關於 native american population ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Northwest's Salmon Population May Be Running Out of Time

A Washington state report put it bluntly ( ): Because of the devastating ( ) effects of climate change and deteriorating ( ) habitats ( ), several species of salmon in the Pacific Northwest are “on the brink of ( ) extinction ( ).”

Of the 14 species of salmon and steelhead trout in Washington state that have been deemed ( ) endangered ( ) and are protected under the Endangered Species Act, 10 are lagging ( ) recovery goals, and five are considered “in crisis,” according to the 2020 State of Salmon in Watersheds report.

“Time is running out,” said the report, which is produced every other year ( ) by the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “The climate is changing, rivers are warming, habitat is diminishing ( ), and the natural systems that support salmon in the Pacific Northwest need help now more than ever.”

Researchers say recovery efforts — involving state and federal agencies, Native American tribes, local conservation groups and others — have helped slow the decline of some salmon populations. The report found that two species — the Hood Canal summer chum and Snake River fall chinook — were approaching ( ) their recovery goals. It also noted that no new salmon species had been added to the endangered list since 2007.

“We are at least treading water,” said Kaleen Cottingham, director of the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “We have not, however, seen the kind of progress ( ) that we had hoped for.”

With the effects of climate change expected to accelerate ( ), researchers said that more must be done to prevent further population decline and the possible extinction of some species.

Salmon play a vital ( ) role in the environment, economy and culture of the Pacific Northwest. At least 138 species depend on salmon for their food in some way. Salmon support an estimated ( ) 16,000 jobs in the fishing industry, and they are a draw ( ) for tourists.

Before the 20th century, an estimated 10 million to 16 million adult salmon and steelhead trout returned annually to the Columbia River system. The current return of wild fish is 2% of that.
One of the largest factors inhibiting salmon recovery is habitat loss. A growing human population has led to development along the shoreline and the addition of bulkheads, or sea walls, that encroach ( ) on beaches where salmon generally find insects and other food. More pavement ( ) and hard surfaces have contributed to an increase in toxic stormwater runoff ( ) that pollutes Puget Sound.

美國西北部鮭魚 陷瀕臨絕種危機

華盛頓州一篇報告直截了當指出，由於氣候變遷跟棲地劣化的毀滅性影響， 美國西北部有數種鮭魚「瀕臨滅絕」。

根據《2020年水域內鮭魚狀況報告》，華盛頓州有14種鮭魚和虹鱒被認定為瀕危物種，並受到《瀕危物種法》保護，其中10種復育進度未能達標，有5種更被認定「處於危機之中」。

這份由華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室兩年發表一次的報告說：「時間不多了。氣候正在改變，河流水溫正在升高，棲地正在減少，供養美國西北部鮭魚生存的自然系統，如今比以往任何時候都更需要幫助。」

研究人員說，由州與聯邦機構、美國原住民部落、地方保育組織和其他機構共同參與的復育行動，緩和了一些鮭魚數量的減少。報告中發現胡德運河夏天的鉤吻鮭與蛇河秋天的帝王鮭兩種鮭魚，復育正接近目標。報告還指出，自2007年以來沒有新的鮭魚種列入瀕危名單。

華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室主任Kaleen Cottingham說：「我們至少勉強穩住了情況，但我們沒有看到我們所期望的進展。」

研究人員表示，氣候變遷的影響料將加速，必須更加努力以防止鮭魚數量進一步減少和一些魚種的滅絕。

鮭魚在美國西北部環境、經濟與文化中扮演至關重要角色。在某種程度上，至少有138個物種以鮭魚為食。鮭魚為漁業提供約1萬6千個工作，並吸引大量遊客。

20世紀以前，估計每年有1000萬到1600萬成年鮭魚和虹鱒回到哥倫比亞河水系。目前返回的野生鮭魚數量只有這個數字的2％。
阻礙鮭魚復育的最大原因之一為棲地喪失，不斷成長的人口導致海岸沿線的開發，加上隔板或海堤的增加，這些侵占了鮭魚平常尋找昆蟲及其他食物的海灘。更多的鋪裝路面和堅硬的地面導致有毒雨水流量的增加，進而汙染了普吉特海灣。

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師

June 12th 2018
Dear Mrs. Royce, Assistant Secretary of State:

It is a great pleasure to welcome you to Taiwan Province of China. However, we would like to make my stand very clear that any encouragement on your part for the current DDP administration to further drift away from China will be wrong and thus unwelcomed. Pursuing the path of Taiwan independence will only create confrontation between Taiwan and the Mainland, and put people from both sides in a precarious position.

This statement may come as a surprise to you or sound like an exaggeration, but historical precedents prove valid my point. Take Vietnam as an example. In 1954, upon the French surrender in Diên Biên Phu, Vietnam was about to be unified after long term division. For its own strategic interest in Asia, however, the American government forcefully interfered and pitted the puppet Southern Vietnam government against the Democratize Republic of Vietnam. Consequently, Vietnam suffered from two decades of brutal civil war, with millions of lives perished on both sides. Additionally, more than 50,000 young Americans died on foreign soil for their government’s reckless political move. As a result, antiwar cries roared in the United States and unsettled American society for decades. The American government eventually regretted its involvement in Vietnam and withdrew, leaving the souls of millions of died Vietnamese forever lingering in their ruined motherland.

Moreover, as the self-branded “world police,” the American government acted like a bully and gained every inch of its territory in dishonorable ways. It took the land from native Americans through genocide, seized much of Mexico through war, and then expanded into the Pacific with the annexation of Hawaii. Now, the United States has set its eyes on the West Pacific and plots to put the vast ocean under its control. For this purpose, it tries to block China’s access to the Pacific through East China Sea by maneuvering the Ryukyu islands and Taiwan.

Ryukyu used to be a peaceful small kingdom between China and Japan. Japan annexed Ryukyu islands in the 19th century, turning it into as a military base for further encroachment into China and Southeast Asia. When trying to bring the Pacific War to an end and force Japan to surrender, the Americans launched the Okinawa campaign, resulting in the loss of a quarter of Ryukyuan population. The American government is now doing exactly what imperial Japan had done in Ryukyu by setting up a military base there and putting Ryukyu again in a political hot zone. Is the United States going to make people in Ryukyu relive the tragedy of the Battle of Okinawa? Please convey the message to your government: withdraw from Ryukyu and spare the innocent people there!

As for Taiwan, only peaceful reunification with Mainland will guarantee its long term safety, stability, and wellbeing of its people. If the American government, for its own interest, supports the separatist government in Taiwan and provokes further conflicts with Mainland , people are going to suffer, and Taiwan will be in great danger. How can you expect such a gloomy scenario to not incur tremendous loss on your own nation?

As the most populous nation with the longest continuous civilization, China is at a glorious moment of national rejuvenation. It has ushered in an era of peace and prosperity, and unification
of Taiwan with the Mainland is the destined future. Any forceful resistance to this destiny is not
only to no avail, but also deliberately puts numerous innocent lives in great risk. The wounds in Vietnam are still fresh. Please do not repeat the mistake in the past, and stop your wrong policy in Taiwan before it is too late!

Best Regards

Chinese Unification Party