關於 social cleavage ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

首先祝福所有的有情人都可以終成眷屬 <3
　
美國在台協會「實質上」等同於美國駐台的使館，這邊的發言就是代表美國政府（行政部門）的立場。FB上的發言不是想發就發，而是要經過層層批准的。
　
大家要知道，現在美國執政黨是屬於保守派的共和黨，政治菁英們的立場大致上可以說是反同的。
不過，正如同先前的觀察，若我們從美國的保守派媒體（例如Fox News）來看，保守派菁英們對台灣通過同婚的看法就是：這更可以證實台灣擁有一個充滿活力的公民社會、是一個完全的自由民主國家。
　
AIT貼文：https://www.facebook.com/AIT.Social.Media/posts/10157157211493490
　
從5/17以來，台灣已經成為世界媒體的中心焦點啊！還有許多國家的外交單位直接發了賀電。
　
追求平等權的路上，大家繼續一起努力！
　
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【小常識補充】
還是要再強調一次，「保守」和「自由」沒有褒貶義，就是意識型態的標籤。有些政黨甚至會直接以「保守」為名呢！例如英國現在的執政黨就是。
大致上來說保守派比較重視權威和秩序，在一些重大議題上：他們通常反墮胎、反同婚、反槍枝管制、主張減稅和比較少的社會福利、反對太多環保政策，因為覺得這樣是對個人自由的限制etc。
　
在美國所有的民調最基本的題目都會問大家覺得自己是自由派、保守派、還是中間。正如同台灣的民調常會問大家覺得自己是台灣人、中國人，或者都是（以及統獨題目）。台灣就是因為有統獨以及中國因素存在，所以人們對於左／右（或者，保守／自由）的分別（social cleavage）並不明顯。

今天，台灣法律正式承認同性婚姻，開亞洲先例，恭喜台灣！❤️❤️❤️只有在台灣這樣的民主體制之下，人權和公民權才能獲得保護和滋長。台灣LGBT社群對平等的追求是一個非常鼓舞人心的旅程，也是整個世界的榜樣。但是這樣的努力尚未完成！像台灣和美國這樣的民主體制要必須不斷努力主張維護所有人的平等和尊嚴，無論性取向、性別認同、種族和宗教。 今天，AIT社群，包括我們AIT的四對已婚同性伴侶，與台灣一同歡欣鼓舞地慶祝這個歷史性時刻。恭喜！ #Taiwan #MarriageEquality #LGBT #ItGetsBetter

Today, Taiwan officially became the first in Asia to legally recognize the marriage of same-sex couples. Congratulations, Taiwan! ❤️❤️❤️Only in a democracy such as Taiwan’s can human rights and civil rights be protected and nurtured. The Taiwan LGBT community’s quest for equality has been an inspiring journey and an example for the entire world. But the work is never done! Democracies like Taiwan and the United States must constantly strive to assert the equality and dignity of all persons, regardless of sexual orientation and gender identity, race and religion. Today, the AIT community, including AIT’s four married same-sex couples, are joyful in celebrating with Taiwan this historic moment. Congratulations！

【促轉會抓耙仔事件中可以思考的事？！】
　
促轉會「抓耙仔」事件，流出張天欽副主委在內部私下會議中的容易招致誤解的「不當」言論，民進黨政府為了社會觀感，第一時間即刻道歉止血以免傷害選情。但可惜的是，從錄音講話中隱約可以發現，張天欽跟黃煌雄主委兩人之間對於「促轉會」未來到底要循南非的真相和解模式，還是戰後德國去納粹跟東歐轉型國家的除垢模式，有著路線上的爭議，卻鮮少被討論。
　
事實上，南非的真相和解模式有其「黑白種族隔離」的背景，因此，隔離政策下產生的種族仇恨與積怨基礎上，若國家跟社會要在後隔離時代繼續前行，「取得和解」讓社會信任重建，將是轉型正義工程中的主要目標。反觀台灣，儘管中國國民黨落跑來台後的統治模式，有著一條以「族群」為分界的「社會分歧線」(social cleavage)，但基本上隨著戰後台灣資本主義工業化所帶來的快速都市化，族群分歧線在都市化過程中產生某種程度的消融。
　
同時，蔣經國為因應老K在聯合國的中國代表席位的易手、美國琵琶別抱正版中國所招致的外部統治正當性危機背景下，蔣經國的「吹台青」政策開啟本土精英的吸納，終至小蔣突然趕赴蘇州賣鴨蛋，李登輝接手後進行國民黨的本土化工程，在在讓社會原本「族群」的社會分歧感降低，並逐步讓日益突出的「中台認同分歧感」給取代。換言之，中台認同的差異的背後，除了國家認同的想像之外，其實也牽涉到民主價值跟集權專政的不同生活模式的認同選擇。
　
事實上，轉型正義的動力需求，可能來自於社會對於信任重建、斷裂司法系統的重建，以及重建一種民主治理系統等等。因此，在中國霸權崛起背景，以及中國擴張主義在遇到國際圍堵下對其所定義的「內政」範疇進行更全面的壓抑下，台灣的民主生活方式隨時受到來自外部中國，以及內部滯台中國人協力下的雙重夾擊與試煉考驗。基於此，台灣此刻「轉型正義」的主要目標是否是「社會和解」，還是捍衛民主治理體制下的生活方式呢？
　
再者，由於台灣採取分期付款式的「民主轉型」路徑，選舉成為台式民主實踐的日常；於是，民主選舉成了漂白過去不潔的手法，尤其在服務於威權政體的前愛國職業學生榮登馬哀帝寶座之時，更是對台灣「民主」最大的諷刺。記得，台灣選舉的激烈化競爭，常常讓人感嘆想要了解祖宗身世，那就投入選舉，對手一定會把祖宗十八代都給挖出來。換言之，從壞的方面來講，專挖隱私跟私德的選舉檢驗很沒格調；從好的方面來講，「選舉」可能是檢驗候選人「少有且重要的機會」呢。君不見，選舉登記前，早已有好多位擬參選人因酒駕家暴和外遇小三而退選了啊？！
　
如此觀之，屬於公共領域的「轉型正義」而為之的檢驗，難道不是一種有格調的檢驗嗎？！在未能有除垢法之前，當然不能將「侯友宜」之流的「垢」從公領域清除，但揭露候選人過去在威權政府中的人權侵犯、鎮壓或作為，不正是選舉期間才更要討論跟檢驗嗎？司法不會有選舉假期；當然，轉型正義也不能有選舉假期吧？！
　
［讀報—陳奕齊專欄］連結： https://dopost.squarespace.com/articles-4/20180915-1

从老公的角度看试管婴儿疗程

当一对夫妻要做 #IVF试管疗程时，做丈夫的应该用什么态度来面对？常常有网友告诉我说，我的老公精子不好，可是他还是不能戒烟戒酒，好不配合。要知道，不孕症不只是女人的责任，男人也是有责任。这篇文章，是以男人的角度出发，里面分享身为丈夫应该如何帮助太太一起度过疗程，文章是英文内容，是奥莉爸爸写的，奥莉爸不会中文。分享给大家😊

IVF Journey, A Husband’s Perspective

Hi all, before reading further I would like to say this is NOT an instruction or tips for IVF and hopefully readers will understand my poorly written English. This is my journey as a father of the IVF baby girl. Why am I sharing all this? It is because my wife had a Facebook page of her IVF journey at https://facebook.com/ivfjourney2015/ and she told me that majorities (not all but most) feedback indicate husband not supportive enough to commit into a journey of IVF. I’m not a true supportive husband either, least I made up my mind to make it happen.

Let’s start with “Why IVF?”
We went for a fertilization test and results with;
Husband: Teratospermia (Human language, sperm is weak for fertilization process)
Wife: Unexplained infertility (I think this is easy to understand, there is for the confirming reason for this result and we don’t go for further test after it because it will consumes too much time and money)

We married and planned to have children late 2011, both our ages were 37 in 2015 because of late marriage. My wife introduced IVF because she does not want to give up and feels regretful in future and so do I. Maybe because I did too many regretful things in the past, now I do not want this happened to my wife. At least I do it better then ignoring it.

Preparation for IVF
Financially, I know it will involve amount of 20k – 30k “Ringgit Malaysia” in the whole process depending on the situation and this is only one chance for me. I don’t have the money for a second attempt because I need to allocate funds for delivery if success.

Mentally, I do some studies/research on IVF. The whole journey took 50 days and in one of the process my wife needs to do a self-injection daily. I quickly asked my wife “Daily injection?! Do I need to fetch you to clinic daily to do this?” She answered “No, we need to do this ourselves”. A final question from me going to be “How?!” After we sat down and discuss, we comes into conclusion and I will do the injection for her. This was the most painful and nervous moment I ever experience by poking a needle to my wife’s belly EVERYDAY!

Lifestyle, 6 months earlier. My wife told me the NO’s, NO alcohol NO smoking NO midnight wandering NO stress. I said, I will fly up to the skies like butterfly if I able to do all the NO’s. It’s like a mission impossible. How can a man like me not go out to social with friends without alcohol and smoke? The joke was sleeping early! You want me to social with my friends in breakfast or lunch time? At this time, she softly said “I really wants to have a cute baby in future, it looks more like a family. Furthermore, I don’t want to have regretful moments in future”. All these words came out of my love (wife), her words melted in my heart deeply. I told her “Ok, we will go for it BUT you will need to promise me ONE IMPORTANT thing. No matter the process success or not we only have one attempt we need to accept the truth and live happily without regret in future.” she agreed.

Commitment, this is not some empty promise. I made a huge commitment to change my lifestyle into zero alcohol, tobacco and lesser stress. If comparing the pain and suffers my wife will take in this journey e.g., injection, medication effects, hormone changes and all the effects from pregnancies to delivery, mine looks more alike small potatoes (looks much more simple). Trust me guys, don't compare it, if you do and more likely you're going loose badly. For the sake of making a better future, I had fulfilled this commitment.

IVF Journey Phase 1 “Unskilled Husband Injection”
Day 1, doctor consults us for Buserelin injection. I need to inject this medication into my wife's belly each day sharp at 8AM. The nurse had guided me side by side to do the first injection.
Day 2, I started my first injection to my wife's belly without anyone guiding beside. Feels a bit nervous because this time I'm doing it all by myself. I try to hum some music to distract my wife's from looking at the needle while injecting but still she is looking at it.
Day 3 - Day 15, sometime the injection hurting and causes bleeding/bruise to her. I need to find a new spot to inject every time and sees her bruise makes my pain in the heart too. My injection skills improved dramatically. She even told me that she doesn't feel pain like the beginning stages.
Day 16, follow up 2nd checkup. Doctor said, everything goes smoothly and added another medication to inject called Gonal-F to take home and start injecting on day 23. This message never surprises me because I've been told earlier, but just that the price to pay for this medication is quite costly.
Day 17 - Day 22, nothing much on these days and we just stick on the plan as usual.

IVF Journey Phase 2 “Stressful Night”
Day 23, Gonal F injections start today. This needle doesn't look same as those earlier, it comes with medication in it and look like a pen.
Day 24 - Day 26, side effects of the Gonal F medications started. My wife is feeling irritation at the injection site, fullness, bloating and tenderness in the lower abdomen due to the increasing size of the ovaries. Her mood changes dramatically as I can tell, but she endures it and tell me she can handle it.
Day 27, follow up 3rd checkup. Doctor said wife has eggs total of 12 and is ready for Transvaginal oocyte retrieval "Human language, Egg retrieval" at day 31.
Day 28 - Day 29, final injection of Gonal F. At day 29 night, I inject Ovidrel to wife belly to that causes the growth and release of a mature egg (ovulation) for day 31.
Day 30, resting whole day. Finally, we had a day without injection and worrying about holding any needles. Today we wondering about the egg growth, not knowing will the eggs grow more or still the same amount of 12.
Day 31, egg retrieval. 8 egg success retrieves and I give out my sperm for oocytes selection on the same day. Wife given cyclogest for oval protection after the egg retrieval.

IVF Journey Phase 3 “Hopeful Embryo Culture & Embryo Transfer”
Day 32 - Day 35, rest at home. We had pillow talk every night concerning about the growth of an embryo. We also look at sample growth stages of an embryo from the web to see what the current growth stage is.
Day 36, another hopeful and nervous morning. Doctor tells us the result of embryo culture as below;
Total Embryo Retrieve: 8
Embryo Qualified for ICSI: 6
Embryo Success until Cleavage Stage (Day 2 – Day 4): 3
Embryo Success until Blastocyst Stage (Day 5): 2
Embryo Qualified / Recommended for Transfer: 1
Both our eyes looked at each other, knowing only 1 Blastocyst Embryo available to transfer and doctor tell the same after it. I really do not know how to express both our feelings into words here, as we expected to have at least 2 Blastocyst out of 8 embryos and only left 1. We both agreed to proceed this only 1 Blastocyst transfer as this is the only choice we had. It's more likely walking on a 100ft tall string with no supports mission, a single error will fail the mission.
After the transfer process, wife given a room to rest for few hours. A nurse came and give us adjunctive medications, injections and advice while resting at room.

IVF Journey Phase 4 “The Final Moment of IVF”
Day 37 - Day 49, after the transfer. This period is known as 2WW (2 Weeks Wait) with adjunctive medications, injections and be very careful. I just let her sleep/rest more on the bed, I served her every meal in the room. We're also nervous and curious about pregnancy results on day 44, we tested with cheap pregnancy tester and get got a double line on it and we do have a little hope and joy with this result. On day 47, again we test, but this time with expensive pregnancy tester and the results double line again! We're so hopeful and happy at this moment. We really hope this result is true until the next checkup.
Day 50, final checkup. My wife goes for the hCG test by giving a sample of blood, we waited 2 hours for the results. While waiting, nurse guide us to a room to rest. Wife slept and I sat beside concerned on the hCG test results. 2 hours later, the doctor invited us to look for him. Before doctor speaks, while we are sitting down, my wife's eyes were starring in the hCG results number and she spotted the hCG number is 452. She smiles happily while doctor tells her "You are pregnant and congratulations! Come back after 2 weeks to scan for baby heartbeats. And please go out to the counter and ring the bell!”

Just Sharing My Thoughts
By all means, I’m not bragging about my success. I would like to say if anyone is planning on IVF, teamwork is very important and husband play a very important role to increase the success rate. Sometimes, I do feel like a spectator than a participant myself because I never experience any of the medical exams but this is not true. Every injection I put on her belly, I feel the pain in my heart as bad as she has on the belly. Ok, nothing much to share in this IVF journey and next time I might be sharing another journey as a Father! Here is my little baby girl Facebook page奥莉 Olivia Baby - 梁童心心 https://fb.me/oliviababylove if you wish to see her growth updates.

End.

#ivf #ivfmalaysia #ivfjourney #baby #alphafertility

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得不到100个like不要怪我 hahaha