[讀書]
這本書特別建議醫學院的老師們、期待孩子唸醫學系的家長們,還有醫學生、醫師和醫師家人閱讀。
很高興可以看到這樣的書籍,也謝謝出版社讓我直接貼上推薦文(實在沒力氣再寫一篇哈哈😅),希望這是醫學訓練過程更人性思考的開始。
推薦序:
提供從醫者所需的韌性訓練與心理支持
這是一本慎重看待、省思醫學界中各種現實面向的著作。我們常常說,醫師也是人,意思是醫師不可能像神一樣無所不能,醫師也會無助、也有失敗、更常常自我質疑,或是有許多無法面對的時刻。醫師不是神,但是醫師的日常所承擔的悲傷、挫折以及挑戰,卻是一般人的數倍,原因在於,醫學訓練是嚴苛的,醫學服務過程看到的多數現實是殘酷的,提供醫學照護的人自己也時常面對衝突、掙扎甚至反覆質疑,而且,通常不知如何紓解或不敢求助。
我是大學聯考之後填志願分發的年代,那時候進醫學系的條件就是書讀得好、考試能考到夠高分,且當時還未實施健保,醫師收入與社會聲望都明顯優勢,社會的職業價值也尚未多元,所謂第三類組的第一志願,就是當醫師,有不少學校有醫科專班,或以每年醫學系上榜人數為招生強項;因此,除非非常洞察自己特質,並得到家庭的支持,或許有機會不依著各校系志願排名填志願;不然,「考得上就去唸」,是最多數醫學系學生入學的原因。
我一直記得大學一年級體檢時,有同學在被抽血的時候暈倒了。那個同學後來在學校時如何面對把活青蛙的心臟剖出來,如何克服實習時的注射工作,和值班清晨睡眼惺忪之時,趕在晨會前要抽完的數十管血液檢體,沒有人知道。
我們倒是都知道,每年,會輾轉聽到,某一個學校的醫學生,本來是數理天才,但在家庭期望下念了醫學系,然後,罹患精神疾病,退學了;或者,某個剛進入臨床的實習醫師,跳樓自殺。而我們只有提醒自己,要更強一點,要撐住。
我的實習同學在主治醫師跟家屬講解末期肝癌病情的時候忍住淚水,回到值班室才感同身受的掉眼淚;我們都想關心那個爛了一條腿的癱瘓病人,但又怕他的環境困難超出了我們的能力;本來是來看陰道炎的病人因為她加護病房中昏迷不醒的兒子,在我診間嚎啕大哭,為了不想影響「專業形象」,我強忍眼淚,顧左右而言他;一直到多年後我自己接受了心理諮詢課程,才學習如何平衡同理心與專業。
醫院是一個很少有好消息的地方,即使診斷出疾病,治好了病人,病人終其一生也可能很難擺脫復發的陰影,或是留下住院過程的痛苦回憶。
而這些充滿負面能量的場域,就是醫師的工作日常。
面對那些難以治癒的病痛、已經缺乏求生意志的患者、難以忍受治療痛苦的病人、掙扎著呼吸的早產兒、先天疾病早夭的嬰兒,醫師怎麼可能不沮喪、不難過、不懷疑自己?但是,如果醫師自己被情緒擊垮,又要怎麼保持最專注且不受情緒干擾的診療程序?本書作者在她執業與研究的觀察中,發現了醫師的逃避,也發現醫師透過專注在情境的枯燥、事實和理性的細節,而忽略或壓抑它對一個人的感覺造成衝擊的可能性,對此作者稱之為理智化(intellectualisation)的過程。作者也留意到,醫師會有潛抑(suppression)和壓抑(repression)的雙防衛策略,藉由專注於提供安全照顧,潛抑他們想停止在病人身上施加痛苦(診斷與治療)的欲望,以及把難以承受的情感從意識裡完全排除;甚至當醫生情緒變得難以負荷時,他們會完全停止感受(頁37、38)。而這,不是與我們一再認為醫師應該「同理」病人感受、溫柔且敏感的陪伴病人除了疾病之外的其他情緒感受,是矛盾的嗎?
這也是我自己從實習開始,一直到現在執業近20年,認為對於臨床醫療人員甚至其他助人工作者最嚴苛的試煉:如何能夠永遠保有同理和最溫柔諒解的那一面,以維持說來其實殘酷的醫療照護現場。
作者也討論到了醫師在職涯上可能會面臨的困境。不少醫師因為自己身心罹病,或是發現自己並不適合臨床執業之後,無法面對「失敗感」,或不願與家人同事坦承自己希望轉換選擇;尤其是,若抱持著自身或家庭對於某些疾病治療的「使命」而進入醫學領域,卻在受訓之後體認到醫療專業的現實面,或自己擅長的並非原先所預期的專科時,必須痛苦地承認自己選科錯誤、甚至考慮是否停止臨床執業,這都是漫長而矛盾的掙扎。這部分,在台灣幾乎還未有討論;然而每年對於新科醫學生的報導,總有「因為親人罹病所以想當醫生」這樣的年輕孩子,醫學生也總是承擔了家裡最高的期盼與肯定,那些最後發現自己對這個職業與期待不同的準醫師們,我們都還未產出支持或諮商的系統。另外,因為種族、性別,或先天疾病,在受訓與職業過程可能遭受的不平等對待,也在此書的討論之中。
近幾年,台灣的高等教育入學方式改變,在擔任醫學系的甄試口試委員過程中,我與其他老師們,往往一邊帶著十分矛盾的情緒,既有對健保制度的各種抱怨,又有咬牙讀完醫學系、撐過專業醫師訓練之後的職業榮耀感,一邊聆聽著面前的高中畢業生試圖說服我們,他們「有哪些特質適合就讀醫學系,未來適合擔任醫師」。其實,我們多數能分辨,哪些年輕孩子是真心期待進入這個行業,哪些是因為家庭期待而來;也多少能發現,有些孩子對於挫折的耐受度,其實不太適合這個行業。
透過這樣的面試,篩選適合從醫的學生或是排除極端不適合的孩子,比以前僅靠成績分發,是稍微好了一些。本書中詳述了其他國家在醫學生訓練或投入專科醫師之前,有適性或心理諮商評估協助,也有對情緒衝擊或倫理挑戰的「多站迷你面試」評估,這些措施都有助於協助醫學生或年輕醫師在受訓過程中,了解自己或得到協助。
這是一本誠實窺見醫師內心矛盾衝突的書,書中關於眾多醫師無助沮喪、甚至孤立無援的真實紀錄,值得所有醫師閱讀,發現自己壓抑或不敢直視的困境;這更是一本所有醫學教育者應該閱讀與思考的書──我們有責任支持與協助年輕從醫者。
同時也有10000部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2,910的網紅コバにゃんチャンネル,也在其Youtube影片中提到,...
「repression suppression」的推薦目錄:
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- 關於repression suppression 在 Apple Daily - English Edition Facebook 的最讚貼文
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repression suppression 在 Apple Daily - English Edition Facebook 的最讚貼文
#Opinion by Helena Wong 黃碧雲|"Hong Kong’s democracy movement and civil society are being suppressed by the tyranny through severe laws and punishments. Yet I believe the suppression will only serve to reinforce Hong Kong people’s will to resist."
Read more: https://bit.ly/2UPBswm
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repression suppression 在 八鄉朱凱廸 Chu Hoi Dick Facebook 的精選貼文
【給迪士尼CEO的公開信:促披露與新疆政府達成的秘密協議】An Open Letter to Bob Chapek, CEO Walt Disney Company
I call upon Disney to disclose the details of its agreements with Xinjiang authorities, as well as all the subsidies, funding, assistances and instructions that it has received from the authorities.
As the movie is widely considered as an attempt to spread propaganda and whitewash China's cultural genocide, I also urge Disney to suspend the screening of such a controversial movie and clarify its stance on human rights violations regarding re-education camps in the region.
—————————————
[An Open Letter to Bob Chapek, CEO Walt Disney Company]
Dear Mr. Chapek,
Since the release of its teaser trailer last year, Mulan has already been under heavy global criticism. A few days ago, it was reported that Disney offers "special thanks" in its credits to eight government entities in Xinjiang where re-education camps are reportedly located, including the Turpan Municipal Bureau of Public Security. According to the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, the Turpan Municipal Bureau of Public Security is responsible for running at least 14 re-education camps in the area "to extrajudicially detain minorities."
In October 2019, the U.S. Commerce Department already placed the department on its Entry List, for participating in "human rights violations and abuses in the implementation of China's campaign of repression, mass arbitrary detention, and high-technology surveillance against Uighurs, Kazakhs, and other members of Muslim minority groups in the XUAR."
While Disney has been completely remaining silent on the Uyghur issue, its cooperations with the officials responsible for brutal crackdowns on Uighur Muslim minority really sends an alarming signal to the world - what kind of values Disney advocates for, especially when the company's target market is the children worldwide.
Besides, the film also expresses thanks to three CCP's propaganda departments in Xinjiang, from the Publicity Department of CPC Turpan Municipal Committee, the Publicity Department of the CPC Turpan Gaochang District Municipal Committee, to Publicity Department of the CPC Shanshan County Committee. It casts more doubts on whether Mulan is the propaganda masterpiece that Disney works hand in hand with the CCP government to whitewash the cultural genocide and human violations on ethnic minorities in the region.
In fact, Mulan was filmed in 2018, the same year that China staged the hardest suppression on Uyghurs in the region. The film was also shot in locations where all these re-education camps have been documented. As media reports, there are at least seven re-education camps located all along the highway from the Turpan airport to Shanshan desert where the filming took place. Turpan was also the first documented case that political indoctrination was used against Uyghurs by the Chinese authority.
According to the 2019 Report on International Religious Freedom published by the U.S. Department of State, over a million of Uighurs, ethnic Kazakhs, Hui, members of other Muslim groups and some Uighur Christians were detained in internment camps in Xinjiang and subject to "forced disappearance, political indoctrination, torture, psychological and physical and psychological abuse, including forced sterilization and sexual abuse, forced labour, and prolonged detention without trial because of their religion and ethnicity."
As the incident has sparked global concerns, I call upon Disney to disclose the details of its agreements with Xinjiang authorities, as well as all the subsidies, funding, assistances and instructions that it has received from the authorities. As the movie is widely considered as an attempt to spread propaganda and whitewash China's cultural genocide, I also urge Disney to suspend the screening of such a controversial movie and clarify its stance on human rights violations regarding re-education camps in the region.
Regards,
Joshua Wong
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repression suppression 在 Suppression & Repression: What's the Difference? - YouTube 的推薦與評價
Dr Caroline Heim and Dr Christian Heim explore defence mechanisms and the gaping difference between suppression and repression. ... <看更多>