long-Lasting Housing Problems in Hong Kong : A Political-Economic Explanation and ... the issue include progressively increasing public housing supply, ...

#35. 1 Hong Kong has been faced with property market ups and ...

supply and housing prices in Hong Kong; how the “land-use planning system and constraints” influence land supply in general and the residential property ...

#36. Effects of land policies and development strategies on housing

The objective of this thesis is to investigate the effects of land supply on housing prices in Hong Kong. Studies will be carried out to define whether ...

#37. What do we know about housing supply? The case of Hong ...

The house price in the Hong Kong SAR of China is well-known to be 'unaffordable'. This paper relates the macroeconomy with the housing market of Hong Kong ...

#38. Hong Kong policy address 2022 – A quest for talent, public ...

Real Estate · Talent Trawl · Land Supply · Northern Metropolis · Urban Renewal · Public Housing · Transitional Housing · Tenancy Control on Subdivided ...

#39. Hong Kong Policy Address: John Lee vows 30000 new public ...

Chief Executive John Lee has announced plans to increase the supply of public housing units available in the next five years.

#40. relationship between the land-use planning system , land ...

Hong Kong has been faced with property market ups and downs for many reasons over the past ten years or so. It once experienced shortages of housing supply, ...

#41. WHAT DRIVES PROPERTY PRICES IN HONG KONG?

growth in public housing supply. The fair value dropped following the Asian financial crisis, as economic activity contracted, real interest rates rose, and.

#42. Relationship between the land-use planning system, land ...

Hong Kong has been faced with property market ups and downs for many reasons over the past ten years or so. It once experienced shortages of housing supply, ...

#43. Economic analysis of Housing Market in Hong Kong

Third, we will analyse and evaluate two policies available to the HKSAR Government in adjusting the supply of domestic housing market. We conclude that for the ...

#44. The Unstoppable Housing Market in Hong Kong

With such low supply and high demand of living space, Hong Kong's housing prices almost have no chance to come down.

#45. Hong Kong's Proposed Vacancy Tax and its Implications

The root of the housing problem is not unsold flats, but the chronic shortage in housing supply. Even if developers choose not to hoard the ...

#46. Granger Causality Analysis of Land Supply and Housing ...

Our dataset consists of the new residential housing supply estimated from the Government land sale and the private housing prices in Hong Kong. The dataset runs ...

#47. Housing and Land

livelihood issues in Hong Kong. The crux of the housing problem lies with inadequate supply. The Government is determined to solve the problem at source by ...

#48. Hong Kong Housing Starts Dropped 33% in 2017 After 2016 ...

Although the decline may be seen as a worrying sign of an intensifying housing crunch, some analysts argue that the city's housing supply is ...

#49. Key takeaways from Hong Kong's annual policy address

... of northern Hong Kong. The authorities will not pursue radically different approaches to increasing the supply of residential land, ...

#50. Hong Kong 2030+: Towards A Planning Vision and Strategy ...

Under the Hong Kong 2030+, a comprehensive land requirement and supply analysis for various land uses, including economic uses, housing, and.

#51. Trends in residential developments in Hong Kong - RLB

For the past decades, the Hong Kong private residential sector has focused on offering small flats to address the housing supply and demand ...

#52. The Case of the Hong Kong Housing Market - IDEAS/RePEc

Downloadable! Housing prices in Hong Kong have gained international attention. This study suggests that the housing supply may be insufficient.

#53. The Window Is Closing to Get a Deal as Hong Kong's Home ...

While Hong Kong's lack of space and limited housing supply will support property prices in the long term, the immediate rental yields for ...

#54. Without a policy rethink, Hong Kong home prices may go wild ...

Hong Kong's residential property market has. ... The Hong Kong property market's supply-demand gap remains unresolved.

#55. Hong Kong's Housing Problem - Trade Finance Global

In 2018, the housing price to income ration in Hong Kong is 20.9, ... government started cutting down the supply of land and public housing.

#56. Hong Kong govt to build over 10000 light public housing units ...

The move is aimed to fill the short-term gap in public housing supply and improve the conditions of people living in inadequate housing. Wang ...

#57. Using Kai Tak's land for housing will steady the office sector ...

Slower supply gives Kowloon's market a breather before mainland recovers. Hong Kong needs to fill the short-term public housing supply gap as ...

#58. Policy Address 2022 to Boost Quantity, Speed, Efficiency and ...

The Government will also work closely with the Hong Kong Housing ... it is hoped that the overall supply will exceed projected demand.

#59. Assessing economic, social and environmental impacts on ...

Given Hong Kong's unique high-density urban environment and limited ... the impact of supply-side shock on housing price in Hong Kong may be ...

#60. Hong Kong property prices unlikely to see major drop despite ...

Looking at the current state of Hong Kong's economy, ... real estate executive says Hong Kong's housing market is “not looking good.

#61. Should the Hong Kong government continue to build public ...

The private market housing and rental system is a little unbalanced right now, so as well as more government housing, the supplies of private housing also need ...

#62. It is the right time to tackle housing woes in Hong Kong ...

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) has planned to build a new district in its northern region to increase housing supply, ...

#63. Hong Kong's housing target: supply 430000 units in 10 years

squarefoot Property Hit News: Hong Kong's housing target: supply 430000 ... The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government announced ...

#64. Housing Policies in Hong Kong, China and the People's ...

Both markets face housing affordability problems due to limited land supply, for which the solutions vary considerably. Hong Kong, China has adopted a.

#65. Housing chief says 3-year target over public housing waiting ...

Hong Kong's housing chief said on Monday that the waiting time target of ... larger supply of public housing flats in the New Territories, ...

#66. How Might Hong Kong's Government Cooperate with ...

... models in providing more affordable homes for Hong Kong residents. ... Government Cooperate with Developers to Solve Housing Supply?

#67. Housing challenges in Hong Kong's dualistic housing system

Apart from the short supply of land and housing, are other housing challenges facing Hong Kong today? Is a housing demand projection model driven by ...

#68. Disentangling Housing Supply to Shift towards Smart Cities

The present article reviews empirical studies on housing supply for a better ... applications of game theory to the housing market, especially in Hong Kong.

#69. What's stopping Hong Kong from fixing its housing crisis?

Ip said the shortage of land and housing is getting worse, and Hong Kong is caught in three “fast knots” — the low supply of “ready-made ...

#70. Why housing price in Hong Kong? An explanation in game ...

(1994) Effects of restrictive land supply on housing in Hong Kong: an econometric analysis, Journal of Housing Research, 5(2), 263-291. Peng, R.

#71. Hong Kong Govt Promises 30,000 Light Public Housing Units ...

The plan will increase Hong Kong's public housing supply by 25 per cent, with an aim to reduce waiting times to 4.5 years within four years, ...

#72. New Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Can Effectively ...

Despite being a member of the Task Force on Land Supply, ... It is as if the real estate market in Hong Kong is driven by real estate ...

#73. Chapter 12: Housing - Hong Kong Yearbook 2021

The public housing supply target is 301,000 units, comprising 210,000 PRH/GSH flats and 91,000 Other SSFs, while the private housing supply target is 129,000 ...

#74. Public Engagement on Land Supply

Submission by The Real Estate Developers Association of Hong Kong. Contents ... about additional and substantial early housing supply; however, we are of.

#75. Policy-Driven Housing Cycle: The Hong Kong Case of Supply ...

(2016) examine the causal relation between government land supply and housing prices in Hong Kong and find that there is no causality between the two variables ...

#76. Hong Kong struggles to tame a long-simmering housing crisis ...

Of all the world's housing crises, Hong Kong's may be the most ... for the Hong Kong Housing Bureau said that increasing land supply and ...

#77. Housing supply crisis awaits Hong Kong in next three… - Inkl

Both public and private housing supply in Hong Kong will plunge off what a think tank has described as a “supply cliff” in the next three to four years, ...

#78. Henderson Land targets bigger role in tackling Hong Kong's ...

Hong Kong's new leader, John Lee, said he would be "pragmatic" in increasing land and housing supply, responding to Chinese President Xi ...

#79. Why is Hong Kong housing so expensive? | CNBC Explains

Hong Kong consistently ranks as the world's most expensive housing market. CNBC's Uptin Saiidi explains why.

#80. PRESS RELEASE - IRD

Meanwhile, among residential property transactions where buyers were Hong Kong permanent residents (HKPRs), 97 per cent of the cases involved ...

#81. Official: HK to strive to increase public housing supply

LegCo member Doreen Kong Yuk-foon had stated in her query that a number of public rental housing tenants have complained that flats under the ...

#82. Housing price and transaction intensity correlation in Hong Kong

More specifically, housing market with inelastic supply nature will tend to observe Granger causality between housing price and transaction ...

#83. How many years will take a Hongkonger to buy a home?

The deterioration of Hong Kong's housing affordability last year was ... why Hong Kong government is determined to increase housing supply ...

#84. The driving forces behind the recent housing market ...

the significant decline of housing prices in 1997, Hong Kong's economy ... housing supply in the near future made people believe the housing prices would be.

#85. Cubicles as homes: Can Hong Kong solve its housing issues?

Hong Kong's new chief executive John Lee has made housing a key priority, appointing two task forces to look into housing and land supply ...

#86. Hong Kong's housing crisis - USC Economics Review

The Hong Kong government is deeply involved in the housing market, ... Firstly, increasing housing supply following World War II was ...

#87. Housing Affordability for the Next Generation

housing prices in Hong Kong need to be considered. Beyond the issue of inadequate land supply, there are several factors that contribute to the ineffectiveness ...

#88. Government Land Supply and Housing Prices in Hong Kong

Land supply and housing prices in Hong Kong: The political economy of urban land policy. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, ...

#89. Public Housing in the Global Cities: Hong Kong and ...

more flexible or "elastic" land and housing supply with concentrated state influence. The. HONG KONG. SINGAPORE. Social-welfare policy.

#90. Hong Kong works to resolve housing shortage by developing ...

Hong Kong has been ranked as the world's least affordable housing market ... of short supply and a lack of good-quality land for housing.

#91. Why is the Hong Kong Housing Market Unaffordable? Some ...

housing supply of Hong Kong, adjusted for the existing stock, decreases over time and is below 2% since 2005, while the real house price displays a clear ...

#92. Are artificial islands the answer to Hong Kong's housing crisis?

“Reclamation is unavoidable,” Hong Kong's leader, Carrie Lam, told journalists in a Q&A session on land supply last year. “In the long term, ...

#93. Understanding Hong Kong's housing crisis - The Borgen Project

However, the supply cannot keep up with the demand. Many attribute the housing crisis in Hong Kong to the government's decision to halt ...

#94. Housing Market in Hong Kong - The Unassuming Economist

Housing supply has increased on average since 2015 with the implementation of the government's Long-term Housing Strategy and the Hong Kong ...

#95. Understanding Hong Kong's Housing Woes - SOAS China ...

At the same time, the Hong Kong Government's monopoly control over the supply of land had set the clearing price in the housing market at a ...

#96. Solving Hong Kong's housing affordability problem

Reduced housing supply and stringent policies on non-elderly single applicants of public rental housing have worsened homelessness and pushed ...

#97. Hong Kong vs. Singapore: Can Housing Prices Be Tamed?

In contrast, Hong Kong's progress in this area has stagnated, leading to a large, persistent housing demand-supply gap.