關於 one point perspective city ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

ทำไมทัศนคติถึงสำคัญมากกว่าความฉลาด?

Carol Dweck เป็นนักจิตวิทยาที่ได้ทุ่มเทชีวิตการงานของเธอเพื่อศึกษาเรื่องทัศนคติและศักยภาพ ซึ่งงานวิจัยล่าสุดของเธอนั้นแสดงให้เห็นว่า “ทัศนคติบ่งบอกถึงความสำเร็จได้มากกว่าระดับไอคิว” เธอพบว่าทัศนคติที่เป็นแกนหลักของคนเราแบ่งเป็นสองประเภท หนึ่งคือ กรอบความคิดแบบจำกัด (Fixed Mindset) สองคือ กรอบความคิดแบบเติบโต (Growth Mindset)

คนที่มี กรอบความคิดแบบจำกัด (Fixed Mindset) จะเป็นคนที่ยึดมั่นในความคิดตนเองและไม่ยอมเปลี่ยนแปลงตนเองเพื่อสิ่งใดๆ ซึ่งการมีวิธีคิดแบบนี้เอง ที่อาจเป็นปัญหาได้เวลาที่พบเจอกับสิ่งที่ตัวเองไม่สามารถรับมือได้ และมันจะทำให้รู้สึกสิ้นหวังและพ่ายแพ้ได้

ส่วนคนที่มี กรอบความคิดแบบเติบโต (Growth Mindset) จะเป็นคนที่มักเชื่อว่าคนเรานั้นสามารถพัฒนาตัวเองได้เสมอ ตราบใดที่เรามีความพยายาม และวิธีคิดแบบนี้เองที่จะทำให้เกิดความก้าวหน้ายิ่งกว่าคนที่มีกรอบความคิดแบบตายตัว แม้ว่าจะมีไอคิวที่ไม่สูงก็ตาม เพราะคนประเภทนี้จะชอบสิ่งที่ท้าทาย และมองว่าสิ่งต่างๆ ที่เข้ามาคือโอกาสในการเรียนรู้ในสิ่งใหม่ๆ

โดยทั่วไปแล้ว การมีความสามารถหรือเป็นคนฉลาดจะทำให้มีความมั่นใจมากกว่าคนอื่นๆ ซึ่งเป็นความจริงเวลาพบเจอกับเรื่องง่ายๆ เท่านั้น แต่ปัจจัยที่สำคัญกว่านั้นก็คือ วิธีการจัดการกับความผิดพลาดและอุปสรรคต่างๆ ต่างหาก โดยคนมีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตจะอ้าแขนรับกับอุปสรรคได้อย่างไม่ลังเล

Dweck กล่าวว่าความสำเร็จในชีวิต คือเรื่องของวิธีการจัดการกับความล้มเหลวในชีวิตของคุณนี่แหละ โดยเธอได้อธิบายวิธีที่คนมีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตไว้ว่า

“ความล้มเหลวก็เป็นแค่ข้อมูลตัวหนึ่ง ที่เราแปะป้ายเอาไว้ว่ามันคือความล้มเหลว ซึ่งมันทำให้เรารู้ว่า หากวิธีนี้มันไม่ได้ผล งั้นฉันก็จะลองแก้ปัญหาด้วยวิธีอื่นดู”

ไม่ว่าคุณจะเป็นประเภทไหนก็ตาม คุณสามารถเปลี่ยนแปลงและพัฒนาตัวเองให้มีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตได้ทั้งนั้น และเรามีวิธีที่จะช่วยปรับมุมมองของคุณให้ดีขึ้นด้วยวิธีดังต่อไปนี้!

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อย่าจมอยู่กับความรู้สึกว่าตัวเองนั้นไร้ค่า
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ใครๆ ก็ต้องเคยมีช่วงเวลาที่รู้สึกว่าตัวเองนั้นไร้ค่าสิ้นดี ซึ่งบททดสอบของคุณก็คือ คุณจะมีปฏิกิริยาตอบรับกับความรู้สึกแบบนี้อย่างไร? คุณจะเลือกเรียนรู้เป็นบทเรียนและก้าวต่อไป หรือจะปล่อยให้ตัวเองจมดิ่งลึกลงไปเรื่อยๆ มีผู้คนที่ประสบความสำเร็จมากมาย ที่ไม่อาจมาถึงจุดๆ นี้ได้ ถ้าหากพวกเขาพ่ายแพ้ให้กับความรู้สึกที่ไร้ค่า ยกตัวอย่างเช่นบุคคลเหล่านี้

* วอลต์ ดิสนีย์ ที่เคยถูกไล่ออกจากบริษัท Kansas City Star เพราะ “ไร้ความคิดสร้างสรรค์และไอเดียดีๆ”

* โอปราห์ วินฟรีย์ ก็เคยถูกไล่ออกจากการเป็นผู้ประกาศข่าวทางโทรทัศน์ในบัลติมอร์ เพราะว่าเธอ “อ่อนไหวกับเรื่องส่วนตัวมากเกินไป”

* เฮนรี่ ฟอร์ด เคยล้มเหลวจากการสร้างบริษัทรถมาแล้วถึงสองครั้งก่อนจะประสบความสำเร็จจากบริษัทฟอร์ด

* สตีเวน สปีลเบิร์ก เคยถูกปฏิเสธจาก USC’s Cinematic Arts School มาหลายต่อหลายครั้งเช่นกัน

ลองจินตนาการดูว่าถ้าพวกเขาเหล่านี้มีกรอบความคิดแบบจำกัด ก็คงยอมแพ้และเลิกล้มความหวังไปแล้ว คนที่มีมีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตจะไม่รู้สึกไร้ค่า เพราะรู้ว่าการจะประสบความสำเร็จได้ คุณต้องเต็มใจที่ล้มเหลวและลุกขึ้นใหม่ได้อีกครั้ง

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มีความมุ่งมั่นและหลงใหลในสิ่งที่ทำ
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แน่นอนว่าในโลกนี้ มีคนที่มีพรสวรรค์และเก่งมากกว่าคุณเสมอ แต่คุณสามารถใช้ความมุ่งมั่นและหลงใหลในสิ่งที่คุณทำมาทดแทนพรสวรรค์ที่ขาดหายไปได้ นั่นเป็นสิ่งที่ผลักดันให้คนเราไม่หยุดที่จะพัฒนาตนเอง ยกอย่างเช่น วอร์เรน บัฟเฟตต์ เขาแนะนำว่าให้หาสิ่งที่รักและหลงใหลจริงๆ ด้วยเทคนิคที่เขาเรียกว่า 5/25 โดยให้เขียนสิ่งที่คุณสนใจมากที่สุด 25 อย่าง แล้วก็ตัดออก 20 ข้อ และ 5 ข้อสุดท้ายที่เหลือนั่นแหละ ก็คือสิ่งที่คุณรักมากที่สุดจริงๆ

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ลงมือทำ
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ผู้คนที่มีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตไม่ได้เอาชนะความกลัวได้เพราะพวกเขากล้าหาญกว่าคนอื่น แต่เป็นเพราะพวกเขารู้ว่าความกลัวเป็นอารมณ์ที่ทำให้หมดกำลังใจ ซึ่งทางออกที่ดีที่สุดก็คือ การลงมือทำ กรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตทำให้พวกเขามีพลังใจและรู้ว่าคนเราไม่สามารถรอเวลาที่เหมาะสมเพื่อจะก้าวไปข้างหน้าได้หรอก เพราะฉะนั้น การลงมือทำอย่างจริงจังนี่แหละ ที่จะเปลี่ยนความกังวลต่อความล้มเหลวให้กลายเป็นพลังเชิงบวกได้

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ก้าวไปให้ไกลกว่าจุดที่เคยก้าวมา
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คนที่เต็มเปี่ยมไปด้วยกำลังใจ จะไม่ลังเลที่จะทุ่มเทให้กับสิ่งที่ทำ พวกเขาจะผลักดันตัวเองไปให้ไกลกว่าจุดเดิมเสมอ มีเรื่องเล่าเรื่องหนึ่งของ บรูซ ลี กล่าวว่า บรูซมีลูกศิษย์คนหนึ่งที่วิ่งเป็นระยะ 3 ไมล์กับเขาทุกวัน ในวันหนึ่งตอนที่วิ่งใกล้ครบสามไมล์ บรูซก็พูดขึ้นว่า “วิ่งต่ออีกสองไมล์เถอะ!” แต่ด้วยความเหน็ดเหนื่อย ลูกศิษย์ของเขาจึงตอบไปว่า “ถ้าวิ่งต่ออีกสองไมล์ ผมต้องตายแน่ๆ” รู้ไหมว่าบรูซตอบว่ายังไง? “งั้นก็วิ่งซะสิ!” หลังจากวิ่งครบห้าไมล์แล้ว ลูกศิษย์ของเขาก็ทั้งล้าและโกรธมาก บรูซจึงอธิบายให้เขาฟังว่า

“ต่อให้คุณไม่วิ่งต่ออีกสองไมล์ คุณก็อาจต้องตายอยู่ดี ถ้าเอาแต่สร้างขีดจำกัดให้ตัวเอง ทั้งชีวิตนี้ไม่ว่าเรื่องอะไร คุณก็จะมีแต่ขีดจำกัดให้ตัวเองเต็มไปหมด ขีดจำกัดที่แท้จริงน่ะไม่มีหรอก มีก็แต่อุปสรรคที่คุณต้องก้าวข้ามมันไปให้ได้แม้ว่ามันจะฆ่าคุณก็ตาม เพราะคนเราต้องพัฒนาตัวเองอยู่เสมอ”

ถ้าคุณไม่พัฒนาตัวเองขึ้นวันละนิดละหน่อย อาจกลายเป็นว่าคุณจะแย่ลงเรื่อยๆ แทนก็ได้ คุณเองก็ไม่อยากเป็นแบบนั้นหรอกใช่ไหมล่ะ?

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คาดหวังผลลัพธ์
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ผู้คนที่มีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตมักจะรู้ว่า พวกเขาจะต้องล้มเหลวอยู่เรื่อยๆ แต่พวกเขาไม่เคยหยุดคาดหวังถึงแม้จะรู้อย่างนั้นก็ตาม การตั้งความหวังกับผลลัพธ์เป็นตัวกระตุ้นให้คุณมีพลังที่จะก้าวเดินต่อไปได้ ลองคิดดูสิว่า…ถ้าหากคุณไม่ตั้งความหวังว่าตัวเองจะต้องประสบความสำเร็จ คุณก็คงไม่พยายามมาถึงจุดนี้หรอก จริงไหม?

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ปรับตัวกับปัญหา
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ไม่มีใครที่ไม่ต้องพบเจอกับความยากลำบาก ผู้คนที่มีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตจะใช้ความลำบากในการพัฒนาตัวเอง ไม่ใช่เพื่อดึงให้ถอยหลังลงคลอง เมื่อถูกท้าทายด้วยเหตุการณ์ไม่คาดคิด พวกเขาจะปรับตัวเข้ากับมันจนกว่าจะผ่านพ้นไปได้

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อย่าบ่นเวลาไม่ได้ดั่งใจ
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การบ่นเป็นสัญลักษณ์ของคนที่มีกรอบความคิดแบบจำกัดแบบชัดเจน คนที่มีกรอบความคิดแบบเติบโตจะมองหาทุกโอกาสที่เป็นไปได้เสมอ จึงไม่มีพื้นที่พอสำหรับการบ่น

ขอบคุณบทความดีๆจาก
https://sumrej.com/why-attitude-is-more-important-than-iq/

Source:
https://www.talentsmart.com/…/Why-Attitude-Is-More-Importan…
Why is attitude more important than intelligence?

Carol Dweck is a psychologist who has dedicated her career to studying her attitude and potential. Her recent research suggests that ′′ Attitude represents success beyond IQ level She finds that our core attitudes are divided into two types. One is a limited mind frame (Fixed Mindset). Two is a growing mind frame (Growth Mindset).

A person with a limited frame of mind (Fixed Mindset) will be a person who holds their own mind and doesn't change themselves for anything. Having this own way of thinking can be a problem. Time to encounter things that they can't cope with and it will cause. Feeling hopeless and defeated

Growth Mindset (Growth Mindset) will always be the one who believes that we can develop ourselves as long as we have this effort and method of thinking to make progress beyond the one who has a dead mind frame, even with the IQ. Not tall because these kind of people will like challenging things and see things coming in as learning new things.

Being talented or smart generally makes you more confident than others. It's true when you encounter simple things. But more importantly, it's how to deal with mistakes and obstacles. Growing mindframe will embrace you. Obstacle without hesitation

Dweck said success in life is a matter of how to deal with failure in your life. She explained how people have a growing mind frame.

′′ Failure is just one of the information that we labeled as failure, which makes us know that if this method doesn't work, then I'll try to solve the problem in another way

No matter what type you are, you can change and develop yourself into a growing mind framework. And we have a way to improve your perspective in the following ways!

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Don't be stuck in feeling that you are worthless.
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Everyone has to have a moment when they feel like they are worthless. Your test is how will you react to this feeling? You can either learn as a lesson and move on, or let yourself sink deeper. There are many successful people who can't reach this point if they lose their worthless feelings. For example, these individuals.

* Walt Disney ever got kicked out of Kansas City Star company because of ′′ creativity and good ideas

* Oprah Winfrey was also fired as a television announcer in Baltimore because she was ′′ too sensitive to personal

* Henry Ford once failed to build a car company twice before succeeding from Ford.

* Stevens Spielberg has been rejected from USC's Cinematic Arts School several times as well.

Imagine if they had a limited mind frame, they would have given up and had fallen hope. People with a growing mind frame wouldn't feel worthless. Knowing that to succeed, you would be willing to fail and rise up again.

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Determined and passionate about what you do.
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Sure, there are always more talented and talented people in the world than you, but you can use your commitment and passion for what you do to replace your missing talent. That's what pushes people to never stop developing themselves. For example. Raren Buffett. He suggested to find something truly loving and passionate with a technique he called 5/25, writing down 25 of your most interested in and 20 of them. The rest is what you really love the most.

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Let's do it
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People with a growing mind framework don't conquer fear because they are braver than others. But because they know that fear is a discouraging emotion. The best way out is to do a growing mind framework. It gives them power and knowledge. People can't wait for the right time to move forward. Therefore, taking serious action will turn their worries about failure into a positive power.

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Step beyond the point of ever stepping.
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A full-fledged, supportive person doesn't hesitate to dedicate their way to what they do. They always push themselves further than before. One story of Bruce Lee says Bruce has a disciple who runs 3 miles with him every day one day. When he ran near three miles, Bruce said, ′′ Run two more miles!" But with exhaustion, his disciple said, ′′ If I run two miles, I'm going to die!" Know what Bruce said? ′′ So run!" After a five mile run, his disciple was exhausted and angry. Bruce explained to him.

′′ Even if you don't run for two miles, you will die. If you don't have to limit yourself in this life, you will have limits to yourself. The true limit is not there, but the obstacles you have. Move over it, even if it kills you, because people always develop themselves

If you don't develop yourself a little bit each day, it may turn out to be worse instead. You don't want to be like that, do you?

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Expect results.
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People with a growing mind frame of mind always know that they are going to fail, but they never stop expecting it. Even if they know it, hoping for a result will encourage you to move on. Think about it... if you don't. Wish yourself success, you wouldn't have tried to reach this point, right?

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Adapt to the problem.
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Nobody doesn't have to encounter difficulties. People with a growing mind framework take the struggle to develop themselves, not to pull backwards down the canal. Once challenged with unexpected events, they will adapt to it until they get through.

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Don't complain when it's not as you wish
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Complaining symbolizes a person with a clear, limited-minded framework. A person with a growing mind framework will always look for every possible opportunity, so there's no space for complaining.

Thank you for a great article from
https://sumrej.com/why-attitude-is-more-important-than-iq/

Source:
https://www.talentsmart.com/articles/Why-Attitude-Is-More-Important-Than-IQ-982658569-p-1.htmlTranslated

TCM Treatments of COVID-19

Written in Chinese by Dr. Andy Lee, March 7, 2020 (http://andylee.pro/wp/?p=7660)

Translated to English by Dr. James Yeh, March 13, 2020

I published an essay “From SARS to Novel Coronavirus” in Chinese on January 21, 2020 (http://andylee.pro/wp/?p=7169). At that time, I tried to discuss possible Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatments of Novel Coronavirus based on my clinical experience of treating many severe cases of pneumonia caused by various influenza and other diseases. Since then, I have directly and indirectly participated in treating patients of Novel Coronavirus successfully, had discussions with many doctors fighting the epidemic at the front line and many researchers conducting related researches, and read many reports on this subject. Although the “Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia” has been renamed to “COVID-19” (coronavirus disease 2019) and the name of the virus has officially named from “2019-nCoV” to “SARS-CoV-2”, I now firmly believe that my original judgment, views, and interpretations are correct. For the sake of easiness for people to read and share, in this essay, I am reorganizing my previous discussions and including some explanations on certain confusions as well.

First, there are numerous provinces and cities in China using TCM to fight the “COVID-19” (I will use the term “Coronavirus” from now on.) No matter whether the treatments were primarily using TCM or the combination of TCM and the methods of Western medicine, there have been a significant amount of positive outcomes. On the other hand, the views of how to use TCM to treat and the use of corresponding herbal formulas vary quite a bit. Even when TCM remedies were effective, why did some patients fully recover and were discharged from the hospitals but other patients still could not get the virus-free “negative confirmation” from virus DNA tests?

Many TCM doctors participating in the treatments and discussions often look at the Coronavirus issue from a single “Point” or the condition of the patient at that specific moment. Some interpreted the disease as “Dampness” (濕), “Dryness” (燥), “Cold” (寒), or “Heat” (熱). (Translator’s note: These interpretations are often the opposite ends of the spectra, like Dampness is opposite to Dryness; and Cold is opposite to Heat.) From the clinical practice point of view, those treatments based on such conflicting interpretations all had positive effects to some degrees. Then, which interpretation is the “correct one”? In fact, those simple interpretations all have some merits but don’t fully cover the subject in hand. Although TCM is based on “Dialectical Treatment” (辯證論治), i.e. treatment is derived from “observation and diagnosis” of patients’ complex symptoms, the most important thing is that disease shouldn’t be viewed as an isolated problem at a specific time, but the whole development of symptoms along a timeline. Not only we need to observe and diagnose the current ailment but also we have to understand the development history of the disease and to project how the disease will develop in the future. For a single patient, we might be able to focus on the clinical results of this patient. But for epidemics, we have to look at a bigger picture and take into account how this Coronavirus develops health issues inside the human body from TCM’s perspective. And, in clinical treatments, we also need to consider many variants caused by each patient’s preconditions and one’s strength to fight off the disease.

From my experience of curing many patients who were inflicted with flu-induced pneumonia and complications, and the recent participation in treating and curing Coronavirus patients, it is proper to summarize that no matter whether the virus is Coronavirus, bird flu, swine flu, or the “common” flu, we found that the bodily deterioration caused by the virus, in general, follows the description from the TCM theory first covered in the ancient literature “Treatise on Cold Damage on Miscellaneous Disease ” (傷寒雜病論). However, the progressions of the disease from such special viruses are much faster, more severe, and/or more persistent than that of the common flu. Patients’ own original “health” condition also complicates the progression. (Translator’s note: For example, the infliction rate of young children is much smaller than that of adults for Coronavirus.)

As I explained before, the TCM theory discussed that for the common flu or “catching a cold”, the disease starts with “Exterior Deficiency or Weakness” (表虛). That is, the “exterior” of the body is invaded by the “External Pathogen” (外邪), like virus, and has adverse reactions. (Translator’s note: Here the exterior doesn’t mean just the outside surface of the body like the skin, but all the surfaces topologically exposed to the outside like lining of throat, nose, and bronchus of the body.) This is the first stage of the whole episode and often can be effectively treated with the herbal prescriptions such as “Gui Zhi Tang” (桂枝湯). If the patient is not properly treated, the body fluids within the surface and muscles could not function properly. It will cause the transition to the next stage “Exterior Excess” (表實). (Translator’s note: The word Excess has various meanings: excessive reactions all the way to neoplasm, excessive wasteful things, etc.) Viral infection at this stage is matched to one of the several syndromes named with the corresponding herbal remedies such as “Ge Geng Tang” (葛根湯), “Ma Huang Tang” (麻黃湯證), and others. The TCM theory calls this stage “Exterior Coldness” (表寒). In history, many TCM doctors considered this stage as the body being hurt by outside coldness (傷於寒) or in plain words “Catching Cold”. However, that is a misunderstanding. While outside coldness is one of the causes leading to the stage “Exterior Coldness”, it is not the only cause. When the body fluids could not function properly, the normal body fluids which had proper fluidity to circulate and to fulfill vital functions (活水) became a pot of “Dead Water” (死水), i.e. wasteful water which can’t fulfill vital functions. In other words, the ancient literature “Treatise on Cold Damage on Miscellaneous Disease” (傷寒雜病論) is much beyond the simple interpretation of how to treat the ailment caused by “cold damage”, but a classical literature of explaining both the physiology and pathology of human body functions.

Normally, the ailment or symptoms of the common flu would be limited at this stage of “Exterior Coldness”. Even without any treatment, the human body often could fight off the virus with an immune response and fully recover. But when the effects of Exterior Coldness started to penetrate into the interior of the body, the first common organs to be affected will be the organs that have a short path to the outside. (Translator’s note: Topologically, trachea and lung are only a membrane distance away from the outside air.) Then the Exterior Coldness gets transformed into the next stages such as “Interior Coldness” (裡寒) and “Lung Coldness” (肺寒). (Translator’s note: Here “Lung” means the whole respiratory system, not only the lung organ.) Clinically, the patients start to show symptoms of the syndrome named after its herbal remedy “Xiao Qing Long Tang” (小青龍湯). At this stage, the patients have serious coughing and running nose. When the respiratory system is “affected by the coldness”, the body fluid function of the respiratory system gets affected. Just like when the cooling system of a car malfunctions, the engine would overheat. The circulation function of the lung becomes “Dry and Overheated” (燥热). This would lead to the next stage of “Heated Interior” (入裡化熱) and often be matched to its herbal remedy “Da Qing Long Tang” (大青龍湯). At this stage, it does not mean that the whole lung is “dry and heated”. In fact, many pneumonia patients exhibit “mixed coldness and heat” (寒熱夾雜) in the lung. For example, while the upper part of the lung is “dry and heated”, the lower part of the lung might suffer excessive mucus of a high density. Pleural effusion and hydronephrosis might start to develop quickly.

Such a complex situation was extensively discussed in Chapter 7 of the ancient literature “Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber” (金匱要略肺痿肺癰咳嗽上氣病脈證治第七篇). At this complex stage, the illness development varies significantly among patients of different preconditions and other variants. It is no longer the situation that a simple herbal remedy can be applied to all the situations. The TCM theory illustrates various treatments by those herbal remedies such as “She Gan Ma Hung Tang” (射干麻黃湯), “Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang” (葶藶大棗瀉肺湯), ”Ze Qi Tang” (澤漆湯), “Xiao Qing Long Jia Shi Gao Tang” (小青龍加石膏湯), and others. It doesn’t mean that one of the herbal remedies should be selected to treat a patient directly. Instead, the TCM Theory used these herbal remedies to teach its practitioners how to “think” and create a proper herbal remedy based on the conditions of a specific patient.

For example, the Coronavirus has quite a puzzling situation that many Western medicine doctors haven’t yet fully understood. Some severely affected patients exhibited fibrosis of the lung like the SARS phenomenon. Other severely affected patients did not have SARS-like lung fibrosis but had massive liquid cumulated in the lung, which even “drown” some patients to death. From the TCM point of view, it is not strange at all. Fibrosis of the lung is the typical following stage of Heated Interior matching to “Da Qing Long Tang” (大青龍湯). It was named as “Lung Atrophy” (肺痿) in the TCM theory. And the situation that one suffers from massive dense liquid accumulation is matched to symptoms of severe development after the stages matched to “She Gan Ma Hung Tang”( 射干麻黃湯) , “Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang” (葶藶大棗瀉肺湯), and others as discussed earlier. The TCM theory called it “Lung Abscess” (肺癰). In the TCM theory, Lung Atrophy and Lung Abscess are two progression paths of this virus depending on which path develops faster or even simultaneously. From the past and current reports, SARS virus tilts toward the path of Lung Atrophy, while the Coronavirus tilts a little more toward Lung Abscess.

The above explained the progression of flu and other epidemic virus infections. Now you might understand how different TCM doctors had different views or treatment methods, but all of the treatments had some partially positive effects. If a TCM doctor’s diagnosis at one particular moment was slight hotness of the lung, some mild herbs to “clean up the heat” (清熱解毒輕劑), often used by the “Southern School” doctrine (溫病派), might relieve the patient’s symptoms. But if a TCM doctor’s diagnosis at a different point of the progression was massive mucus accumulation, heavy dosage of strong herbs, often used by the “Northern or Classic School” doctrine (經方派) might be needed to treat Lung Abscess (肺癰). That is why we saw some reports that the “Pneumonia Formula One” (肺炎一號) used in Guangzhou city, which was based on mild herbs to reducing the “heat”, had some positive effects in Guangzhou but not so effective in Shanghai. In Shanghai, many TCM doctors had to switch to stronger herbal ingredient often found in “Da Qing Long Tang” (大青龍湯) and “She Gan Ma Hung Tang”( 射干麻黃湯) as discussed earlier. This was due to different weather patterns and different patients, i.e. different progression paths described in the previous paragraphs. In other words, from the specific moment of the doctor’s diagnosis, both views were correct. But neither of them grasped the progression timeline of this severe illness.

Another point raised earlier was why did some patients fully recover while others did not? According to the information given by the doctors on the front line, there were so-called “Western medicine and TCM combined treatments” in which Western medicine drugs were continuously given to the patients and TCM herbs were used as supplements. When adding TCM herbs had a positive effect and made a speedier recovery, it was all goodness. But when adding TCM herbs did not have positive results, then what? According to the doctors on the front line, the medical team did not really think through the stages of disease progression as discussed earlier and switch to different TCM remedies, but only increased the dosage of Western medicine drugs such as Interferon (干擾素), Chloroquine phosphate (磷酸氯喹) used to treat malaria (抗瘧疾藥物), Arbidol (阿比多爾) used to treat influenza (抗流感藥物), and others. Heavy dosages of such drugs had severe side effects and sequelae. In those “combined” treatments, the medical teams didn’t have enough TCM expertise to make sound decisions on herbal remedies. Instead, they simply used TCM herbs as “extra help”.

How about treatments primarily with TCM remedies? The chief Western medicine expert who leads the fight against the Coronavirus, Dr. Nanshan Zhong, admitted under political pressure that TCM was useful against light or even medium threat situations of Coronavirus but insisted that TCM could not cure severe cases. His statement was based on his belief that there is no ingredient in TCM herbs that could kill Coronavirus. I am sorry to say that Dr. Zhong is incorrect in this aspect. With solid patient cases as proof, TCM can actually cure severe cases of Coronavirus infection and other flu-related infections. When it did not, it is the particular TCM doctors who had not mastered the whole theory and methodology of TCM. But one thing that Dr. Zhong said correctly was that no ingredient in TCM herbs can “kill” the virus. However, the TCM treatment isn’t based on the ability to kill the virus. (Translator’s note: Western medicine drugs could not kill the virus either.) Many people still have the level of limited understanding that TCM can only improve the immunization ability or some herbs such as the root of Isatis tinctoria (板藍根) has some natural antibiotic chemicals. Such understanding is unfortunately poor and very limited. Although modern medical science still could not fully comprehend TCM theory and its clinical outcome, against Coronavirus, the better explanation is that TCM remedies can “improve the internal environment of the human body”. (Translator’s note: So that the patient would not fall into the adverse conditions that the organs fail to function.) In plain words, when the virus causes more mucus, TCM remedies reduce the mucus. When the virus causes fibrosis, TCM remedies reduce the “heat level” of the lung. TCM remedies tend to push the body and organs back to the original healthy states. Once the environment is unfriendly for the virus to keep replicating, the patients will have higher chances to eradicate the virus by themselves and recover. One can probably say that this explanation and method is similar to the idea of using Western medicine Interferon but without severe side effects. That is, TCM can cure not because it has the ability to “kill” virus by some ingredients but to help to restore patients’ “internal environment” to healthier conditions that prevent the virus from replicating quickly. (Translator’s note: If one buys the same argument made by Dr. Zhong that a medication needs to have ingredients to kill the Coronavirus, then all the medications used today would not qualify. Then do we give up? In fact, why TCM was not selected to treat severe cases was because those stronger and less commonly used herbs were not applied properly or the TCM doctors at hand had less confidence for doing so. )

Now, we can go back to discuss how clinically TCM can treat and cure Coronavirus patients. For light to mild cases, most of the different TCM treatment methodologies could help. For medium to severe cases, as I discussed in my previous essay, we need to utilize the strength of certain herbs:

- Sheng Shi Gao (Gypsum, 生石膏): To reduce heat inside the lung (清肺熱) and enhance the liquid circulation in the respiratory system (加強肺津液運作)

- She Gan (Belamcanda chinensis, 射干)、Zi Wan (Aster tataricus, 紫菀) 、Kuan Dong Hua (Tussilago farfara flower, 款冬花)、Sheng Ban Xia (Pinellia ternate, 生半夏)、Ting Li (Sisymbrium indicum, 葶藶)、Da Ji (Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr., 大戟), etc.: To reduce accumulation of excessive mucus and wasteful fluids inside the respiratory system (去肺下方濃稠痰飲、肺積水、胸腔積液等)

- Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica Stapf., 麻黃), etc.: To enhance the lung function (宣肺、發陽)

- Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon japonicas, 麥門冬)、Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca, 杏仁): To moisturize the lung (潤肺)

That is, we need to combine the theory and targeted responses of the various herbal remedies such as “Da Qing Long Tang” (大青龍湯), “She Gan Ma Hung Tang” (射干麻黃湯) , “Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang” (葶藶大棗瀉肺湯), ”Ze Qi Tang” (澤漆湯)“, etc. as discussed earlier, and properly adjust the dosages and ratios of ingredients to fit the requirements of individual patients based on their conditions. In addition, if the patients have other ailments, those conditions need to be taken into account also, such as:

- For “Coldness and Wetness of the Middle and Lower Abdomen“ (中下焦寒濕) or “Deficient Kidney Function” (腎陽不足): Add Bao Fu Zi (processed Aconitum carmichaelii Debx root, 炮附子)、Xi Xin (Asarum sieboldii, 細辛), etc.

- When the liver function is weak or damaged by heavy dosages of Western medicine drugs such as interferon: Add Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 柴胡)、Huang Qin (Scutellaria baicalnsis Geprgi root, 黃芩), etc.

There is no question that it is very challenging to fight off the Coronavirus. The clinical treatments will seriously test TCM doctors’ thorough understanding of TCM and their ability and courage to call the right shots under a great amount of pressure. On the other hand, it is also a good time to prove that TCM can be effectively used to fight various viruses in a superb and speedy fashion with little sequelae and at a much lower cost.

For fighting such a new and aggressive virus epidemic, there is no single TCM herbal formula that can treat all situations. One must have deep knowledge of the stages of the disease, along with close examinations on patients’ preconditions, so one can use the most effective prescription to intercept and turn the symptoms around. On the other hand, many provinces and cities in China provided TCM guidelines on Coronavirus treatments and pre-fixed herbal formulas to address people’s demands on a herbal remedy for “common usage”. Among them, I found the current recommendation from the Chinese National TCM Administration the most appropriate for a good percentage of Coronavirus patients. The herbal remedy was recently named as “Qing Fei Pai Du Tang” (清肺排毒湯), which could probably be translated to “clean up the lung and get rid of the toxic”. In line with the discussion above, this specific herbal formula includes Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica Stapf., 麻黃), Zhi Gan Cao (processed Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., 炙甘草)、Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca, 杏仁)、Sheng Shi Gao (Gypsum, 生石膏)、Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamom, 桂枝)、Ze Xie (Alisma orientalis, 澤瀉)、Zhu Ling (Polyporus umbellatus, 豬苓)、Bai Zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., 白朮)、Fu Ling (Poria, 茯苓)、Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 柴胡)、Huang Qin (Scutellaria baicalnsis Geprgi root, 黃芩)、Jiang Ban Xia (Pinellia ternate, 薑半夏)、Sheng Jiang (Ginger, 生薑)、Zi Wan (Aster tataricus, 紫菀)、Kuan Dong Hua (Tussilago farfara flower, 款冬花)、She Gan (Belamcanda chinensis, 射干)、Xi Xin (Asarum sieboldii, 細辛)、Shan Yao (Dioscorea oppositifolia, 山药)、Zhi Shi (Citrus aurantium, 枳實)、Chen Pi (Citrus reticulata Blanco, 陳皮)、and Huo Xiang (Pogostemon cabin, 藿香). Since such an herbal remedy was designed for “common usage”, it has to consider all degrees of disease severity. Therefore, the dosages can’t be too heavy, as the majority of the patient cases are light to mild. As the result, “Da Qing Long Tang” (大青龍湯) discussed earlier became a lighter herbal formula named as “Ma Xing Gan Shi Tang” (麻杏甘石湯). The stronger herbal ingredients such as Ting Li (Sisymbrium indicum, 葶藶) and Da Ji (Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr., 大戟) to treat pleural effusion and hydronephrosis are not included. Hence, for severe cases, the herbal remedy from the Chinese National TCM Administration needs to be enhanced with additional ingredients and larger dosages.

In summary, as long as the TCM doctors have sufficient knowledge and clinical experience, by applying the proper methodology, TCM alone is capable of dealing with severe Coronavirus infections. (Translator’s note: There is much to do to develop a comprehensive diagnostic and treatment methodology which can help many TCM doctors to pinpoint the patient’s condition and stages of the infection to make the proper decision, especially when fully qualified TCM doctors are of short supply.) At this moment, there is no “special drug” in Western medicine to cure Coronavirus, but to resort to cortisone, antibiotics, interferon, anti-malaria, anti-flu drugs to maintain the lives of patients and passively wait and hope that the patients’ bodies can find their own way to turn the situation around. Even then, the Western medicine drugs mentioned above all potentially have significant side effects and sequelae. Patients with severe cases might be able to get out of the deathbed but most likely live with some permanent damages to the body. Dr. Zhong, China’s chief Western medicine expert on the Coronavirus epidemic, also warned that the current path of developing the “special drug” would most likely lead to severe sequelae to the patients. Given that is the case, why don’t we put much more effort to fully develop the TCM treatment of viral infection, not just for Coronavirus but also for future viruses which will bound to happen in the future?

(Translator’s note: As China is getting good control of the virus spread and gradually recovers from this epidemic, the knowledge learned will be invaluable to the rest of the world. Europe and the United States are on the exponential rise of new cases as of the writing on 3/14/2020. Various models predict that in the US alone Coronavirus infections can reach millions, as discussed in the Opinion Column of New York Times, “How Much Worse the Coronavirus Could Get, in Charts” by Nicholas Kristof and Stuart A. Thompson, March 13, 2020. China should continue to put efforts to develop TCM diagnostic and treatment methodology so that millions of people in the rest of the world can be helped and saved. TCM is not just for science, it is for humanity.)

（http://andylee.pro/wp/?p=7729）
#當張仲景遇上史丹佛

One of the highlights of my Hong Kong trip was hiking up to Kowloon peak and taking in the elevated view of the harbour and city. Gently licked by the sun’s rays and caressed by the waft of a cool breeze, I found myself revelling in the pure bliss of being atop a mountain in truly perfect weather.
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More than the sensory pleasure, the noticeable lack of Hong Kong’s overwhelming bustle, traffic and density from my point of view granted me the space to marvel at the diminution and frivolity of things which are so much more amplified when in amongst it. I have many times come out of situations which seemed so impossibly oppressing and tedious at one point, only to seem so much less so, after travel in time, distance and/or mindset.
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No matter what you’re going through, hang in there, stress less, and remember that how things affect you will largely be a matter of perspective.. @ Suicide Cliff Kowloon Peak