關於 nobel by university ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

「愛台灣，我的選擇」系列第二發

「我就是在台灣找到了《靈山》的中文版，這本書的作者是第一個榮獲諾貝爾獎的華人[高行健]，但中國從來沒有真正承認過這個得主。做為一個經濟官，我們大概知道優秀的合作夥伴要具備什麼特質。的確，美台之間也許有些貿易障礙，但就整個台灣經濟體系的價值觀而言，以及像美國一樣作為一個開放的民主社會，能有這樣的合作夥伴對我的工作來說是非常珍貴的。台灣政府充分響應民意，並奠基了創新創業和知識自由的基礎，就是這樣的知識自由有助於建立知識型社會及知識型經濟，台灣、美國就是很好的例子。在台灣這樣允許言論自由、反覆試驗不怕失敗的環境下，研發才得以存在並精進，相反的，沒有這些自由就沒有好的研發。派駐台灣可說是我經濟官職涯中的亮點，而且，比起其他我去過的地方，台灣人民真的非常友善，也非常尊重他人。」安恬（Dannielle Andrews）美國在台協會經濟組組長。

＊安恬女士來台之前，曾擔任美國國務院法律事務局區域全球功能事務辦公室代理副助卿。她於2017年6月以優異成績畢業於美國國防大學，取得國家戰爭學院國家安全戰略碩士學位，以及資訊網路空間學院網路安全證書。安恬女士於2002年加入國務院，並曾任職於美國駐瀋陽總領事館、美國駐巴西巴西利亞大使館，以及美國駐迦納阿克拉大使館。她也曾先後於美國國務院擔任中國暨蒙古事務辦公室經濟組組長，核能風險降低中心資深觀察官，以及經濟暨商業事務局助理。在加入國務院之前，安恬女士曾於加州總體經濟研究公司擔任研究員及客戶關係主管；她也在巴西、中國和迦納積極參與志工活動。安恬女士先後取得維吉尼亞州威廉斯堡威廉與瑪麗學院學士學位，以及德州大學奧斯汀分校碩士學位。她通曉葡萄牙語、中文、俄語及西班牙語。#WhyIChoseTaiwan #愛台灣我的選擇 #RealFriendsRealProgress #美台關係 #真朋友真進展

Why I Chose Taiwan #2

“It’s here in Taiwan that I got a version of 靈山, which was written by a PRC author who the Chinese have never actually acknowledged as the first Chinese person to win a Nobel prize for literature...As an econ officer, we all kinda know who the great partners are. Yes, there are some barriers to trade between the U.S. and Taiwan, but in terms of the overall value of the economic system and to Taiwan having a society like ours, it’s invaluable to my work. Taiwan is responsive to its citizenry, which lays the foundation for entrepreneurship and intellectual freedom. Intellectual freedom is what helps build knowledge-based societies and knowledge-based economies, like Taiwan’s, like the United States’. Research and Development, exist and are perfected in places like this, not in places where you aren’t allowed to express freely what is tested, failed, tested again. I already know that this is the highlight of my economic officer career. Also, the kindness and respect for your fellow human being that I found here more than anywhere else that I’ve been when I’ve traveled around.” Dannielle Andrews, AIT’s Economic Section Chief.

Prior to her arrival in Taiwan, Ms. Andrews served as Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Office of Regional, Global, and Functional Affairs in the Department of State’s Bureau of Legislative Affairs. She graduated with honors in June 2017 with a Master of Science in National Security Strategy from the National War College and a certification in CyberSecurity from the College of Information and Cyber Space at the National Defense University.

Taxing the rich to fund welfare is Nobel winner’s growth mantra

How do you spur ( ) demand in an economy? By raising direct taxes and distributing the money among the poor, says this year’s winner of the Nobel prize for economics.

Reducing taxes to boost ( ) investments is a myth ( ) spread by businesses, says Abhijit Banerjee, who won the prize along with Esther Duflo of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Michael Kremer of Harvard University for their approach to alleviating ( ) global poverty. “You are giving incentives ( ) to the rich who are already sitting on tons of cash.”

Countries from China to India to Indonesia are slashing ( ) taxes for businesses to spur growth amid a gloomy ( ) outlook ( ) for global economic expansion. The International Monetary Fund last month made a fifth-straight cut to its 2019 global growth forecast, pegging ( ) it at 3 percent.

“You don’t boost growth by cutting taxes, you do that by giving money to people,” Banerjee said in an interview on Oct. 21, suggesting that cash in the hands of the poor will drive consumption ( ). “Investment will respond to demand.”

China earlier this year rolled out ( ) tax cuts worth US$280 billion on personal income and corporate ( ) profits, while India surprised with a US$20 billion stimulus ( ), taking its corporate tax rate to among the lowest in Asia. Indonesia also plans to lower tax on companies to 20 percent from 25 percent.

MIT Professor Banerjee spoke in New Delhi where he was promoting ( ) his book Good Economics for Hard Times.

Last year, US President Donald Trump unveiled ( ) a US$1.5 trillion tax package, and has promised “very substantial ( )” tax cuts in 2020 for “middle-income” Americans.

It’s the widening inequality ( ) in developed countries such as the US that has angered people and is pushing the world into a trade war, Banerjee said. “It is unbelievable that in the name of growth you have allowed inequality to explode to this point.”

India Slowdown

Growth in India, Asia’s third-largest economy, has slumped ( ) to a six-year low as consumption is weak, prompting the central bank to cut interest rates to the lowest in almost a decade.

The government complemented ( ) the monetary policy easing with a series of measures to reverse ( ) the demand slowdown. Those steps — including scrapping ( ) a tax on foreign funds to allowing tax concessions ( ) on vehicle purchases — have raised concerns of a fiscal ( ) slippage ( ).

“Given the demand slump it’s not a bad thing for the government to be expansionary,” Banerjee said. “If we want to stimulate demand and corporate tax cut doesn’t do that, which is my prediction, then what do we do.”

諾貝爾經濟學獎得主：「劫富濟貧」是良方

在經濟結構中要如何刺激需求？今年的諾貝爾經濟學獎得主認為，應提高直接稅，並將錢分配給窮人。

Abhijit Banerjee與麻省理工學院的Esther Duflo及哈佛大學的Michael Kremer，以其對緩解全球貧窮問題的研究，共同獲得了今年的諾貝爾經濟學獎。Banerjee表示，用減稅來鼓勵投資，是企業所散播的迷思，減稅「是在獎勵富人，而這些有錢人已是坐擁金山銀山」。

全球經濟前景黯淡，從中國到印度再到印尼都在大幅削減企業稅，以刺激經濟成長。國際貨幣基金上個月將二○一九年全球成長率連續第五次下修，將其定為百分之三。

Banerjee十月二十一日在接受採訪時表示：「促進經濟成長不是透過減稅來達成，而是要給人錢」。這表示，窮人手中的現金才會推動消費，「有需求才會有投資」。

今年稍早，中國對個人所得和企業利潤實施減稅，所減之稅額達兩千八百億美元。而印度則出乎意料地祭出兩百億美元的經濟刺激措施，將印度的公司稅稅率降至亞洲最低。印尼還計劃將公司稅由百分之二十五降至百分之二十。

麻省理工學院的Banerjee教授在印度新德里宣傳其著作《艱困時期的好經濟學》時，做出以上表示。

美國總統Donald Trump去年公佈了一項一點五兆美元的稅務方案，並承諾在二○二○年對「中等收入」的美國人實施「很實質性的」減稅。

Banerjee說，激怒人們，並讓世界陷入貿易戰的，是美國等已開發國家日益擴大的不平等。「令人難以置信的是，你打著經濟成長的名號，卻讓不平等迅速擴大到這個地步。」

印度經濟成長下滑

由於消費疲弱，印度這亞洲第三大經濟體，其經濟成長已跌至六年來最低，使得印度央行將利率調降至近十年來最低。

為了避免因貨幣政策寬鬆所造成的需求放緩，印度政府以一系列措施來做配套。這些措施─包括取消對外資課稅，以及購車稅率優惠─引起了人們對政府財政惡化的擔憂。

Banerjee表示：「由於需求下滑，因此增加政府支出並不是件壞事」。「如果我們要刺激需求，而削減公司稅又如我所料達不到這目標，那我們也別無他法。」

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師

Taxing the rich to fund welfare is Nobel winner’s growth mantra

How do you spur ( ) demand in an economy? By raising direct taxes and distributing the money among the poor, says this year’s winner of the Nobel prize for economics.

Reducing taxes to boost ( ) investments is a myth ( ) spread by businesses, says Abhijit Banerjee, who won the prize along with Esther Duflo of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Michael Kremer of Harvard University for their approach to alleviating ( ) global poverty. “You are giving incentives ( ) to the rich who are already sitting on tons of cash.”

Countries from China to India to Indonesia are slashing ( ) taxes for businesses to spur growth amid a gloomy ( ) outlook ( ) for global economic expansion. The International Monetary Fund last month made a fifth-straight cut to its 2019 global growth forecast, pegging ( ) it at 3 percent.

“You don’t boost growth by cutting taxes, you do that by giving money to people,” Banerjee said in an interview on Oct. 21, suggesting that cash in the hands of the poor will drive consumption ( ). “Investment will respond to demand.”

China earlier this year rolled out ( ) tax cuts worth US$280 billion on personal income and corporate ( ) profits, while India surprised with a US$20 billion stimulus ( ), taking its corporate tax rate to among the lowest in Asia. Indonesia also plans to lower tax on companies to 20 percent from 25 percent.

MIT Professor Banerjee spoke in New Delhi where he was promoting ( ) his book Good Economics for Hard Times.

Last year, US President Donald Trump unveiled ( ) a US$1.5 trillion tax package, and has promised “very substantial ( )” tax cuts in 2020 for “middle-income” Americans.

It’s the widening inequality ( ) in developed countries such as the US that has angered people and is pushing the world into a trade war, Banerjee said. “It is unbelievable that in the name of growth you have allowed inequality to explode to this point.”

India Slowdown

Growth in India, Asia’s third-largest economy, has slumped ( ) to a six-year low as consumption is weak, prompting the central bank to cut interest rates to the lowest in almost a decade.

The government complemented ( ) the monetary policy easing with a series of measures to reverse ( ) the demand slowdown. Those steps — including scrapping ( ) a tax on foreign funds to allowing tax concessions ( ) on vehicle purchases — have raised concerns of a fiscal ( ) slippage ( ).
“Given the demand slump it’s not a bad thing for the government to be expansionary,” Banerjee said. “If we want to stimulate demand and corporate tax cut doesn’t do that, which is my prediction, then what do we do.”

諾貝爾經濟學獎得主：「劫富濟貧」是良方

在經濟結構中要如何刺激需求？今年的諾貝爾經濟學獎得主認為，應提高直接稅，並將錢分配給窮人。

Abhijit Banerjee與麻省理工學院的Esther Duflo及哈佛大學的Michael Kremer，以其對緩解全球貧窮問題的研究，共同獲得了今年的諾貝爾經濟學獎。Banerjee表示，用減稅來鼓勵投資，是企業所散播的迷思，減稅「是在獎勵富人，而這些有錢人已是坐擁金山銀山」。

全球經濟前景黯淡，從中國到印度再到印尼都在大幅削減企業稅，以刺激經濟成長。國際貨幣基金上個月將二○一九年全球成長率連續第五次下修，將其定為百分之三。

Banerjee十月二十一日在接受採訪時表示：「促進經濟成長不是透過減稅來達成，而是要給人錢」。這表示，窮人手中的現金才會推動消費，「有需求才會有投資」。

今年稍早，中國對個人所得和企業利潤實施減稅，所減之稅額達兩千八百億美元。而印度則出乎意料地祭出兩百億美元的經濟刺激措施，將印度的公司稅稅率降至亞洲最低。印尼還計劃將公司稅由百分之二十五降至百分之二十。

麻省理工學院的Banerjee教授在印度新德里宣傳其著作《艱困時期的好經濟學》時，做出以上表示。

美國總統Donald Trump去年公佈了一項一點五兆美元的稅務方案，並承諾在二○二○年對「中等收入」的美國人實施「很實質性的」減稅。

Banerjee說，激怒人們，並讓世界陷入貿易戰的，是美國等已開發國家日益擴大的不平等。「令人難以置信的是，你打著經濟成長的名號，卻讓不平等迅速擴大到這個地步。」

印度經濟成長下滑

由於消費疲弱，印度這亞洲第三大經濟體，其經濟成長已跌至六年來最低，使得印度央行將利率調降至近十年來最低。

為了避免因貨幣政策寬鬆所造成的需求放緩，印度政府以一系列措施來做配套。這些措施─包括取消對外資課稅，以及購車稅率優惠─引起了人們對政府財政惡化的擔憂。

Banerjee表示：「由於需求下滑，因此增加政府支出並不是件壞事」。「如果我們要刺激需求，而削減公司稅又如我所料達不到這目標，那我們也別無他法。」

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師

現代主義建築最後大師」華裔美籍建築師貝聿銘辭世，享嵩壽102歲。他曾獲有建築界諾貝爾獎美譽的普利茲克獎，「羅浮宮金字塔是他最為人津津樂道的作品之一。
1984年，在時任法國總統密特朗（Francois Mitterrand）委託下，貝聿銘替羅浮宮主庭院設計由玻璃和金屬建造的巨大金字塔，作為主要入口，周圍環繞3個相同造型的小型金字塔，於1989年完工。

羅浮宮金字塔建造初期，因風格與充滿古典氣息的羅浮宮主建築格格不入，受到大批巴黎市民反對。當時法國民眾大多認為出自貝聿銘之手的玻璃金字塔設計過於前衛，要求取消擴建。這項工程最終在爭議聲中保留，羅浮宮金字塔至今矗立30年，已成為巴黎地標之一。

貝聿銘出身蘇州望族，1917年4月26日生於廣州，父親貝祖貽曾任中華民國央行總裁，也是中國銀行創辦人之一；生母莊氏為清廷國子監祭酒後代。

貝聿銘18歲時留學美國，在賓夕法尼亞大學（University of Pennsylvania）攻讀建築，之後轉往麻省理工學院（MIT），1940年取得MIT建築學士學位，1946年取得哈佛大學建築碩士學位，1954年成為美國公民。

貝聿銘踏入建築界後展現設計高樓大廈的長才，1955年與在地產商齊氏威奈（Webb & Knapp）共事的建築師一同成立貝聿銘建築師事務所（I.M. Pei &Associates），事業逐漸起飛。

貝聿銘作品以公共與文教建築為主，被歸類為現代主義建築。他善用鋼材、混凝土、玻璃與石材，強調光與空間的結合，留下「讓光線來作設計」的名言。

他的代表作包括美國華府國家藝廊東廂、法國巴黎羅浮宮擴建工程、香港中國銀行大廈。


貝聿銘生前獲得眾多榮耀，最受矚目的是1983年獲頒普利茲克建築獎（Pritzker Architecture Prize）。

现代主义建筑最后大师」华裔美籍建筑师贝聿铭辞世，享嵩寿102岁。他曾获有建筑界诺贝尔奖美誉的普利兹克奖，「罗浮宫金​​字塔是他最为人津津乐道的作品之一。
1984年，在时任法国总统密特朗（Francois Mitterrand）委托下，贝聿铭替罗浮宫主庭院设计由玻璃和金属建造的巨大金字塔，作为主要入口，周围环绕3个相同造型的小型金字塔，于1989年完工。

罗浮宫金字塔建造初期，因风格与充满古典气息的罗浮宫主建筑格格不入，受到大批巴黎市民反对。当时法国民众大多认为出自贝聿铭之手的玻璃金字塔设计过于前卫，要求取消扩建。这项工程最终在争议声中保留，罗浮宫金字塔至今矗立30年，已成为巴黎地标之一。
Ieoh Ming Pei, FAIA, RIBA[1] (26 April 1917 – 16 May 2019) was a Chinese-American architect. Born in Guangzhou and raised in Hong Kong and Shanghai, Pei drew inspiration at an early age from the gardens at Suzhou. In 1935, he moved to the United States and enrolled in the University of Pennsylvania's architecture school, but quickly transferred to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was unhappy with the focus at both schools on Beaux-Arts architecture, and spent his free time researching emerging architects, especially Le Corbusier. After graduating, he joined the Harvard Graduate School of Design (GSD) and became a friend of the Bauhaus architects Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer. In 1948, Pei was recruited by New York City real estate magnate William Zeckendorf, for whom he worked for seven years before establishing his own independent design firm I. M. Pei & Associates in 1955, which became I. M. Pei & Partners in 1966 and later in 1989 became Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. Pei retired from full-time practice in 1990. Since then, he has taken on work as an architectural consultant primarily from his sons' architectural firm Pei Partnership Architects.

Pei's first major recognition came with the Mesa Laboratory at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Colorado (designed in 1961, and completed in 1967). His new stature led to his selection as chief architect for the John F. Kennedy Library in Massachusetts. He went on to design Dallas City Hall and the East Building of the National Gallery of Art. He returned to China for the first time in 1975 to design a hotel at Fragrant Hills, and designed Bank of China Tower, Hong Kong, a skyscraper in Hong Kong for the Bank of China fifteen years later. In the early 1980s, Pei was the focus of controversy when he designed a glass-and-steel pyramid for the Musée du Louvre in Paris. He later returned to the world of the arts by designing the Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center in Dallas, the Miho Museum in Japan, the Suzhou Museum in Suzhou,[2] Museum of Islamic Art in Qatar, and the Grand Duke Jean Museum of Modern Art, abbreviated to Mudam, in Luxembourg.

Pei won a wide variety of prizes and awards in the field of architecture, including the AIA Gold Medal in 1979, the first Praemium Imperiale for Architecture in 1989, and the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum in 2003. In 1983, he won the Pritzker Prize, sometimes called the Nobel Prize of architecture.