**徵才中**
JD - PRODUCER (English Podcasts) at Ghost Island Media 鬼島之音
Ghost Island Media is a podcast network based in Taipei, Taiwan. We create and curate informative and engaging audio shows featuring breakout voices. Our eight shows range widely in topics: climate, cannabis, storytelling, audio documentaries, journalism, diplomacy and more. Our shows are in English or Mandarin, and our audiences are global. We are looking for a producer to join our team.
-------- WORK WITH GHOST ISLAND MEDIA --------
We are a small team of writers, creators, and producers and we work with a dynamic cast of hosts and collaborators. We are bilingual and mostly multi-cultural. We launched our first show in April 2019.
Our show on cannabis ”大麻煩不煩” won “Best Show Host” at the 2021 KKBOX Podcast Awards in Taiwan. Our current-affairs show, “The Taiwan Take” was finalist at the 2020 Excellent Journalism Award in Taiwan. Our climate show, “Waste Not Why Not” is a recognized “Global Circular Economy Solution” by SITRA Fund in Finland. In May 2021 we launched Taiwan’s first audio documentary podcast.
-------- YOUR ROLE --------
Podcasts: You will work closely with executive producers, hosts, and assistants to create and present new episodes. You will also help shows grow and contribute to the development of new shows.
Network: You will work alongside cofounders to grow the network through programming and partnerships.
You are a storyteller with experience in writing, audio, visual, or interactive. You believe in advocacy, social impact, and the positive power of media. You are a team player. You might even be weird. Your tasks will include:
+ Identify and pitch new episodes
+ Research and book guests
+ Conduct pre-interviews and draft episode outlines or scripts
+ Recording
+ Editing, packaging audio files
+ Publishing on RSS platforms and social media
-------- YOU SHOULD BE / HAVE --------
+ A love for storytelling
+ Strong research, writing, and analytical skills
+ Detailed oriented and above-average organizational skills
+ Native fluency in English
+ A podcast listener
+ Heavy consumer of culture and media in wherever your interests may be
+ Knowledge of world news, geopolitics, and the current zeitgeist
+ Expertise in something that's uniquely you
+ Curiosity and the ability to engage in conversations on topics you're unfamiliar with
+ Ability to ask insightful questions that push conversations forward
-------- HELPFUL IF YOU HAVE, BUT NOT REQUIRED --------
+ Fluency in Mandarin and/or a third language
+ Podcasting or radio experience
+ Newsroom experience
+ Research experience at a graduate level
+ Familiarity with the news, entertainment, education, gaming, and publishing industries
+ Include in your email to us guesses on why I picked these three photo stills
+ Knowledge of social media trends and internet culture
+ Experience with and/or an eye for graphic design and video editing
Candidates should send CV and salary expectation to web@ghostisland.media
Looking forward to hearing from you!!
同時也有10000部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2,910的網紅コバにゃんチャンネル,也在其Youtube影片中提到,...
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淺談「假新聞」
最近上課時學到一個新單字「positionality」,讓我想到當前社群媒體上,不停看到的「fake news」——假新聞。
簡言之,「positionality」(位置性) 被定義為於種族、階級、性別、性取向以及能力等狀態中,創造你身分的社會與政治背景。位置性還描述了你的身分如何影響你對世界的理解與看法,以及潛在的偏見。
positionality 位置性;定位
https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/3390885/
https://www.lexico.com/definition/positionality
以下是我對「positionality」與 「fake news」的些許觀點:
“Fake news” has permeated all facets of life, ranging from social media interaction to presidential elections. Fake news can be defined as “fabricated information that mimics news media content in form but not in organizational process or intent” (Lazer et al., 2018, p. 1094). The creators and outlets of fake news do not ensure the accuracy and credibility of information, but rather disseminate misinformation or disinformation for purposes ranging from personal amusement to creating deceptions to achieve political aims. At times, fake news is created and disseminated by state or non-state actors using social media accounts and networks of bots designed to hijack feed algorithms of platforms such as Twitter or Facebook (Prier, 2017, p. 54). In the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign, Facebook estimated that up to 60 million bots were used to post political content. Some of the same bots were then used in an attempt to influence the 2017 French election (Lazer et al., 2018, p. 1095). Such campaigns can be understood as a form of information warfare, a comprehensive attempt to control and influence every facet of the information supply chain, thereby influencing public opinion and behaviors. (Prier, 2017, p. 54). Often, fake news is not directly created by actors that seek to manipulate but by journalists or content creators whose content favors or aligns with the narratives of these actors (Doshi, 2020).
從社群媒體的互動到總統選舉,「假新聞」(fake news)已滲透至生活的各個層面。假新聞可被定義為「在形式上而非組織過程或意圖上,模仿新聞媒體內容所捏造的資訊」(Lazer et al., 2018, p. 1094)。無論是出於個人愛好或為達政治目的而有所欺瞞,假新聞的製造者與傳播管道並不保證資訊的準確性與可信度,反而是為了散播錯誤訊息(misinformation)或扭曲訊息(disinformation)。有時,假新聞是由國家或非國家行為者(state or non-state actors)所製造與傳播,藉由社群媒體帳號及網絡機器人來劫持諸如臉書與推特等平臺的推送演算法(Prier, 2017, p. 54)。在2016年的美國總統大選中,臉書估計有多達6千萬個機器人被用來發布政治貼文。其中,有部分機器人被用於影響隔年的法國大選(Lazer et al., 2018, p. 1095)。此類行動可視為資訊戰(information warfare)的一種形式,一種對控制與影響資訊供應鏈各環節的全面嘗試,從而影響公眾輿論與行為(Prier, 2017, p. 54)。假新聞通常是由記者或內容創造者(content creators)所創造,而非試圖操弄的行為者,前者的內容偏好符合後者的敘事(Doshi, 2020)。
Nevertheless, while the term “fake news” is commonplace, there is no universal, measurable way to quantify the fakeness or truthfulness of news. There are many fact-checking and media-bias detection tools, but they cannot objectively detect and clarify the more subtle and nuanced aims of manipulative actors that play a crucial role in news production. It can also be argued that the veracity of news depends not only on the actors that seek to manipulate it, but also on the positionality of its consumers. Therefore, one’s initial line of defense against misleading news lies not in the plethora of fact-checking devices but more in one’s pre-existing dispositions and skills to think and act in response to misleading information. This ability can be referred to as critical thinking, which can be more concretely expounded as “reasonable and reflective thinking focused on deciding what to believe or do” (Ennis, 2011, p. 15).
然而,即便「假新聞」一詞隨處可見,卻沒有統一、可衡量的方式來量化新聞的虛假性或真實性。目前有許多事實查核與媒體偏見檢測工具,但它們無法客觀地檢測與說明行為操弄者更狡猾、更細緻的目標,而這些操弄者往往在新聞的生產中發揮著重要作用。我們也可以說,新聞的真實性不僅取決於試圖操弄它的行為者,同時還取決於新聞受眾的位置性。因此,一個人對抗誤導性新聞的第一道防線,不在於這些五花八門的事實查核方式,反而在於個人所固有的性格,以及針對誤導性資訊的思考與行動等相關技能。這種能力可稱為批判性思考(critical thinking),意即「專注於決定相信什麼或做什麼的理性思考與反思性思考」(Ennis, 2011, p. 15)。
Taiwan, also known as the Republic of China (ROC), is at the forefront of information warfare. It is wedged between the geopolitical struggles of global and regional hegemonies such as the United States and China, the People's Republic of China (PRC). Compounding the matter are the Taiwan’s own political actors vying for influence and power. This struggle seeps into all aspects of life and practice, mainly manifesting itself on social media, a battleground of information warfare. The Ministry of Education of Taiwan is cognizant of these information campaigns, and efforts have been made to introduce media literacy into all parts of its education system. According to the ministry, the government has tried to promote media literacy education since 2000 (MOE, 2002, p. 1), with one of its primary goals to cultivate its “citizens” abilities for independent learning, critical thinking, and problem solving” (MOE, 2002, p. 2).
臺灣,也被稱為中華民國,正處於資訊戰的最前線。這是全球霸權與地區霸權之間——如美國與中國(中華人民共和國)——的地緣政治對抗。使問題惡化的是臺灣自身的政治行動者對影響力與權力的奪取。這場對抗遍布於現實生活的各個面向,主要於社群媒體中——資訊戰的戰場——展露無遺。臺灣的教育部注意到了這些資訊的煙硝,並已努力將媒體素養引入其教育體系。據該部稱,自2000年以來,政府一直試圖推展媒體素養教育(MOE, 2002, p. 1),其主要目標之一是培養「公民獨立學習、批判性思考以及解決問題的能力。」(MOE, 2002, p. 2)。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
上述段落認為,由於個人的位置性(positionality),「假新聞」極難定義。此外,有許多人把不符合自身成見與偏好的新聞逕斥為假新聞。這其實相當危險,因為個人觀點將會變得愈發孤立與激進。
閱聽人應意識到,他們在網路上看到的每個資訊都有特定立場。是否真有毫無立場的新聞文章?為了對抗操弄性或強制性資訊(coercive information),我們必須意識到權力於個中的作用,以及我們自身的位置性如何形塑我們的詮釋。這是我們的第一道防線。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
參考文獻
Doshi, R. (2020, January). China steps up its information war in Taiwan. Foreign Affairs. Retrieved March, 21, 2021, from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-01-09/china-steps-its-information-war-taiwan
Ennis, R. H. (1985). A logical basis for measuring critical thinking skills. Educational leadership, 43(2), 44-48.
Lazer, D. M., Baum, M. A., Benkler, Y., Berinsky, A. J., Greenhill, K. M., Menczer, F., ... & Zittrain, J. L. (2018). The science of fake news. Science, 359(6380), 1094-1096.
MOE (Ministry of Education), Taiwan. (2002). White paper on media literacy educational policy. Retrieved March, 21, 2021, from http://english.moe.gov.tw/public/Attachment/ 2122416591771.pdf
Prier, J. (2017). Commanding the trend: Social media as information warfare. Strategic Studies Quarterly: SSQ, 11(4), 50-85.
★★★★★★★★★★★★
教育時評: http://bit.ly/39ABON9
相關詞彙: https://bit.ly/2UncrfI
TED相關影片: https://bit.ly/3BDsDKl
organizational power 在 91 敏捷開發之路 Facebook 的最佳貼文
最近因為 Zappos 的 Tony 不幸離開人世,所以也出現蠻多對 Zappos 後來的 Holacracy 計畫的相關討論。
簡單摘要一下網頁上 WHY PRACTICE HOLACRACY 的片段:
## THEY’RE PURPOSE-DRIVEN
Holacracy-powered organizations focus on purpose at every level of scale: organizational purpose, team purpose, and individual purpose are all explicit and aligned.
Every team member directs their energy in alignment with the broader mission, unlocking your organization’s full potential.
組織內每個層級都關注在 purpose,包含組織、團隊、還有個人。至少你有很明確的目標想要達成,因為有你想要完成的事,你就比較願意發自內心去做。
這也是動機三要素(Purpose, Mastery, Autonomy)的一環。(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive:_The_Surprising_Truth_About_What_Motivates_Us)
## THEY’RE RESPONSIVE
Everyone acts as a sensor for the organization and has pathways to turn their challenges and opportunities into improvements for the organization.
Smaller, incremental decisions replace large scale re-orgs so your organization can respond quickly to a shifting environment and maintain agility as you grow.
用小、頻繁、增量/修正的方式去做決策,每個第一線的執行成員都清楚目標,都想為了公司好,因此他們能在第一時間做出「自己覺得對組織有幫助的決定」
快速反應現況並做出調整,這跟敏捷的基本精神是相同的。
## THEY USE EXPLICIT “RULES OF THE GAME”
Holacracy replaces the management hierarchy with a way of operating that sets clear expectations and creates transparent authority at every level in the organization.
This reduces inefficiencies and undercuts hidden power dynamics throughout your organization.
扁平化組織的其中一個重要要素,就是授權跟透明。
這也是自組織管理的一環,每個人擁有足夠的自律、目標明確、擁有做決策的權力。
這一環一樣扣著動機三要素之一的 Autonomy。
某種程度就是避開大型組織裡面最讓人厭煩的3個問題:
1) 政治鬥爭問題
2) 決策緩慢、流程冗長問題
3) 爭功諉過,出事就是先找誰要負責,白紙黑字畫押
## THEIR ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES ARE TRANSPARENT
Static job descriptions and corporate titles become dynamic roles and responsibilities that are transparent and evolve as the organization changes.
This clarity helps organizations scale while streamlining work and maintaining clear ownership.
title 不重要,role 也是動態的,一切都是動態的,會讓很多人很不適應,但也只有動態的,才能具備「反應」。
因為動態,所以角色、職責透明就更顯得重要。呼應一下 scrum 三支柱:inspection, adaption, transparency。(https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#scrum-theory)
-------
Odd-e 就是一種無主管公司 ,Holacracy style 的運作模式。
對我們來說,agile, scrum, LeSS 從來不是 buzzword,不是術語,不是啥方法論,而是我們浸到骨子裡的合作、運作方式。
我們組織只有一層,每個團隊可以自己決定團隊所有事情(團隊內的決策,成員的招募與去留),每個個人可以決定自己個人所有事情(包括你的薪水、你要做的工作),公司層面的事情則要公司每個人一起決定(完全分權)
有機會再來多分享一些 Odd-e 有趣的地方,這一篇我想講的是Holacracy 不是神話,也不是烏托邦。
Zappos 改採 Holacracy 一個最大的關鍵在於,是已經有一堆人招進來了,才開始改變文化跟組織,還是大部分的人都是在扁平的組織跟文化後招募進來的。
以 Odd-e 來說,在公司只有2個人時就是為了扁平、自由、自組織,扁平不難,是「找到想要扁平、自由、能把自己當老闆的人」很難。
也就是其實難的不是組織文化,而是招募。
所以我們想找一個人進來,少說都要認識2-3年,觀察過、合作過,才可能找進來當夥伴,這種就是小而美的規模,把招募的 bar 拉到最高,業務只吃現有人員能負擔的。(因為找我們效果都很不錯,但我們人少,就很常得推掉工作,或是我們會挑合得來、有心做的客戶)
另一個比較大規模的例子是 Morning Star(不是台灣的晨星,而是做番茄加工的, 參考:https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/article_content_AR0001907.html )以及 Semco (參考:https://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E5%A1%9E%E6%B0%8F%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8)
某種程度 VALVE 的文化跟組織也有這種傾向。(參考:
- 員工手冊上:https://www.inside.com.tw/article/1495-valve-handbook-for-new-employees-part1
- 員工手冊下:https://www.inside.com.tw/article/1496-valve-handbook-for-new-employees-part2 )
說實在話,以公司而言,Holacracy 絕對不是一個能獲得最大營收或利潤的經營模式。
更偏向是一種 #浪漫主義,能持續待在這樣公司文化與組織裡面工作的員工,他會工作得很開心。而公司只要商業模式不偏差太遠,還是能夠持續獲利,只是肯定不是眼前的獲利最大化。
身為公司的經營者(大部分)與股東,很多人更重視營收與利潤。
而我們就是一群遊俠,希望能創造一間我們也想去,我們在裡面會很開心的公司文化,而不是凡是只考量營利最大化。我們更重視每一位夥伴之間的連結、合作、火花,對我們來說,人生有很多事情比財富、營收更有意義。
#Holacracy
#動機三要素
#Scrum三支柱
#敏捷
#自組織管理
#無主管公司
#浪漫主義
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