【冬季特輯】~ 滑雪&雪板 常見的受傷部位
滑雪 (Ski) 及 雪板 (Snowboard) 是目前常見的雪地運動。
滑雪的歷史悠久,有上千年了,一直到西元1767年,才第一次在挪威成為競技的項目;廣為人知,則一直要到西元1932年的冬季奧運了。
依據之前的統計資料,受傷的比率為3/1000 (滑雪人-天,skier-days),算是高受傷率的運動項目。隨著器材的進步,原本受傷最大宗的腳踝 (於1970年代的統計,占受傷原因的92%),變成了膝蓋及脛骨。
雪板則是較新開始的運動項目,於西元1970年代開始出現,在1980年代開始成為競技的項目。因為看起來帥,而且刺激,在青少年學習的比率很快就超越了滑雪。
然而,雪板的受傷,在上肢受傷的機率是滑雪的2倍;骨折的機率,也是滑雪的2倍。
《滑雪受傷部位》
※ 第一名:膝蓋
在成人,占滑雪受傷成因的1/3
在兒童及青少年,則占1/6
主要為內側側韌帶 (Medial collateral ligament, MCL) 受傷,占所有滑雪受傷成因的20~25%
※ 近端脛骨骨折 (Proximal tibia fracture, The boot top fracture)
※ 手部的尺側附屬韌帶 (Ulnar collateral ligament, UCL)
常合併撕裂性骨折 (Avulsion fracture),主要成因為雪杖對手部的衝擊,特別容易發生在高山滑雪者 (Alpine skier)。
《雪板受傷部位》
※ 第一名:手腕
占雪板受傷成因的21.6%,其中又有78%為骨折,常見為舟狀骨 (Scaphoid bone)。造成主因為往後跌倒時,使用手先去撐地所致。
※ 腳踝的距骨外側突起 (Lateral process of the talus, LPT) 骨折
這個部位的骨折不常見,大部分都在雪板運動員中發生,也是比較容易看漏的骨折種類;如果在從事雪板運動後,長時間有踝關節不適的狀況,請找骨科醫師並告知運動史,以利診斷。
《其他部位》
※ 肩部受傷:占Ski&SB受傷的4~11%
主要受傷的種類有以下四種:
1. 旋轉肌袖撕裂傷 (Rotator cuff tears)
2. 肩盂肱骨關節前脫位 (Anterior dislocation of glenohumeral joint)
3. 肩峰鎖骨關節受傷 (Acromioclavicular joint injury)
4. 鎖骨骨折 (Clavicle fracture)
※ 脊椎受傷
發生率為
0.01/1000 (滑雪人-天,skier-days)
0.04/1000 (雪板人-天,snowboarder-days)
《結語》
寫這個絕不是因為最近看大家都去滑雪了,所以眼紅詛咒他們受傷,而是看了身旁很多朋友去滑雪都帶傷回來。(其實我第一次滑雪的時候,膝蓋也扭了很大一下!)
從事任何活動都一定有其風險,只有了解它,才能好好面對它,進而避免傷害的產生。就像我第一個滑雪教練 葉啟印 說的:「滑雪的第一課就是怎麼安全地跌倒」。
希望大家都可以平安從事雪地運動,回家之後如果有身體不適,也記得跟醫師說明從事的運動項目,可以幫助診斷。
覺得有幫助,就點個讚,並分享給你有在滑雪的朋友吧!
§ 資料來源:
Deady, Luke H., and David Salonen. "Skiing and snowboarding injuries: a review with a focus on mechanism of injury." Radiologic Clinics 48.6 (2010): 1113-1124.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2010.07.005
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過15萬的網紅pennyccw,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Allen Iverson's knee is doing just fine. Iverson, playing despite left knee bursitis, had 37 points and eight assists, leading the Philadelphia 76ers...
medial collateral ligament injury 在 pennyccw Youtube 的最佳貼文
Allen Iverson's knee is doing just fine.
Iverson, playing despite left knee bursitis, had 37 points and
eight assists, leading the Philadelphia 76ers to a 91-74 victory
over the Detroit Pistons on Tuesday night.
"It's not getting any better, but it's not getting any worse,"
Iverson said. "I'm feeling the same. It keeps getting bigger. They
talked about draining it today, but I didn't let it happen."
Kenny Thomas added 16 points and 15 rebounds for Philadelphia,
which snapped a two-game losing skid and moved within two games of
Atlantic Division-leading New Jersey, the No. 1 seed in the Eastern
Conference.
Clifford Robinson had 16 points and Richard Hamilton added 14
for Detroit, which lost its fourth straight game.
The Central Division-leading Pistons entered the night 1½ games
ahead of Indiana. They trail the Nets by one game.
"They did a great job penetrating the defense," Robinson said.
"We couldn't keep Iverson in front of us and that hurt."
Philadelphia broke open a one-point game with a 9-0 run in the
second quarter. Iverson had two driving layups during the spurt and
capped it with a crisp bounce pass to Aaron McKie for an easy layup
that gave the Sixers a 41-31 lead.
A 3-pointer by Eric Snow right before the buzzer made it 54-43
at halftime, and the Sixers led by double digits the entire second
half.
"We got a chance to get home-court advantage. This was a big
step," Sixers coach Larry Brown said.
It was the Detroit's first game without All-Star forward Ben
Wallace, who sprained his left medial collateral ligament on
Sunday.
The Sixers again were without Keith Van Horn, who sat out his
second straight with a strained left foot.
"We just weren't able to keep them out of the paint," Pistons
coach Rick Carlisle said. "I'd like to say it was because Ben
wasn't in there, but we can't use that as an excuse. If you give up
52 points in the paint, you're not going to win. It's as simple as
that."
Iverson, who hasn't missed a game this season, was a game-time
decision. He said after Sunday's loss to Sacramento that he might
have to sit out down the stretch. However, Iverson was still on the
court with the Sixers leading by 20 and less than five minutes
left.
"I was just playing basketball," Iverson said. "I had the
same energy. It didn't feel any different. I was just able to make
things happen."
Iverson was 13-for-23 from the field and 11-for-13 from the foul
line. He shot just six free throws combined in his last two games
because his injury didn't allow him to drive to the basket much and
draw fouls.
The Sixers put the game away with an 8-0 run early in the
fourth. Iverson started it with a driving layup and 16-footer.
Derrick Coleman hit a 14-footer and Thomas nailed another jumper to
make it 83-60.
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