關於 oracle like any ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

📜 [專欄新文章] Uniswap v3 Features Explained in Depth

✍️ 田少谷 Shao

📥 歡迎投稿： https://medium.com/taipei-ethereum-meetup #徵技術分享文 #使用心得 #教學文 #medium

Once again the game-changing DEX 🦄 👑

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Outline

0. Intro1. Uniswap & AMM recap2. Ticks 3. Concentrated liquidity4. Range orders: reversible limit orders5. Impacts of v36. Conclusion

0. Intro

The announcement of Uniswap v3 is no doubt one of the most exciting news in the DeFi place recently 🔥🔥🔥

While most have talked about the impact v3 can potentially bring on the market, seldom explain the delicate implementation techniques to realize all those amazing features, such as concentrated liquidity, limit-order-like range orders, etc.

Since I’ve covered Uniswap v1 & v2 (if you happen to know Mandarin, here are v1 & v2), there’s no reason for me to not cover v3 as well ✅

Thus, this article aims to guide readers through Uniswap v3, based on their official whitepaper and examples made on the announcement page. However, one needs not to be an engineer, as not many codes are involved, nor a math major, as the math involved is definitely taught in your high school, to fully understand the following content 😊😊😊

If you really make it through but still don’t get shxt, feedbacks are welcomed! 🙏

There should be another article focusing on the codebase, so stay tuned and let’s get started with some background noise!

1. Uniswap & AMM recap

Before diving in, we have to first recap the uniqueness of Uniswap and compare it to traditional order book exchanges.

Uniswap v1 & v2 are a kind of AMMs (automated market marker) that follow the constant product equation x * y = k, with x & y stand for the amount of two tokens X and Y in a pool and k as a constant.

Comparing to order book exchanges, AMMs, such as the previous versions of Uniswap, offer quite a distinct user experience:

AMMs have pricing functions that offer the price for the two tokens, which make their users always price takers, while users of order book exchanges can be both makers or takers.

Uniswap as well as most AMMs have infinite liquidity¹, while order book exchanges don’t. The liquidity of Uniswap v1 & v2 is provided throughout the price range [0,∞]².

Uniswap as well as most AMMs have price slippage³ and it’s due to the pricing function, while there isn’t always price slippage on order book exchanges as long as an order is fulfilled within one tick.

In an order book, each price (whether in green or red) is a tick. Image source: https://ftx.com/trade/BTC-PERP

¹ though the price gets worse over time; AMM of constant sum such as mStable does not have infinite liquidity

² the range is in fact [-∞,∞], while a price in most cases won’t be negative

³ AMM of constant sum does not have price slippage

2. Tick

The whole innovation of Uniswap v3 starts from ticks.

For those unfamiliar with what is a tick:

Source: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/tick.asp

By slicing the price range [0,∞] into numerous granular ticks, trading on v3 is highly similar to trading on order book exchanges, with only three differences:

The price range of each tick is predefined by the system instead of being proposed by users.

Trades that happen within a tick still follows the pricing function of the AMM, while the equation has to be updated once the price crosses the tick.

Orders can be executed with any price within the price range, instead of being fulfilled at the same one price on order book exchanges.

With the tick design, Uniswap v3 possesses most of the merits of both AMM and an order book exchange! 💯💯💯

So, how is the price range of a tick decided?

This question is actually somewhat related to the tick explanation above: the minimum tick size for stocks trading above 1$ is one cent.

The underlying meaning of a tick size traditionally being one cent is that one cent (1% of 1$) is the basis point of price changes between ticks, ex: 1.02 — 1.01 = 0.1.

Uniswap v3 employs a similar idea: compared to the previous/next price, the price change should always be 0.01% = 1 basis point.

However, notice the difference is that in the traditional basis point, the price change is defined with subtraction, while here in Uniswap it’s division.

This is how price ranges of ticks are decided⁴:

Image source: https://uniswap.org/whitepaper-v3.pdf

With the above equation, the tick/price range can be recorded in the index form [i, i+1], instead of some crazy numbers such as 1.0001¹⁰⁰ = 1.0100496621.

As each price is the multiplication of 1.0001 of the previous price, the price change is always 1.0001 — 1 = 0.0001 = 0.01%.

For example, when i=1, p(1) = 1.0001; when i=2, p(2) = 1.00020001.

p(2) / p(1) = 1.00020001 / 1.0001 = 1.0001

See the connection between the traditional basis point 1 cent (=1% of 1$) and Uniswap v3’s basis point 0.01%?

Image source: https://tenor.com/view/coin-master-cool-gif-19748052

But sir, are prices really granular enough? There are many shitcoins with prices less than 0.000001$. Will such prices be covered as well?

Price range: max & min

To know if an extremely small price is covered or not, we have to figure out the max & min price range of v3 by looking into the spec: there is a int24 tick state variable in UniswapV3Pool.sol.

Image source: https://uniswap.org/whitepaper-v3.pdf

The reason for a signed integer int instead of an uint is that negative power represents prices less than 1 but greater than 0.

24 bits can cover the range between 1.0001 ^ (2²³ — 1) and 1.0001 ^ -(2)²³. Even Google cannot calculate such numbers, so allow me to offer smaller values to have a rough idea of the whole price range:

1.0001 ^ (2¹⁸) = 242,214,459,604.341

1.0001 ^ -(2¹⁷) = 0.000002031888943

I think it’s safe to say that with a int24 the range can cover > 99.99% of the prices of all assets in the universe 👌

⁴ For implementation concern, however, a square root is added to both sides of the equation.

How about finding out which tick does a price belong to?

Tick index from price

The answer to this question is rather easy, as we know that p(i) = 1.0001^i, simply takes a log with base 1.0001 on both sides of the equation⁴:

Image source: https://www.codecogs.com/latex/eqneditor.php

Let’s try this out, say we wanna find out the tick index of 1000000.

Image source: https://ncalculators.com/number-conversion/log-logarithm-calculator.htm

Now, 1.0001¹³⁸¹⁶² = 999,998.678087146. Voila!

⁵ This formula is also slightly modified to fit the real implementation usage.

3. Concentrated liquidity

Now that we know how ticks and price ranges are decided, let’s talk about how orders are executed in a tick, what is concentrated liquidity and how it enables v3 to compete with stablecoin-specialized DEXs (decentralized exchange), such as Curve, by improving the capital efficiency.

Concentrated liquidity means LPs (liquidity providers) can provide liquidity to any price range/tick at their wish, which causes the liquidity to be imbalanced in ticks.

As each tick has a different liquidity depth, the corresponding pricing function x * y = k also won’t be the same!

Each tick has its own liquidity depth. Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Mmm… examples are always helpful for abstract descriptions 😂

Say the original pricing function is 100(x) * 1000(y) = 100000(k), with the price of X token 1000 / 100 = 10 and we’re now in the price range [9.08, 11.08].

If the liquidity of the price range [11.08, 13.08] is the same as [9.08, 11.08], we don’t have to modify the pricing function if the price goes from 10 to 11.08, which is the boundary between two ticks.

The price of X is 1052.63 / 95 = 11.08 when the equation is 1052.63 * 95 = 100000.

However, if the liquidity of the price range [11.08, 13.08] is two times that of the current range [9.08, 11.08], balances of x and y should be doubled, which makes the equation become 2105.26 * 220 = 400000, which is (1052.63 * 2) * (110 * 2) = (100000 * 2 * 2).

We can observe the following two points from the above example:

Trades always follow the pricing function x * y = k, while once the price crosses the current price range/tick, the liquidity/equation has to be updated.

√(x * y) = √k = L is how we represent the liquidity, as I say the liquidity of x * y = 400000 is two times the liquidity of x * y = 100000, as √(400000 / 100000) = 2.

What’s more, compared to liquidity on v1 & v2 is always spread across [0,∞], liquidity on v3 can be concentrated within certain price ranges and thus results in higher capital efficiency from traders’ swapping fees!

Let’s say if I provide liquidity in the range [1200, 2800], the capital efficiency will then be 4.24x higher than v2 with the range [0,∞] 😮😮😮 There’s a capital efficiency comparison calculator, make sure to try it out!

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

It’s worth noticing that the concept of concentrated liquidity was proposed and already implemented by Kyper, prior to Uniswap, which is called Automated Price Reserve in their case.⁵

⁶ Thanks to Yenwen Feng for the information.

4. Range orders: reversible limit orders

As explained in the above section, LPs of v3 can provide liquidity to any price range/tick at their wish. Depending on the current price and the targeted price range, there are three scenarios:

current price < the targeted price range

current price > the targeted price range

current price belongs to the targeted price range

The first two scenarios are called range orders. They have unique characteristics and are essentially fee-earning reversible limit orders, which will be explained later.

The last case is the exact same liquidity providing mechanism as the previous versions: LPs provide liquidity in both tokens of the same value (= amount * price).

There’s also an identical product to the case: grid trading, a very powerful investment tool for a time of consolidation. Dunno what’s grid trading? Check out Binance’s explanation on this, as this topic won’t be covered!

In fact, LPs of Uniswap v1 & v2 are grid trading with a range of [0,∞] and the entry price as the baseline.

Range orders

To understand range orders, we’d have to first revisit how price is discovered on Uniswap with the equation x * y = k, for x & y stand for the amount of two tokens X and Y and k as a constant.

The price of X compared to Y is y / x, which means how many Y one can get for 1 unit of X, and vice versa the price of Y compared to X is x / y.

For the price of X to go up, y has to increase and x decrease.

With this pricing mechanism in mind, it’s example time!

Say an LP plans to place liquidity in the price range [15.625, 17.313], higher than the current price of X 10, when 100(x) * 1000(y) = 100000(k).

The price of X is 1250 / 80 = 15.625 when the equation is 80 * 1250 = 100000.

The price of X is 1315.789 / 76 = 17.313 when the equation is 76 * 1315.789 = 100000.

If now the price of X reaches 15.625, the only way for the price of X to go even higher is to further increase y and decrease x, which means exchanging a certain amount of X for Y.

Thus, to provide liquidity in the range [15.625, 17.313], an LP needs only to prepare 80 — 76 = 4 of X. If the price exceeds 17.313, all 4 X of the LP is swapped into 1315.789 — 1250 = 65.798 Y, and then the LP has nothing more to do with the pool, as his/her liquidity is drained.

What if the price stays in the range? It’s exactly what LPs would love to see, as they can earn swapping fees for all transactions in the range! Also, the balance of X will swing between [76, 80] and the balance of Y between [1250, 1315.789].

This might not be obvious, but the example above shows an interesting insight: if the liquidity of one token is provided, only when the token becomes more valuable will it be exchanged for the less valuable one.

…wut? 🤔

Remember that if 4 X is provided within [15.625, 17.313], only when the price of X goes up from 15.625 to 17.313 is 4 X gradually swapped into Y, the less valuable one!

What if the price of X drops back immediately after reaching 17.313? As X becomes less valuable, others are going to exchange Y for X.

The below image illustrates the scenario of DAI/USDC pair with a price range of [1.001, 1.002] well: the pool is always composed entirely of one token on both sides of the tick, while in the middle 1.001499⁶ is of both tokens.

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Similarly, to provide liquidity in a price range < current price, an LP has to prepare a certain amount of Y for others to exchange Y for X within the range.

To wrap up such an interesting feature, we know that:

Only one token is required for range orders.

Only when the current price is within the range of the range order can LP earn trading fees. This is the main reason why most people believe LPs of v3 have to monitor the price more actively to maximize their income, which also means that LPs of v3 have become arbitrageurs 🤯

I will be discussing more the impacts of v3 in 5. Impacts of v3.

⁷ 1.001499988 = √(1.0001 * 1.0002) is the geometric mean of 1.0001 and 1.0002. The implication is that the geometric mean of two prices is the average execution price within the range of the two prices.

Reversible limit orders

As the example in the last section demonstrates, if there is 4 X in range [15.625, 17.313], the 4 X will be completely converted into 65.798 Y when the price goes over 17.313.

We all know that a price can stay in a wide range such as [10, 11] for quite some time, while it’s unlikely so in a narrow range such as [15.625, 15.626].

Thus, if an LP provides liquidity in [15.625, 15.626], we can expect that once the price of X goes over 15.625 and immediately also 15.626, and does not drop back, all X are then forever converted into Y.

The concept of having a targeted price and the order will be executed after the price is crossed is exactly the concept of limit orders! The only difference is that if the range of a range order is not narrow enough, it’s highly possible that the conversion of tokens will be reverted once the price falls back to the range.

As price ranges follow the equation p(i) = 1.0001 ^ i, the range can be quite narrow and a range order can thus effectively serve as a limit order:

When i = 27490, 1.0001²⁷⁴⁹⁰ = 15.6248.⁸

When i = 27491, 1.0001²⁷⁴⁹¹ = 15.6264.⁸

A range of 0.0016 is not THAT narrow but can certainly satisfy most limit order use cases!

⁸ As mentioned previously in note #4, there is a square root in the equation of the price and index, thus the numbers here are for explantion only.

5. Impacts of v3

Higher capital efficiency, LPs become arbitrageurs… as v3 has made tons of radical changes, I’d like to summarize my personal takes of the impacts of v3:

Higher capital efficiency makes one of the most frequently considered indices in DeFi: TVL, total value locked, becomes less meaningful, as 1$ on Uniswap v3 might have the same effect as 100$ or even 2000$ on v2.

The ease of spot exchanging between spot exchanges used to be a huge advantage of spot markets over derivative markets. As LPs will take up the role of arbitrageurs and arbitraging is more likely to happen on v3 itself other than between DEXs, this gap is narrowed … to what extent? No idea though.

LP strategies and the aggregation of NFT of Uniswap v3 liquidity token are becoming the blue ocean for new DeFi startups: see Visor and Lixir. In fact, this might be the turning point for both DeFi and NFT: the two main reasons of blockchain going mainstream now come to the alignment of interest: solving the $$ problem 😏😏😏

In the right venue, which means a place where transaction fees are low enough, such as Optimism, we might see Algo trading firms coming in to share the market of designing LP strategies on Uniswap v3, as I believe Algo trading is way stronger than on-chain strategies or DAO voting to add liquidity that sort of thing.

After reading this article by Parsec.finance: The Dex to Rule Them All, I cannot help but wonder: maybe there is going to be centralized crypto exchanges adopting v3’s approach. The reason is that since orders of LPs in the same tick are executed pro-rata, the endless front-running speeding-competition issue in the Algo trading world, to some degree, is… solved? 🤔

Anyway, personal opinions can be biased and seriously wrong 🙈 I’m merely throwing out a sprat to catch a whale. Having a different voice? Leave your comment down below!

6. Conclusion

That was kinda tough, isn’t it? Glad you make it through here 🥂🥂🥂

There are actually many more details and also a huge section of Oracle yet to be covered. However, since this article is more about features and targeting normal DeFi users, I’ll leave those to the next one; hope there is one 😅

If you have any doubt or find any mistake, please feel free to reach out to me and I’d try to reply AFAP!

Stay tuned and in the meantime let’s wait and see how Uniswap v3 is again pioneering the innovation of DeFi 🌟

Uniswap v3 Features Explained in Depth was originally published in Taipei Ethereum Meetup on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

👏 歡迎轉載分享鼓掌

【福禍休咎】

In the last 3 months of 2017, I was horribly sick.

I still do not know the exact cause of my ailment, but my guess is overworking and undersleeping.

When a person is sick for a period of time, it means his luck status at that time isn't tip top.

It will affect the wealth and of course, his mood.

Best way of dealing with it is to ensure speedy recovery and not let impatience get in the way.

I was feeling down in the dumps when I wasn't healing well, despite two rounds of medication.

.

水神就是財神

On 4th Jan, I announced my CNY Wealth Manifestation Feng Shui Workshop, through a Facebook Live.

The Facebook Live was streamed at a Pizza Hut restaurant.

I ordered finger food and a beverage. I also requested for warm water to take my medication.

I was expecting just a glass of warm water but the waiter sent it in a 1-litre canister.

It was too much for me to finish.

I don't like to waste food and water. I wanted to fill up my glass and return the canister.

Then a thought flashed past, hey, 水就是財! (Water represents money!)

Must be a sign that my workshop will bring me extra income.

I drank the whole 1-litre of water after doing my Live. Not sharing with anyone.

True enough, the consistent posting and selling of my workshop for the past 10 days brought me more queries than usual.

My January income is already 2 times of both November and December combined.

Proof that Facebook Likes is not necessarily equivalent to income.

.

桃李滿天下

For the first time ever in my 12 workshops, a workshop participant came up to me with a bag of plump Australian cherries, at my Wealth Manifestation workshop yesterday.

My first workshop in 2018.

She bought a pack for me, when she was shopping for cherries herself.

I like cherries very much, ever since I had a red sugary one on top of my Swensen's ice-cream sundae.

One of my favourite ice-cream flavours is Ben & Jerry's Cherry Garcia.

Fruits represent harvest.

In Singapore, cherries are more expensive, compared to the usual oranges and bananas.

You can say that they are the classier kind of fruits.

While my mum had always taught me not accept food from strangers, I happily received the fruity gift from Mevlin with thanks.

It was in a Giant plastic bag.

I recognise this as an auspicious sign that my work in 2018 will bring me bountiful rewards, and my reach will gigantically extend beyond the shores of Singapore.

(Actually Mevlin had came for my workshop in Nov 2016, so she isn't a stranger to me. 😁)

.

接財神

Leaving the workshop venue, while cruising down the long Geylang road, I caught sight of a towering inflatable smiley God of Fortune.

I asked the Husband to make a Uturn at the lorongs so that I could have a photo taken with the first God of Fortune I see in 2018.

The Husband asked for permission to snap a photo, from the friendly Uncle, seated in front of the hamper shop.

The Uncle grinned and replied, "可以！這是好兆頭！"

("Can! This is a good sign!")

.

修福修慧

Back home, I laid out the red packets that I need to pray for.

I picked up this ritual from my Shifu, Master Dai Hu.

Every red packet he receives from his client, no matter the amount, he will do a short 5-minute prayer and dedicate the merits to the client.

I have seen him done so for the past 12 years.

While most people are happy to earn money and spend on themselves, Shifu makes sure he does the prayer, so that the client will have some of his negative karma eradicated.

He often reminds me that it is very tough for most people to earn more money, because their daily conduct are not virtuous.

They are like hamsters in a running wheel, caged up and not knowing what will come next.

Most people react to Life instead of moving ahead of Life.

They have no control over their destiny because they lack the wisdom and benefactor guidance. Some are blinded by lures of easy success.

As a person who is ahead of them, Shifu sees it as his duty to bestow blessings to his clients, not just in the form of Chinese Metaphysics help.

He imparts wisdom to his clients and swears by teaching a man how to fish, rather than giving him a fish outright.

Poverty, debts, lack of growth in career, no recognition at workplace, no benefactors, family disharmony, losing money in investments...

Are all signs of depleting merits and negative karma.

Only when these blouders of negative karma are moved away, and the client mends his conduct to a more virtuous self, Chinese Metaphysics will then be able to manifest its full power to help the client.

That is why Shifu always does the prayer within the same day of receiving it.

He says, "One never knows what might happen the next day to the client, if I don't do the prayer in time."

.

先知

In Chinese Metaphysics, there is a divination practise known as 梅花易數, Plum Blossom Oracle.

One can gain an insight into the unknown future, based on what he sees, hears, smells, experiences, and the movement in his surroundings, the people he interacts with, the animals that move around him, and the timings of the happenings.

There is a lot more technicality to it but in short, what we do and experience everyday is always a glimpse into the future.

We are sensory animals. I'm sure if you are in bad luck, you would know without an expert telling you.

You just don't know what to do to get out of it.

The biggest mentality difference between a layman and a wise expert is that...

A layman reacts.

A wise expert preempts.

.

窮人相

Yesterday at the workshop, I told my students that if you are penniless, don't expect anyone to sympathise you.

It is your own responsibility to be sufficiently affluent.

Make sure you return what you have borrowed.

Don't hanker for handouts or favours, because the more you take from others, the more you will be karmically indebted.

When you meet-up at a cafe, order something even if it's only a cup of tea.

People are running a business. There's labour, rental, water and electricity bills to pay.

You are using their facility.

To not pay in one way or another is stealing.

Don't grumble or whine when you hit a wall of bad luck. This will add on to the negative energy around you, pushing the God of Fortune further and further away from you.

The God of Fortune is always jovial. He laughs when he gives a lot of money away to many people. He does not sulk, cry, or stinge.

Everybody likes to see the God of Fortune. He is well-liked and has great affinity with millions of people.

It is a joke that talent brings in money.

If you want more people to like you enough to push their hard-earned money to you, buy your products and services...

You need 眾生緣.

The affinity with sentient beings.

Think Jackie Chan, Mark Zuckerberg, Michael Jackson, JK Rowling.

In simplistic terms, when no one owes you, no one will give you money.

How many people have you helped?

How many people's lives have you changed for the better?

Did you help the right people?

How much love and happiness have you given to others?

How much wisdom have you inculcated in them?

What is your motive for helping?

Why do you deserve to be rich?

What are you going to do with all the money?

A poor man can still give his time, effort, and a listening ear. Or donate blood to save a life.

I recognised my lack of affinity with sentient beings in my Bazi. I had incurred 5-figure losses in 2 failed businesses.

I am now making up for lost time, with the amount and depth of content I produce on my Facebook consistently.

I don't do it with a profit mindset.

When you Like my content, comment or share it, and your FB friends get to read it, you are also forming better affinities with sentient beings. #leverage

All these are like savings.

When you are down in your luck, or your negative karma manifests itself, these savings will pull you up in the form of benefactors appearing.

I am aware that some of you read my Facebook to get your dose of happiness, wisdom and positivity.

I am generally not an optimistic person, if not for the Dharma I learnt.

On the other hand, I am also aware that there are people with malicious intent consuming my content.

Should I write less than? No. An affinity formed is an affinity formed.

If it's untruth that is spoken, if malice is the true intent, the person is still indebted to me karmically.

But if it is me who had done that to him or her previously, then all is even.

In any case, it's troublesome and distracting to keep track of who is doing what behind my back.

I also know some of you wanted to get a seat at my workshop but couldn't afford to.

If money is painful for you to talk about, implement what I recommend in this post everyday.

I had been posting here for the past 2 years.

Original content, not just shared posts.

It still feels surreal that strangers are willing to pay to see and hear me talk.

I don't market myself aggressively or go for meet ups to put my name out there. I'm not sociable.

I focus on my content.

Money still comes.

Especially now that I am much better than 3 months ago.

If you are struggling now, think about what you should improve about yourself.

And do it! Don't stick to the same old way of living life.

Disaster is often a recipe for success.

Success, when mismanaged, can also lead to disaster.

When you unravel these two, you will realise they actually mean the same thing.

人要懂得靈活變通。

Riches come easier to those who have a flexible mind and virtuous conduct.

Oh, good mental and physical health is always the greatest wealth.

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Introducing Powerful New Capabilities with Adobe Sign
Adobe Sign is the fast, easy, secure way to bring trusted e-signatures to every organization and department including HR, sales, IT, legal and procurement, to name a few. New functionality includes:

· Transforming digital experiences – The integration between Adobe Sign and Experience Manager Forms turns complex, form-based processes into simple, engaging, mobile-optimized digital experiences across the entire customer journey. This includes how a person discovers the right form that they need, fills it out easily and successfully on any device, electronically signs it, and gets status updates once it is submitted. Using the integration between Adobe Sign and Adobe Marketing Cloud, organizations can provide responsive, adaptive experiences, enable personalization to continually improve the user experience with Adobe Target, and analyze and optimize performance with Adobe Analytics. Government, financial services and healthcare are just a few of the industries that will benefit from this service.


· Furthering global e-signature and digital signature adoption – Building on widespread adoption in Europe, and as part of a global rollout, new data centers are now live in the EU. With a secure, standards-based approach, Adobe Sign meets the most stringent legal requirements so European organizations can go digital in compliance with eIDAS, the new EU signature regulation set to take effect in July 2016.


· Delivering enhanced mobile signing – Sending, tracking and managing documents on tablets and smartphones is now easier than ever with the Adobe Sign app for iOS and Android (formerly Adobe eSign Manager DC). An updated dashboard and improved send for signature workflow enable users to be even more productive on any device.


Rapidly Expanding Document Cloud Partner Ecosystem
Adobe is focused on enabling people to use Document Cloud with solutions they already use as part of their day-to-day work. Document Cloud already offers integrations with industry leaders like Apttus, Dropbox, Salesforce, Workday, and more. Adobe today is unveiling integrations with best-in-class cloud storage providers Box and Microsoft, along with new and expanded Adobe Sign integrations that span key business solutions and workflows.

· Box – New offerings integrate Acrobat DC, Acrobat Reader and Adobe Sign with Box to simplify document workflows, as well as e-signature processes for enterprises. Whether users start from Box or Adobe, with just a few clicks they will be able to view and edit PDFs without any downloading, and ensure that the latest version is automatically secured in Box. Additionally, users can open Box files directly in Adobe Sign to provide an electronic signature on important contracts and paperwork, centralizing all updates in Box and streamlining the approval process.


· Microsoft OneDrive – New integration with Acrobat DC, Acrobat Reader and Microsoft OneDrive allows organizations to access and work on PDF files stored in OneDrive directly from within the Adobe apps. With a few clicks in Acrobat on the desktop, users can view and work on PDF files stored in OneDrive while ensuring documents always remain synced. In addition, iOS users can access PDFs in OneDrive from the Acrobat Reader mobile app via the universal document picker, enabling them to work with PDF files anywhere.



· Salesforce – The latest release of Adobe Sign significantly improves a user’s experience. Expected to be available in beta in May 2016, the update features the enhanced Salesforce Lightning user experience across any device, plus support for customizing the app with the drag-and-drop interface of Salesforce Lightning Components—while also providing compelling new features like signing groups and hybrid signing order. SteelBrick, recently acquired by Salesforce, also has an existing integration with Adobe Sign for helping speed the Configure Price Quote (CPQ) process.



· Adobe Sign Ecosystem Momentum – Many new and updated integrations significantly expand the Adobe Sign ecosystem across common enterprise solutions—such as business process automation, contract lifecycle management and enterprise resource planning—and include Advanced Software Concepts (ASC), Buildium, McKesson Contract Manager, Namely, Oracle, SciQuest, SpringCM, and ThinkSmart.


Ongoing Innovation with Subscription to Acrobat DC
At the heart of Document Cloud, a subscription to Acrobat DC delivers instant access to new features and enhancements as soon as they’re available. Today, Adobe introduced:

· Updated tools for everyday use – Modernized commenting and annotation tools are now fully updated with an intuitive, touch-friendly interface that makes it easier than ever to give and get fast, clear feedback; a highlighter pen can now mark up scanned documents without the need for optical character recognition (OCR); and paper-to-digital workflows like scanning are now optimized to deliver the best results.



· Unrivaled accessibility – Adobe is adding critical menu and dialog updates to enhance the experience for users with visual impairments who rely on Acrobat DC to work with PDFs. The Home view and Save As options can now be read aloud by screen readers for greater accessibility.



· Streamlined deployment – Adobe team and enterprise customers can now deploy and update Acrobat DC with Creative Cloud apps using the Adobe Creative Cloud packager.


Pricing and Availability
· The new Adobe Sign capabilities are expected to be available to customers in May 2016. Find out more.

· The new Acrobat features will be automatically available to subscribers of Acrobat DC in May 2016. Find out more.

· The ability to add a Box account to Acrobat DC and Acrobat Reader on desktop is expected by the end of May 2016. The ability for Acrobat Reader mobile users on iPhone and iPad to select Box as their preferred cloud service from the iOS document picker is expected by the end of June 2016. Initial access to Acrobat DC and Adobe Sign from the Box website is expected by the end of May 2016, with deeper integration expected by Fall 2016.

· The ability to add a OneDrive account to Acrobat DC and Acrobat Reader on desktop, and the ability for Acrobat Reader mobile users on iPhone and iPad to select OneDrive as their preferred cloud storage provider from the iOS universal document picker, is expected by the end of June 2016.

¹IDC InfoBrief, sponsored by Adobe, Business Transformation Through Smarter Document Workflows, April 2016.

Helpful Links:
· Learn more about Adobe Sign

· Learn more about Adobe Sign and Experience Manager Forms for paperless onboarding

· Hear from Adobe EVP and GM Bryan Lamkin on meeting customer needs with Document Cloud

· Learn more about advancements in Document Cloud from Adobe VP of product management, Jon Perera

· Read the blog on e-signature advancements in Europe by Dan Puterbaugh, director and associate general counsel, Adobe

· Read the guest blog from Box

· Follow us on Adobe SEA Facebook page


About Adobe

Adobe is changing the world through digital experiences. For more information, visit www.adobe.com/sea.

After missing the past 11 games for the Golden State Warriors with a right ankle sprain, Stephen Curry returned in emphatic fashion Saturday night.

The two-time NBA MVP exploded for 38 points, shot 13-for-17 from the floor and nailed a season-high 10 of 13 3-pointers in 26 minutes to guide the Warriors to a 141-128 win over the Memphis Grizzlies.

"I just wanted that feeling again," Curry said. "It was pretty special.

"It felt like it was the first day of school again."

It was Curry's ninth 30-point game of the season, and his 10 treys were the highest total for any NBA player this season. Although it was nearly a month since he last played, Curry appeared not to have missed a beat.

"I was just happy to be back out there with my guys," he said. "You sit and watch for 11 games, you just wonder what it's going to be like to get back out there, and I finally got that opportunity. I really didn't know what to expect. I just wanted to get some good reps, get up and down, see how my wind was and, surprisingly, I think my body felt way better than I expected."

Warriors head coach Steve Kerr wasn't surprised as Curry enjoyed the second-most efficient game of his career when shooting 10 or more shots.

"Most guys you would say when they come back, maybe they'll struggle a little bit to find their rhythm, but you don't say that about Steph," Kerr said, "because all it takes is one and he can be feeling it."

Even though Curry was on a minutes restriction, it didn't restrict his offensive prowess. He did whatever he wanted. Whether it was driving to the hole, popping in transition or moving around screens, the Grizzlies simply didn't have an answer for him.

Curry played the first eight minutes of the game, producing seven points on two layups and a 3 from the top of the key.

Some 14 of Golden State's 37 assists occurred in the first quarter, a mark that was one assist off the franchise record for assists in a period.

If there was any doubt Curry wasn't his old self, a play late in the second quarter reminded fans of just how special he is. Curry passed the ball to Zaza Pachulia along the baseline and then ran behind the big man. Pachulia, without looking back, bounced the ball between his legs to Curry, and with the flick of his wrist the sharpshooter quickly got the shot off and drained a corner 3-pointer. Many of the fans in attendance at Oracle Arena jumped out of their seats.

GUARDIAN
LOCKED ON
SHH...

Ana Amari was one of Egypt's most skilled snipers. During the Omnic Crisis, Egypt was forced to collect a team of snipers to support their military. Ana's marksmanship, instincts, and use of her cybernetic eye allowed her to gain a reputation as the army's finest. She was chosen to be a part of the original Overwatch strike team, alongside Jack Morrison, Gabriel Reyes, Reinhardt Wilhelm, Torbjörn Lindholm, and Liao. When the crisis ended, Ana became second in command after Morrison.

At the age of 28, Ana had a child, Fareeha Amari. Fareeha was raised amongst Overwatch's agents, and wanted to someday join their ranks. Ana, however, knew firsthand what combat is like, and hoped Fareeha would reconsider.

In Legacy, Ana, now in her fifties, accompanied a mission to rescue hostages from Talon. She provided support from a nearby building using a Kinamura rifle. When other Overwatch agents were shot down by a Talon sniper, Ana used explosive drones to create a diversion while the rest of the team escaped. She later came face to face with the sniper, but hesitated to take the shot when she found out the sniper was Amélie Lacroix, now Widowmaker. Widowmaker was able to shoot first, and Ana's cybernetic eye was shattered.

Ana was thought to be dead, and spent some time under the radar to reflect on her life. Soon, however, she decided that she could not afford to stop fighting. After sending a letter to her daughter, Ana returned to combat with a repurposed Biotic Rifle.

ANA SUPPORT
BIOTIC RIFLE
Ana’s rifle shoots darts that can restore health to her allies or deal ongoing damage to her enemies. She can use the rifle’s scope to zoom in on targets and make highly accurate shots.

SLEEP DART
Ana fires a dart from her sidearm, rendering an enemy unconscious (though any damage will rouse them).

BIOTIC GRENADE
Ana tosses a biotic bomb that deals damage to enemies and heals allies in a small area of effect. Affected allies briefly receive increased healing from all sources, while enemies caught in the blast cannot be healed for a few moments.

NANO BOOST
After Ana hits one of her allies with a combat boost, they temporarily move faster, deal more damage, and take less damage from enemies’ attacks.


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Vilified when he left and celebrated when he returned, LeBron James had spent the past two seasons lugging his city’s championship dreams like a bag of rocks. The weight had only grown more cumbersome — the weight of history, of disappointment, of missed opportunities.

James could feel it all on his sturdy shoulders.

On Sunday night, before a dazed and defeated crowd at Oracle Arena, James delivered on the grandest stage of his superhuman career, leading the Cleveland Cavaliers to their first championship in franchise history with a 93-89 victory over the Golden State Warriors in Game 7 of the N.B.A. finals.

“I came back for a reason,” James said. “I came back to bring a championship to our city.”

James collected 27 points, 11 rebounds and 11 assists to punctuate one of the most remarkable individual performances in finals history. James, who was named the finals’ most valuable player, got ample help from his teammate Kyrie Irving, whose 3-pointer with 53 seconds remaining gave the Cavaliers the lead — and an improbable title.

Improbable because the Cavaliers became the first team to rally from a 3-1 series deficit to win a championship. Improbable because the Warriors, after setting an N.B.A. record with 73 victories in the regular season, had spent months making the case that they were the most dominant team since Dr. James Naismith first affixed a peach basket to a wall.

And improbable, above all, because of Cleveland’s ragtag history as an also-ran. Not since 1964, when the Browns won the N.F.L. championship, had the city claimed a major sports title.

James, who grew up in nearby Akron, has forever changed all of that. He stuffed the series with thunderous dunks and fadeaway jumpers, blocked shots and glowering expressions, towing his teammates along in his ferocious wake. James won two championships with the Miami Heat, but this was his first with the Cavaliers — and his first for Ohio.

Not even the Warriors, who were pursuing back-to-back championships in a repeat of last year’s finals matchup, could slow his march.

N.B.A. Finals Game 7: Highlights and Analysis

Opinion Op-Ed Contributor
Cleveland Is Believeland JUNE 19, 2016

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N.B.A. Finals Legend or Loser? It Often Comes Down to Circumstance JUNE 19, 2016

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With Swat of Stephen Curry, LeBron James Jolted a Debate JUNE 18, 2016

As Warriors Prepare for Game 7 Pressure, LeBron James Says He Doesn’t Feel Any JUNE 18, 2016
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“The game always gives back to people that are true to the game,” James said. “I’ve watched it. I know the history of the game, and I was just calm. I was calm.”