快要暑假了，想必同學即將大肆購物一番。所以喬今天要分享跟購物相關的分享：
☛ Outlet mall 購物中心
Outlet mall 與 Mall 其實不是同一種東西，兩者都是購物中心，你可以在兩者買到相同的東西；但是最大的差別在於：Outlet mall 的價格會相對低廉。
☛ Black Friday 黑色星期五
感恩節之後的禮拜五，線上與線下的店家會有非常多折扣(1折、2折, etc.)。這並不是官方假日，在美國這個日子會促成相當大的購物潮，甚至有些店家在 Black Friday 的前幾天就會開始促銷。
☛ Yard sale; Garage sale 庭院特賣、車庫特賣
春季或夏季，有些美國人會在其車庫或庭院舉辦起特賣會，販售起舊衣服、家具或者其他商品，概念有點像個人二手市場。
通常這樣的場合很容易用便宜價錢獲得好物，這特賣會也是鮮少可以跟美國人討價還價的場合。
☛ to bargain 討價還價
顧名思義，就是要求賣家以比定價更低廉的價格販售商品。通常在正常情況下在美國是行不通的一個行為，但是 Yard sale 與 Garage sale 另當別論。
☛ A steal 物超所值
Steal本意為偷竊，當你購買一個商品被形容為簡直是偷竊，意思就是太物超所值了，怎麼可以用這麼低廉的價錢購買到這麼好的商品。
A: This phone is only $100.
B: That’s a steal! I’d like to have one too!
☛ A good deal 非常好的價格
A good deal 意思與 A steal 非常類似，但是兩者有所不同：A steal 形容商品本身，但 A good deal 形容”價錢”。
錯誤說法: My item was a good deal.
正確說法: I got a good deal on my item.
☛ 20% off; $20 off
在商店會有幾種折扣方式，百分比與絕對值。
百分比：20% off 意思是少去20%的原價 (即8折)。
假設有個商品是 20% off，其原價 $100，則你要付 $100 * (1 - 0.2) = $80 購買
絕對值：$20 off 意思是有 $20 的美元絕對值折扣。
假設有個商品是 $20 off，其原價 $50，則你要付 $50 - $20 = $30 購買
☛ Overpriced 價格太高了
Don’t buy the coat there. It’s overpriced.
(不要買那邊的外套。價格太高了)
☛ A rip off 剝削
如果一個商品已經 overpriced 到離譜的程度，可以稱呼它為 a rip off (剝削)
That’s totally a rip off. How could a phone be so expensive?
(那完全是剝削！手機怎麼可能如此之貴？)
☛ Stingy 吝嗇的、小氣的
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stingy意思 在 [字彙] 紅寶書講解的page449 - 看板GRE - 批踢踢實業坊 的推薦與評價
好久沒在這邊發文啦
https://xination.pixnet.net/blog/post/29531651 for page 449
https://xination.pixnet.net/blog/post/26668775 for 之前的講解
stilted
stilt-ed
adj. 踏著高蹺的; 矯揉造作的 [unnatural; artificial ]
ex. "How are you doing", " I am doing good." This kind of routine
conversation over cashiers at grocery stores is short and friendly. I don't
think we should have a very formal and long conversation which just looks
stilted for filling the time while checking out.
etymology: stilt 與 stand是有關聯性的唷，比較好玩的是stilt這個字，過去有指的
在湖邊用木樁撐高起來的房子。
note: stilt walker
note: stilted arch
stimulus
stimul(to stick)-us
n.使生物體產生反應之物 [thing that produces a reaction in living things]
ex. In spring the warm temperature, moisture, and longer day time act as
stimuli to make plants grow quickly.
ex. I drink a cup of coffee as an stimulus for keeping awake.
ex. Central bank decreases interest rates and that brings a strong stimulus
to the current flagging market.
note: 複數型 stimuli
note: simulate v.模擬 (字根 simul = similar 相似)
stimulant
n.興奮劑
note: stimulant 與 stimulus 經常被交替來使用，但是stimulant常在用於drug，或
chemical material 上
ex. Adrenalin is a stimulant for the heart.
ex. Caffeine is a very common stimulant, and so common that many people
have addiction on it.
sting
v.刺傷 [to pierce or wound with a poisonous or irritating process]
note: 最常使用的就是被昆蟲刺傷，像是蜜蜂、螞蟻、蠍子。水母也可以，還有也可
以用來指話很傷人。
ex. I was stung by ants when accidentally stepping on a red ant hole. That
was pretty hurt.
ex. When we broke up, he gave really stinging remarks to me. "I hate you",
" I should have never met you"... That takes years for me to forget those
remarks.
note. sting n. 還有個很經常使用的意思，那就是警方為了抓壞人而設下的圈套，可
以在news上經常看到。
stingy
adj.吝嗇的 [ spending, using or giving unwillingly ]
note: sting 本身的意思是針，字源上是有"sharp"的意思，而tip上的本來就是少少的
。所以stingy才有指的是吝嗇的意思，因為給的少少的。
ex. My wife is so stingy. When I asked for increasing the allowance by $50
a week, she complained all the week. So I gave up.
note: stingy 這個形容詞，是個非常general、他和"mean"是最常用來指"吝嗇的"的形
容詞。我們之前還有學過一些形容詞，例如：parsimonious, miserly. 他們是些有特色
的。
parsimonious = super stingy.
ex. My boss is parsimonious about tips for waiters. It seems like even
giving one penny will kill him.
miserly = 即使必需品也很不願買地吝嗇
ex. This man is miserly with his money. When he gets sick, he donsn't go
to see any doctor. He never holds a party, but frequently goes to other
people's parties to take free food.
stinginess
n.吝嗇
ex. Generosity leads to a rich life. Stinginess leads to a poor life.
stint
n.一段時期 [a period of time spent doing something]
note: stint 有兩個主要的字義，在新聞中會比較常出現當做"a period of time", 類
似 term的意思。
ex. The president Obama approved the Obama care in his first stint, now the
real challenge comes in his second stint.
ex. I will study in U.S. in a five-year stint.
v.吝惜 [to be sparing or frugal] ( skimp)
ex. She stinted herself of food in order to let the children have enough.
ex. We hope that you will not stint your criticism.
stipple
v.點畫
stipulate
v.講明, 規定 [ state (sth) clearly and firmly as a requirement ]
note: stipulate是較正式的用法，多使用在條約、協商之中，一般我們可以說
"demand"。
ex. Apple Inc. stipulated that the defect rate of Retina display screen has
to less than 1%. Otherwise they wouldn't place the orders.
ex. The NBA stipulates one team has to pay luxury tax once its team payroll
exceeds the salary cap.
stipulation
n. [a condition, demand, or promise in an agreement or contract.]
ex. With a special stipulation for protecting companies, employees are
frequently required not to work for competitors after quitting.
ex. The lower rate wireless plans will come with the usual stipulation of
agreeing to a two-year contract.
stir
v.攪拌 [move a spoon, etc round and round in (a liquid or some other
substance)]
ex. He adds the cream and sugar into coffee, and slightly stirs it as if
time also slows down its pace.
note: stir 的字源，據說是跟storm有關連，都是指一種擾動。因此當然就有指輕微的
移動的意思。
ex. Palm trees stir in the soft breeze from the sea.
v. 激發、鼓勵
ex. His success of getting an admission in an excellent college stirs many
poor but diligent students.
stitch
n.縫針
ex. My legs got injured from a car accident and I had 6 stitches in the
wound.
v.縫合
ex. This app can automatically stitch pictures into a panorama without any
hassle setting. Users just enjoy taking pictures.
stock
n. 存貨 [If a shop stocks particular goods, it keeps a supply of them to
sell.]
ex. when you see the sign " in stock" on Amazon website, it means Amazon
has the product, and it can handle and send your order right away.
ex. The new released iPhone is so popular, I visit three retail stores but
none of them has a iPhone in stock.
note: 當動詞時，就可以指累積存貨
ex. He stocks food and water in the typhoon season.
n. 股票
ex. The price on the stock market was predicted to be going down when
A-bian won the second president election.
ex. The price on the stock market soared and hit a history-record in 2000
just before the dot-com bubble burst.
etymology: stock 最早最早的意思是跟"樹幹"有關系的，而後來演變出了相當多的意思
。
其他比較少用的字義
*家畜
*家世 ex. a woman of Irish stock
*高湯
stockade
stock-ade
n.柵欄 (防禦用的)
ex. Wooden posts are the common material for stockades. Ancient people use
stockades to protect their houses, or just for the purpose of setting a clear
boundary.
fun: iron-clad
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