關於 instead oxford dictionary ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

｜Ze and Zir｜
　
今年受邀參與韓國 Asia Culture Center 的展覽《Solidarity as Spore》，主題為各種形式的愛（Love: in all its forms and inclusivity) 。2019年，台灣成為亞洲第一個同性婚姻合法化的國家，同一年，Ze 與 Zir 在 2019 年正式收錄於牛津英語辭典，將特指單一性別的 He or she 取代成中性的代名詞。作品也類比成華文的「也」，取下「他」或者「她」的性別部首符號，作為這次創作的核心理念。
　
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二元社會性別是所有性別問題的根源，當人們選擇成為伴侶、選擇衣著、選擇以一種特定形象生活時，捨棄掉性別的標籤就可以超脫目前所有的問題，我們不需要透過刻板印象來建立自我價值，自己可以隨意建立個人識別象徵而不需要參考模範，滿足任何有限的想像空間。
　
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作品呈現三幅動態視覺系列稿，同時在垂直並排的三面螢幕重複播放，它們各自擁有不同的主題。打破性別刻板印象，沒有男孩應該要做什麼，女孩應該要做什麼，呈現更自由的性別氣質與性向。女人不用一定要穿高跟鞋，男人也可以喜歡化妝。
　
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最後，一個彩色的玻璃球穿梭在各個畫面中，打破界線劃破三個螢幕的彩色玻璃球，劃破時間與空間。
　
｜Sydney Sie / Zen Yun Zon,
｜Ze and Zir, 2020. Three-channel
｜video, color, silent, 2 min.
｜Commissioned by Asia Culture
｜Center; courtesy of the artist.
｜Special Thanks: 親愛的 Aaron Nieh (✾♛‿♛) 聶永真 Aaron Nieh / Elise Chen
　
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If there were no genders, it should not cause any troubles to say “ze has loved cars since childhood”, “ze dreams to become a ballet dancer”, or “ze loves zir deeply and wants to spend zir life with zir”.
　
Gender binary is the source of all gender troubles. If people could choose to become partners, how to dress and how to present themselves in life without gender labels, then we no longer need to establish self-value by conforming to gender stereotypes. An individual could build a personal image freely without referring to gender roles and instead according to their unlimited imagination.
　
Taiwan became the first country in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage in 2019. In the same year, the Oxford English Dictionary update included gender-neutral third-person pronouns Ze and Zir. With a similar spirit, we experiment with removing the radicals of Chinese characters “他(he)”/“她(she)”, reinventing the character “也” as the potential gender-neutral pronoun and using it as the core concept of this creative project.
　
The work consists of three moving posters, which will be displayed in loop on three aligned, vertical screens, each with a different theme. We incorporate elements of gender stereotypes in these images while seeking to break the traditional gender framework through a visual dynamic, as well as to discover more freedom in gender expression. There is no “should”; women don’t need to wear heels and men can enjoy putting on makeup.
　
Lastly, a colorful glass ball travels through the images on the screens, metaphorically crossing the boundaries of time and space.
　
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● Solidarity as Spore
● Dates: May 14–October 25, 2020 (opening May 13)
● Venue: Asia Culture Center (https://new.acc.go.kr), Gwangju, South Korea
● Organized by: Asia Culture Institute (​http://aci-k.kr​) and Asia Culture Canter
● Artistic director: Kim Sung Won
● Contributing curators: Bojana Piškur, Vali Mahlouji, Museo de la Solidaridad
Salvador Allende, Sulki and Min, Goto Tetsuya, Kim Seong Hee, and Seo Dongjin
● Overarching theme: history of Non-Aligned Movement and its relevance to the
contemporary artistic practice in Asia
　
Section Participants
● Bae Minkee (Seoul, South Korea)
● Gideon Jamie (Singapore)
● So Hashizume (Tokyo, Japan)
● Saki Ho (Hong Kong, China)
● Hong Eunjoo (Seoul, South Korea)
● Sueh Li (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
● Scarlett Xin Meng (Shanghai, China)
● Rikako Nagashima (Tokyo, Japan)
● Nguyen Giang (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam)
● Januar Rianto (Jakarta, Indonesia)
● Shin In-ah (Seoul, South Korea)
● Sydney Sie and Zen Yun Zon (Taipei, Taiwan)
● Yui Takada (Tokyo, Japan)

Oxford Dictionaries declares ‘climate emergency’ the word of 2019

Oxford Dictionaries has declared “climate emergency” the word of the year for 2019, following a hundred-fold ( ) increase in usage that it says demonstrated a “greater immediacy ( )” in the way we talk about the climate.

Defined as “a situation in which urgent action is required to reduce or halt ( ) climate change and avoid potentially irreversible ( ) environmental damage resulting from it,” Oxford said the words soared ( ) from “relative obscurity ( )” to “one of the most prominent ( ) — and prominently debated — terms of 2019.”

According to the dictionary’s data, usage of “climate emergency” soared 10,796 percent.

Oxford said the choice was reflective ( ) of the rise in climate awareness, with the focus specifically on the language we use to discuss it. The rise of “climate emergency” reflected a conscious ( ) push toward language of immediacy and urgency, the dictionary said.

In May, the Guardian updated its style guide to clarify that “climate emergency” or “global heating” would be favored ( ) over “climate change” or “global warming” (although the original terms are not banned) to better reflect the scientific consensus ( ) that this was “a catastrophe for humanity.”

Hundreds of cities, towns and even countries have also declared “climate emergencies” during 2019 — from Scotland in April and the UK parliament ( ) in May to Canada, France and the city of Sydney in Australia.

“In 2018, climate did not feature ( ) in the top words typically used to modify emergency; instead, the top types of emergencies people wrote about were health, hospital, and family emergencies,” the selection panel ( ) said.

“But with climate emergency, we see something new, an extension ( ) of emergency to the global level.”

And for those protesting that “climate emergency” is two words, as the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s resident ( ) linguist explained in 2017, single words can consist of ( ) two parts.

Such multipart constructions, like “heart attack,” “man-of-war” or the 2017 American Dialect Society word of the year “fake news,” are commonly accepted by linguists as words.

“Climate emergency” beat the words “climate crisis,” “climate action,” “climate denial,” “extinction,” “flight shame,” “global heating” and “plant-based,” which were on the shortlist ( ).

The dictionary’s word of the year is chosen to “reflect the ethos ( ), mood, or preoccupations ( ) of the passing year” and should have “lasting potential as a term of cultural significance.”
“In 2019, climate emergency surpassed ( ) all of those other types of emergency to become the most written about emergency by a huge margin ( ), with over three times the usage frequency of health, the second-ranking word,” Oxford said.

Previous choices for word of the year include “toxic” in 2018 and “youthquake” in 2017.

「氣候緊急狀態」獲選為牛津字典二○一九年度詞彙

牛津字典宣布，二○一九年的年度詞彙為「climate emergency」（氣候緊急狀態），該詞的使用次數較之前增加了一百倍，顯示我們談論氣候時有「更大的急迫性」。

牛津字典將「climate emergency」定義為「需要採取緊急行動來應對的狀況，以減低或阻止氣候變化，避免其可能造成之不可逆轉的環境破壞」，該詞由「相對冷僻」躍升成為「二○一九年最突出及討論度最高的詞彙」。

根據牛津字典的數據，「climate emergency」的使用次數暴增了百分之一萬零七百九十六。

牛津字典表示，選擇該詞不僅是反映氣候意識的抬頭，所著重的更是我們討論它時所用的語言；「climate emergency」一詞的興起，反映了語言朝向立即性和緊迫性的有意識推進。

英國《衛報》在五月更新了格式手冊，說明應優先選擇「climate emergency」或「global heating」（全球熱化）這些詞彙，而非原本的「climate change」（氣候變化）或「global warming」（全球暖化）（雖然這些術語並未禁用），以便更能夠反映科學上的共識──這是「a catastrophe for humanity」（人類的災難）。

在二○一九年，有數百個城市、城鎮甚至國家宣布進入「氣候緊急狀態」──蘇格蘭在四月、英國議會在五月，還有加拿大、法國乃至澳洲的雪梨市。

詞彙評選小組表示：「二○一八年，『climate』一字通常並不用來修飾『emergency』這個字。人們用來修飾『emergency』的字主要是「health」（健康）、「hospital」（醫院）和「family」（家庭）」。

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師
#時事英文

Oxford Dictionaries declares ‘climate emergency’ the word of 2019

Oxford Dictionaries has declared “climate emergency” the word of the year for 2019, following a hundred-fold ( ) increase in usage that it says demonstrated a “greater immediacy ( )” in the way we talk about the climate.

Defined as “a situation in which urgent action is required to reduce or halt ( ) climate change and avoid potentially irreversible ( ) environmental damage resulting from ( ) it,” Oxford said the words soared ( ) from “relative obscurity ( )” to “one of the most prominent ( ) — and prominently debated — terms ( ) of 2019.”

According to the dictionary’s data, usage of “climate emergency” soared 10,796 percent.

Oxford said the choice was reflective of the rise in climate awareness, with the focus specifically on the language we use to discuss it. The rise of “climate emergency” reflected a conscious push toward language of immediacy and urgency, the dictionary said.

In May, the Guardian updated its style guide to clarify that “climate emergency” or “global heating” would be favored ( ) over “climate change” or “global warming” (although the original terms are not banned) to better reflect the scientific consensus ( ) that this was “a catastrophe for humanity.”

Hundreds of cities, towns and even countries have also declared “climate emergencies” during 2019 — from Scotland in April and the UK parliament in May to Canada, France and the city of Sydney in Australia.

“In 2018, climate did not feature in the top words typically used to modify emergency, instead the top types of emergencies people wrote about were health, hospital, and family emergencies,” the selection panel said.

“But with climate emergency, we see something new, an extension of emergency to the global level.”

And for those protesting that “climate emergency” is two words, as the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s resident linguist explained in 2017, single words can consist of two parts.

Such multipart constructions, like “heart attack,” “man-of-war” or the 2017 American Dialect Society word of the year “fake news,” are commonly accepted by linguists as words.

“Climate emergency” beat the words “climate crisis,” “climate action,” “climate denial,” “extinction,” “flight shame,” “global heating” and “plant-based,” which were on the shortlist.

The dictionary’s word of the year is chosen to “reflect the ethos, mood, or preoccupations of the passing year” and should have “lasting potential as a term of cultural significance.”

“In 2019, climate emergency surpassed all of those other types of emergency to become the most written about emergency by a huge margin, with over three times the usage frequency of health, the second-ranking word,” Oxford said.

Previous choices for word of the year include “toxic” in 2018 and “youthquake” in 2017.

牛津字典二○一九年度詞彙：「氣候緊急狀態」

牛津字典宣布，二○一九年的年度詞彙為「climate emergency」（氣候緊急狀態），該詞的使用次數較之前增加了一百倍，顯示我們談論氣候時有「更大的急迫性」。

牛津字典將「climate emergency」定義為「需要採取緊急行動來應對的狀況，以減低或阻止氣候變化，避免其可能造成之不可逆轉的環境破壞」，該詞由「相對冷僻」躍升成為「二○一九年最突出及討論度最高的詞彙」。

根據牛津字典的數據，「climate emergency」的使用次數暴增了百分之一萬零七百九十六。

牛津字典表示，選擇該詞不僅是反映氣候意識的抬頭，所著重的更是我們討論它時所用的語言；「climate emergency」一詞的興起，反映了語言朝向立即性和緊迫性的有意識推進。

英國《衛報》在五月更新了格式手冊，說明應優先選擇「climate emergency」或「global heating」（全球熱化）這些詞彙，而非原本的「climate change」（氣候變化）或「global warming」（全球暖化）（雖然這些術語並未禁用），以便更能夠反映科學上的共識──這是「a catastrophe for humanity」（人類的災難）。

在二○一九年，有數百個城市、城鎮甚至國家宣布進入「氣候緊急狀態」──蘇格蘭在四月、英國議會在五月，還有加拿大、法國乃至澳洲的雪梨市。

詞彙評選小組表示：「二○一八年，『climate』一字通常並不用來修飾『emergency』這個字。人們用來修飾『emergency』的字主要是「health」（健康）、「hospital」（醫院）和「family」（家庭）」。

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師
#時事英文