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《WSJ列明細 培養奧運泳將每年2.5-4萬美元》
{稿頭}
運動明星光鮮亮麗站上奧運大舞台的背後,是無數家庭長期付出的心血,要培養一名世界級運動員,需要付出多少代價?
《Forbes》曾做過一項估計,培養1位競技體操選手的費用,大約是每年1.5萬美元,培養其他競技選手的代價可能更高,例如擊劍每年2萬美元、桌球2萬美元、射箭2.5萬美元。
華爾街日報拿美國游泳運動為例,列出了費用明細。每名運動員每年的費用在1000美元起跳,大約平約是從8歲開始接受訓練,隨著時間推移,費用也就越來越昂貴,奧運會選手和他們的家人,為了能參加奧運比賽,算一算數十萬美元跑不掉。
拿最基本的泳衣來說,競賽所用的高科技材質泳衣,每套500-600美元,游三至四次就要汰換,一年平均要花兩千美元,泳帽和護目鏡300美元,加入美國游泳協會訓練每年5860美元,許多運動員到了大學階段,光入會費已經花了16000到40000美元。這一費用,也是評斷後續他們是否參加各大比賽,其中一項是奧運選拔賽。一些優秀的游泳運動員可能會尋求私人教練來提高競爭力,而且根據教練的不同,私人教練每月可以為一名學生提供超過1000美元的訓練,總費用可能因人而異。奧運會候選選手每年的專門教練、設備、訓練和差旅費,可能在25000到40000美元之間。根據游泳運動員訓練計畫的不同,可能還需要如營養師、物理治療師或健身房會員等費用。
自1978年以來,美國奧林匹克和殘奧會委員會一直沒有得到美國政府的資助。美國奧運選手依靠助學金和贊助來抵消他們的訓練費用,美國游泳協會每年向國家游泳隊的頂尖運動員發放津貼,同時也為進入奧運隊的游泳運動員提供獎金。大多數奧運會和殘奧會的參賽者每年的收入不到2萬美元。
即便是為國爭光,贏得的獎金得繳稅給國庫,像是金牌泳將菲爾普斯曾贏過23面金牌,每面金牌要繳8750美元的稅,雖然他的廣告代言費累計下來,不會讓他因此生活出問題,但並非所有競技運動員都有他的身價。人們看得見運動員在場上耀眼的一刻,也看見明星選手代言致富,但沒能站上領獎台的大眾,才是這場殘酷競賽的現實。
{內文}
成為一名奧運選手,在五環標誌下,與世界頂尖高手一較高下並為國爭光,這是所有運動員的最終目標,但要實現這一夢想代價不菲。華爾街日報拿美國游泳運動為例,列出了費用明細。
1996年美國游泳奧運金牌選手ASHLEY WHITNEY:「真的很多錢,老實說,在訓練費和出國 教練費等等相當多。」
當然,賽事結束,有了好成績,回收的代價也不小。
廣告:「一頓完整的早餐加上麥片,味道很好,對你也有好處。」
但要達到那一步之前,可能需要多年砸大錢投資。
三名金牌泳將前教練 JOHN H.COLLINS JR:「你先要加入協會,每年大約要繳5000美元,參加比賽也需要支付費用,如果你去外地參加比賽,你要出國,可能要坐飛機,要開車,要住在飯店,所有這些費用加起來。」
像游泳這樣相對容易進行的運動,每名運動員每年的費用在1000美元起跳,他們從小開始接受訓練,隨著時間推移,費用也就越來越昂貴,奧運會選手和他們的家人,為了能參加奧運比賽,算一算數十萬美元跑不掉。
新聞旁白:「下面我們來看看,成為一名奧運會游泳運動員要花多少錢。與其他運動不同,你不需要買很多東西,設備的成本取決於偏好,但是有競爭力的游泳運動員,得使用"科技套裝"的特殊泳衣,這種泳衣可以加起來,像這樣的男式科技套裝可以賣到400美元,而女式則可以賣到600美元。」
三名金牌泳將前教練 JOHN H.COLLINS JR:「他們可以持續一場比賽,游三四次,這完全取決於你想穿多久,如果他們撕裂或磨損。你知道這套"科技套裝"非常合身。如果你一年買兩套、三套或四套泳衣,光是泳衣,你要知道就要花兩千元。」
新聞旁白:「泳帽和護目鏡沒有那麼貴,每年大約花300美元。還有一件重要的設備,游泳池。」
官方認可的專業泳課提供商swimlabs,在全美各地都有分支機構,在位於紐約州威徹斯特,提供每月349美元的私人課程,無論年輕的游泳運動員是在哪裡學習游泳,要參加比賽的,就需要進入奧運會規模的泳池,進行真正的游泳訓練。這就表示他們必須加入比賽泳隊。
廣告:「歡迎來到梅多布魯克,菲爾普斯和奧運會獎牌獲得者凱蒂·霍夫都是在這裡起步的。」
美國游泳協會在美國排名第一,它是國家級游泳協會,在華盛頓特區接受頂級訓練的運動員,每年要花費5860美元。游泳運動員大約在8歲左右加入,通常不會超過12歲。
新聞旁白:「他們都在協會接受競賽,直到他們大學水準,其中許多人參加一級大學游泳校隊,有些則兩者兼顧。因此,當孩子們上大學時,他們已經花了16000到40000美元。2019年,僅在加人泳隊的費用,美國游泳協會在3000多個俱樂部擁有412000名會員,他們支付的費用超過2200萬美元。他們是這項運動的管理機構,負責組織活動和記錄國家排名的官方時間。註冊會員每年支付60美元的費用,這一費用允許他們參加經批准的比賽,其中一項經批准的比賽是奧運會選拔賽。根據柯林斯教練的說法,一些優秀的游泳運動員可能會尋求私人教練來提高競爭力,而且根據教練的不同,私人教練每月可以為一名學生提供超過1000美元的訓練,總費用可能因人而異。你可以看到一些估計,奧運會候選選手每年的適當教練、設備、訓練和差旅費用可能在25000到40000美元之間。根據游泳運動員訓練計畫的不同,他們可能還需要預算其他費用,如營養師、物理治療師或健身房會員。大學生游泳運動員參加任何非NCAA比賽的費用將由他們自己承擔。選擇大學路線的游泳運動員可以獲得他們需要的所有必要的設施和設施,以及物理治療師、教練、教練和醫生。像邁克爾·安德魯這樣的奧運會選手選擇跳過大學路線,集中精力進行奧運會訓練。然而,這意味著他們的輔導、培訓、差旅、入學費和住宿費用都他們自己負擔。」
1996年美國游泳奧運金牌選手ASHLEY WHITNEY:「要成為一名獨立訓練的運動員,達到這些頂級水準要困難得多。」
自1978年以來,美國奧林匹克和殘奧會委員會一直沒有得到美國政府的資助。美國奧運選手依靠助學金和贊助來抵消他們的訓練費用,美國游泳協會每年向國家游泳隊的頂尖運動員發放津貼,同時也為進入奧運隊的游泳運動員提供獎金。
新聞旁白:「美國游泳隊每年平均花費1000萬美元用於支援國家隊運動員,據他們說,大多數奧運會和殘奧會的參賽者每年的收入不到2萬美元。COLLINS教練說,有一些贊助協會會支付運動員所有的費用,使其成為隊員。」
三名金牌泳將前教練 JOHN H.COLLINS JR:「 因為你需要錢來生活。你需要錢來訓練,但你沒有錢,誰來幫你。」
即便是為國爭光,贏得的獎金得繳稅給國庫,過去外界熟知的金牌泳將菲爾普斯,雖然廣告代言費累計下來,不會讓他因一面奧運金牌,得繳8750美元的稅、生活出問題,但並非所有競技運動員都有他的身價,即使美國體育與運動產業發展如此成熟,如何為運動員創造更好環境,仍有好多問題值得深思。
https://youtu.be/Y646vZbhiM0
同時也有9部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過1,790的網紅李基銘漢聲廣播電台-節目主持人-影音頻道,也在其Youtube影片中提到,本集主題:「享譽全球十鼓擊《池中劍》山水實景秀 宜蘭明池限定登場」介紹 訪問:胡智銘 雄獅旅遊 副總經理 江逸芹 十鼓擊樂團 經理 力麗集團飯店事業(以下簡稱力麗觀光)與國際級表演藝術團體十鼓擊樂團攜手合作,打造明池藝術季活動,將演出由十鼓擊樂團為明池湖量身訂製的劇碼 – 《池中劍T...
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【 東京奧運/開電視最大弱點變成最強賣點 】
政府以公帑購入今屆奧運直播權,令香港三家免費電視台(無綫電視、ViuTV、香港開電視)能破天荒同時免費直播,內容一樣,收視如何?
參考無綫於周一(26/7)公布的最新一期黃金時段直播收視報告,7月23日晚上舉行的「東京奧運開幕典禮」,三台收視如下:
🔴 香港開電視(77台)《東京奧運開幕典禮》(18:30開始)1.3點
🔵 翡翠台(81台)《2020東京奧運開幕典禮全情READY!》(18:00 - 18:30)3.8點
🔵 翡翠台(81台)《2020東京奧運開幕典禮》(19:00開始)14.2點
⚪ ViuTV(99台)《奧運有得揀》(18:00開始):5.3點
至於由上周六(24/7)及周日(25/7)的賽事直播收視如下:
🔴 77台《開電視睇奧運》(20:00開始)2.2點
🔵 81台《2020東京奧運黃金戰報》(19:00開始)13點
⚪ 99台《奧運有得揀》(18:30開始):4.1點
🔴 77台《開電視睇奧運》(20:00開始)2點
🔵 81台《2020東京奧運黃金戰報》(19:00開始)11.6點
⚪ 99台《奧運有得揀》(18:30開始):3.7點
表面上頭三天直播都是81台奪冠,惟直接以數字比較,絕對是慘勝,播自家內容 ── 周一至周四(19/7 - 22/7)晚上八時播出《愛.回家之開心速遞》可以去到22.8點,周五直播開幕禮立即插水,只剩14.2點,足足急跌8.6點,去到周末更貼近個位數,相當難睇,換句話講,在三台播出的內容一樣時,無綫昔日優勢已全失,加上周一(26/7)張家朗奪金牌之後爆出「陳約臨事件」,台前幕後承受更大壓力。雖然大台公布指81台直播張家朗出戰「男子花劍個人決賽」的收視有20.2,摘金一刻升至21.1點,但這場公關災難的後遺要到下周一(2/8)出爐的收視報告才有分曉。
事實上,看了幾天奧運直播之後,不同頻道的觀感各異;
🔴 香港國際財經台(IBC/76台)──
主力播放非熱門賽事,特定直播時段才會提供雙語廣播
🔴 香港開電視(77台)──
以有線電視團隊作為基礎,全天候直播,主打港隊及中國隊賽事
🔵 翡翠台(81台) ──
以港隊及中國隊賽事為焦點,主打熱門賽事,亦會播放滑板、BMX單車等偏門賽事
🔵 J2(82台)──
以港隊及中國隊賽事為焦點,大包圍直播
⚪ ViuTVsix(96台) ──
是為ViuTV的主力直播頻道,附設now SPORTS頻道廣東話旁述
⚪ ViuTV(99台) ──
播放時間短,播放港隊及中國隊焦點賽事,部份熱門項目亦會直播
正因為有得揀,所以會不停轉台,發現J2整體觀感最差,因為無綫直播時,仍然沒有拋開「綜藝思維」,硬要安排藝員充撐場面,太過嘈吵,而且為避免Dead-air,總是出現藝人講廢話的問題,不認識卻不做功課,聽得出「條友真係唔識㗎喎」,連帶專業評述員的水平亦被拉低,令他們變成「藝員」,影響收看情緒。實際例子:周二(25/7)看男子10米氣步槍決賽,美國William Shaner拋離第二位中國盛李豪都成兩分,結果前者得到金牌,雖然盛李豪最後一槍射到10.8環,但William都有10.2環,結果有人說:「盛好勁,但William都唔差!」── 咁講嚟做咩?不如出少句聲!
反觀香港開電視,製作資源明顯輸蝕,畫面乍看有強烈亞視影子,但他們知道如何善用平台優勢:平時77台自家製作不算多,於是在奧運期間索性變成全天候直播,除了新聞時段和兒童節目時段,所有時間都改播奧運賽事,完全大包圍,相比無綫和ViuTV,香港開電視沒有藝人這張花紙包裝,只能夠主打專業評述、分析和獨家訪問,主持合作度高,資料詳盡、充足而有用,觀眾明白賽事規則,睇完有嘢落袋,結果成功將頻道平時的最大弱點,變成最強賣點,以蔗渣價錢,造出燒鵝味道,所以絕大部份時間都會選擇看77台,96台次之,沒辦法下才會看無綫。
有三個例子足見香港開電視今次直播水準高:(1)張家朗摘金後,獲安排與1996年奧運金牌得主李麗珊世紀對話(https://bit.ly/3C000Y5 );(2)「蛙后」江忞懿在直播泳賽後解釋,原來奧運比賽有規例,泳手下水後必須在池邊對出15米內上水,否則犯規;(3)在周五(30/7)直播何詩蓓出戰女子100米自由泳決賽前,居然邀請多位何的前教練走進直播室,或透過視象會議講感受,包括孔志超、周子浩、崔瑋俊、陳漢業、張狄勇、趙善因、梁兆堅、黃文凱及Michael Fasching,這些心思觀眾絕對看得見,誰說競爭沒有用?請香港開電視的奧運製作團隊繼續努力。
另外讀者可透過下載iCable手機App、now E手機App以及now Player手機App,收看有線奧運601至605台,以及now SPORTS 601至609台播放的不同賽事;mytv SUPER app更幾乎百分百覆蓋所有奧運賽事,包括在無綫播出的旁述片段,以及由奧委會提供的原裝片段,並且分門別類上架。
🎖圖片由 香港開電視 Hong Kong Open TV 提供 🎖
【 延伸閱讀 】
無綫訪問張雁宜網傳Fake News
https://bit.ly/3iUbzqV
東京奧運開幕禮運動員進場經典遊戲組曲19首:
https://bit.ly/3BBtkUE
香港運動員IG足本名單跟住Follow :
https://bit.ly/3iLEs8F
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「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版,由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計,內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等,感恩十方大德助印,希望疫情退散,平安喜樂,後記如下:
野放台灣五十餘年,貪狼獨坐,三方四正殺破狼格局,少年多舛,白手起家,隨展覽雲遊四海,如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返,遂設幻影堂自詡堂主,一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」,常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純,彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘,了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝,雖非仙人,亦無道骨,初聞離垢地生清淨心,但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠,待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》,心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到,意識死神隨伺在側,人生苦短,如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解,蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜,聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃,甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎,禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘,台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜(佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教&大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教&天德教、慈惠堂&勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……)、神棍橫行(依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫),因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜,但地獄造景稀少,後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人,各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味,意境乖張溢於言表,造型扭曲非常人所能塑也,然匠心獨運、自成一格,專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美,絲毫不輸喬托(Giotto di Bondone,1267~1337)乃至米開朗基羅(Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564)矣。
創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱,雖主祀四面佛,儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊,可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像,安太歲自不在話下,甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深,1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍,行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關,只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地,十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台,粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格,尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂,該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯(包青天),陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解,求破懸案者眾,逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸,全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中,四周環繞墓地,適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮(1971)地府則是首座電動地府,規模精小但驚嚇度破表,略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍,出自已故台南大道長金登富之作,而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外,乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面,尊尊栩栩如生,續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道,造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」(阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像)旁設靜態十殿閻羅(1970年代初),雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存,續往上行可抵「證菩提道-釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區,一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時,琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心,世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路,但因緣果報無法逆轉,昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加,還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺,遂以缽盛救度五百族人,最終卻化為血水,佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力,因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐,目犍連遂展神通救渡,但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火,佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日,於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾,因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌,既渡亡魂也自懺悔。
台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗,不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂(1979年興建,1983年開放),燈光絢爛、聲響駭人,獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」,至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形,睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪,觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生(胎、卵、濕、化)回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」,轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」,窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」,直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿,皆為極犯,另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」(查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司)後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事,依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺(紫河車)」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載,人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」,經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫,犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄(阿鼻地獄)」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主,統轄十殿閻羅,逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。
人類居於五趣(阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄)雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界,犯十惡業(殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴)者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」(欲界、色界、無色界)二十八天?凡人無此意識,別說能破「十二因緣」(無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死)還滅門,更別想斷除「四聖諦」(苦、集、滅、道)集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑(五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑),了悟「五蘊」(色、受、想、行、識)本空、「十二入」(眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法)空、「十八界」空,破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執,生十一處「善心所」(信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害),降二十六處「惡心所」(貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知),須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。
地獄可能空滅嗎?若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪,地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土?若能證空性何處現地獄?
地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間,老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心,然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所,惡性所及實無可根除,礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層,乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷,暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄,心多妄念,妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間,會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉,我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄,三魂七魄尚不足以出竅,驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧,豈不謬哉?
病毒肆虐年半有餘,全球確診者逼近一億八千萬,枉死者近四百萬,堪比戰爭規模,望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空,唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。
姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節
Postscript
I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.
In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).
Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.
Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.
Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.
The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.
June 2021,
Yao Jui-chung
力麗明池池中劍 在 李基銘漢聲廣播電台-節目主持人-影音頻道 Youtube 的最佳解答
本集主題:「享譽全球十鼓擊《池中劍》山水實景秀 宜蘭明池限定登場」介紹
訪問:胡智銘 雄獅旅遊 副總經理
江逸芹 十鼓擊樂團 經理
力麗集團飯店事業(以下簡稱力麗觀光)與國際級表演藝術團體十鼓擊樂團攜手合作,打造明池藝術季活動,將演出由十鼓擊樂團為明池湖量身訂製的劇碼 – 《池中劍The Sword in the Ink Stone》。有【北橫明珠】美譽的明池森林遊樂園區,層峰疊翠猶如人間仙境;有【東方俠客】美稱的十鼓,氣勢軒昂揮動池中寶劍。由力麗觀光董事長蔡宗易及十鼓擊樂團團長謝十邀請您,親臨感受一場在海拔一千多公尺的國際級藝術體驗。
「十」代表鼓棒交疊,匯集十方能量,十鼓擊樂團自2000年創團至今20餘年,是來自臺南在地知名國際級表演藝術團隊,巡演足跡遍佈世界五大洲、演出超過萬場,走遍30多個國家,更受美國葛萊美獎、獨立音樂獎、臺灣金曲獎國內外三大獎項提名肯定,透過鼓樂藝術來傳創台灣文化。屢獲世界音樂獎項青睞的十鼓擊樂團,經營水中劇場十年有餘頗負好評,首度進軍宜蘭秘境 - 素有北橫明珠之稱的宜蘭力麗馬告生態園區明池湖,結合明池設計理念:墨池、書法、枯木與東方俠客隱身於山林之意象,創作《池中劍The Sword in the Ink Stone》。
《池中劍The Sword in the Ink Stone》劇碼運用明池湖三大元素:墨池、書法、枯木進行演繹,並與明池周邊山林中的巨大天然白木林群互相呼應。曲目共分為八段:《五行音》由排鼓及鋁片琴貫穿,運用五行交融演繹大自然的浩瀚與傳統。《風馳雷掣》以板鼓、四棰演奏及三音鼓展現雷鳴、甘霖、雷火、雲雷、雷息。《十八羅漢鼓》演出者以腿、身、腰、手、眼搭配十八個動作並配合擊鼓節奏展現憾動人心的樂音。《逐鹿躍動映明潭》以原民逐鹿傳說發現桃花源,最後在三口鐘聲下結合過去與現在。《天空斬》以鼓樂、吹打樂及劇場身段描繪關聖青龍偃月刀之義。《吹牛雞》詮釋鄉間好勝公雞加以打溜子演奏手法豐富此曲意境。《憶想之門》依風、林、火、山譜曲,演奏者以孫子兵法之八卦陣圖移行換位詮釋鴨母王朱一貴內門起義壯舉。最後以《山之喚》這段曲目有感於大自然力量,由天鼓、側鼓、三音鼓、小堂鼓詮釋巨木群高聳入雲氣勢,展現出明池湖的生命力。在山嵐繚繞、如夢似幻的明池湖,以俠客行走於山水筆墨中為起點,一場絕無僅有的鼓樂藝術將於明池湖畔展開。
力麗觀光旗下之棲蘭、明池及馬告生態園區,以環境生態保育及永續經營為目標,因生態保育工作完善,保存了台灣大自然美景這塊寶藏。在力麗觀光蔡宗易董事長的推展之下,將力麗馬告生態園區內的明池湖打造成水劇場,強調生態環境與表演藝術的自然融合,此次更是邀請國際知名表演藝術團隊十鼓擊樂團為明池湖量身打造獨一無二的環境劇場。明池湖於四季皆有不同絕佳美景,六月正是享受滿山遍野、自然碧綠,庭院步道依著山勢而建,藍腹鷴在步道旁悠閒的散步,更是明池湖最迷人富有輕爽綠意的時刻。
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力麗明池池中劍 在 Jerry Tsai Youtube 的最讚貼文
台灣傳奇漫畫家鄭問紀錄片《千年一問》強勢入圍今年金馬最佳紀錄片,6日晚舉辦首映會,吳念真、郭彥甫、陳珊妮、陳亞蘭、李烈、陳奕仁、比爾賈、廖明毅、董陽孜等各界名人相挺。首映會上,劇組特意替已故的鄭問老師保留一個座位,安排在妻兒身旁,鄭問的妻子王傳自映後表示:「看到片尾字幕,募資方案的支持者這麼多,我想跟鄭問說,你不孤單,很多人愛著你。」
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吳念真看完後力薦:「不要以為鄭問只是畫漫畫,其實他處理方式,每一格、每一幅都是藝術品,想認識鄭問,就該來看《千年一問》。」
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近年轉投入藝術創作的郭彥甫感嘆:「藝術家在台灣社會很孤獨,沒有人必須去了解你,但鄭問老師充滿理想,他看到時代,可惜生錯時代,其實我不看漫畫,但他的畫已經超越漫畫。」
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鄭問妻子王傳自認為《千年一問》如實傳達丈夫的精神,「堅持、有道理、有禮貌就是英雄」。她表示,鄭問從未放棄、違背自己的心,無論創作或待人處事,希望大家藉由電影看到這一塊,「這部片不是要造神,是要鼓勵大家認真做自己,而鄭問就是我的英雄。」
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千年一問| 10.8 (四) 傳奇再現
正式預告|https://reurl.cc/n0N1o6
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✫ #榮獲入圍第57屆金馬獎最佳紀錄片
✫ 鄭問,來自台灣、全球首位走進故宮殿堂的漫畫大師
✫ 金獎幕後團隊 x 斥資千萬高規格製作,傾心打造大師筆下的壯闊氣魄
✫ 齊聚日港台漫畫大師及創作者,千葉徹彌、池上遼一、馬榮成、《漫畫大霹靂》監製黃玉郎及《無間道》導演劉偉強等... 超華麗受訪陣容
取自 https://www.facebook.com/ChenUenFilm/⠀
#鄭問 #千年一問
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力麗明池池中劍 在 Dd tai Youtube 的精選貼文
頤和園是清朝的皇家行宮和大型皇家園林,位於中國北京市海淀區西北,占地290公頃(合4400畝)。頤和園修建於清朝乾隆年間(原名清漪園)、重建於光緒年間,曾屬於清朝北京西郊三山五園之一。頤和園素以人工建築與自然山水巧妙結合的造園手法著稱於世,是中國園林藝術頂峰時期的代表。1998年,頤和園被評為世界文化遺產。頤和園以萬壽山和昆明湖為主,昆明湖占頤和園總面積的四分之三。除了湖山,還有殿堂景區、耕織圖景區。重要建築集中在萬壽山南北中軸線上。萬壽山分為前山、後山兩部分,前山自東向西有養雲軒、無盡意軒、介壽堂、排雲殿、清華軒、寶雲閣、共一樓、聽鸝館、畫中游等知名景觀。後山南北中軸線為規模宏大的漢藏風格寺廟殿宇,包括四大部洲、須彌靈境、香岩宗印之閣等等,周圍點綴以數座小型山間園林,有蘇州街、寅輝城關、花承閣、賅春園、繪芳堂等建築。昆明湖中有三座島嶼,分別名為南湖島、藻鑒堂島、治鏡閣島。昆明湖由一條西堤將大湖一分為二,光緒時建立圍牆,修築起了東堤。
頤和園的主要區域可包括六個部分,分別是殿堂景區(是帝後料理朝政和住宿所在)、萬壽山景區、昆明湖景區、耕織圖景區(獨特的農牧色彩)、長廊景區和中軸景區(起於前山雲輝玉宇牌樓,止於後山慈福慧因牌樓)。作為一座知名園林博物館,擁有豐富制式的園林建築和景觀營造手法,涵蓋了中國傳統名著中的亭台樓閣,軒榭台堂。
東宮門:為頤和園的正門。門前有兩隻銅獅,是清漪園遺物。宮門前的雲龍石階是圓明園安佑宮遺物。門額上「頤和園」三字為光緒帝御筆親賜。宮門前有大廣場,南北兩側為朝房,前有大影壁。
仁壽殿:在頤和園東宮門內,是慈禧太后、光緒帝夏天住在頤和園中臨朝聽政,接受恭賀,以及接見王公大臣和外國使節的地方,這裡也曾經是光緒皇帝頒詔實行變法維新的地方。始建於乾隆十五年(1750年)命名為勤政殿,意為不忘勤理政務。咸豐十年(1860年)遭到英法聯軍焚毀,光緒十二年(1886年)慈禧太后重建時,改為現名,意為施仁政者長壽之意,是頤和園聽政區的主要建築。殿為東向,面闊九間,單檐卷棚歇山頂,兩側有南北配殿,前有銅麒麟、壽星石,以及銅龍銅鳳的雕像,排列在仁壽殿外。是皇帝,皇后在舉行朝會大典時會點燃檀香。在中國古代龍就是皇帝的象徵,鳳就是皇后的象徵。按照慣例是龍在上,鳳在下,但是自慈禧太后掌權之後,就將龍,鳳的位置給顛倒變成鳳在上,龍在下,藉此來顯示出慈禧太后的權威。殿外懸掛著「大圓寶鏡」的匾額,意為當政者的智慧如同大圓寶鏡一樣,能夠洞察一切。殿內則是高懸著「壽協仁符」的金字匾額,意為仁與壽君子兼而有之。正殿內設置慈禧太后,光緒帝召見王公大臣時的寶座,寶座是用上等的紫檀木雕刻而成,椅背上刻有九條金龍,寶座的旁邊設有掌扇,鼎爐,鶴燈。東為仁壽門。殿北有水井「延年井」,殿後為巨大的獅子林假山,仿蘇州獅子林,堆山所用的劍石、石筍為圓明園正大光明殿後假山遺物。
玉瀾堂:在仁壽殿西,始建於乾隆十五年(1750年),咸豐十年(1860年),光緒十八年(1892年)重建,成為皇帝在頤和園中處理政務和居住的地方。正殿即玉瀾堂,堂名是取自晉代詩人陸機的詩句「玉泉甬微瀾」當中的「玉」和「瀾」二字合併而成。內設有御案寶座。原為一四通八達的穿牆殿,光緒皇帝曾經被慈禧太后囚禁於此,因此殿北的後門用磚牆砌死。前院東配殿名霞芬室,西配殿為藕香榭,兩殿的門內亦可見圈禁光緒帝的圍牆,是一處重要的歷史遺蹟。正殿地磚上原有坑窪洞痕,為光緒帝被囚禁時用手杖擊地發泄而成。玉瀾堂西側另有夕佳樓,樓西為鄰水過道,蜿蜒曲折,稱為「九道灣」。
宜芸館:在玉瀾堂北面,乾隆時是藏書之所,光緒年間改建為光緒皇帝的皇后隆裕的居所。院門為垂花門,稱宜芸門,門內側牆壁上有10塊石刻,是乾隆帝摹寫的名家法帖,原藏於惠山園內,重建時移此。正殿為宜芸館,東配房稱道存齋,西配房稱近西軒,均沿用乾隆時舊名。戊戌政變後,玉瀾堂與宜芸館之間的通道也被磚牆切斷。宜芸館北門有飛閣復道通至德和園戲台。
德和園大戲樓:頤和園中看戲的地方,原為乾隆時期的怡春堂。樓高21米,三層,結構與圓明園同樂園清音閣和避暑山莊清音閣相同(與紫禁城暢音閣不同的地方在於其外形是卷棚頂,且覆灰瓦),是清朝最大的戲樓之一,三層舞台間有天地井相通,南部有兩層的扮戲樓,北部為看戲用的頤樂殿。德和園之東為「東八所」(壽膳房、壽茶房、壽藥房)、養花廠和武備院等服務性院落,現被隔出頤和園,改為頤和安縵酒店。
樂壽堂:是慈禧太后在頤和園中居住的地方,始建於乾隆十五年(1750年),咸豐十年(1860年)遭到英法聯軍燒毀,光緒十三年(1887年)重建。門外有水木自親碼頭,有牌坊,是清宮中最早安裝電燈的地方之一。院子分為三路,中路樂壽堂為慈禧太后的居所,中部為起居空間,裡面設有用上等木材紫檀木雕刻而成的「御案寶座」後面放著十五折的玻璃屏風,兩側設有羽毛掌扇,羽毛掌扇不但裝飾精美,也可以顯示出慈禧太后的威儀。西間為寢宮,東間為更衣室。堂前陳列銅鹿、銅鶴、寶瓶,取「六合太平」諧音。寢宮內的文物有用珍珠、瑪瑙、翡翠製成的花籃,用金銀和各種寶石鑲嵌的四季花卉壁畫等。樂壽堂前有明代米萬鍾遺留的「青芝岫」巨石,院中栽培玉蘭、海棠、牡丹,取「玉堂富貴」之意。後院原有乾隆時期遺留之古玉蘭樹,2005年枯死移除。東跨院後半部稱「永壽堂」,為太監總管李蓮英住所。西跨院北部有假山,以及坐落於山上的扇面殿「揚仁風」。揚仁風院落西南角即長廊入口。
長廊:東起樂壽堂西院,西至石丈亭。長廊長達728米,共273間,其間點綴以留佳、寄瀾、秋水、清遙四座亭子,以及魚藻軒、對鷗舫兩座對稱的點景建築。長廊背山面水,平面呈展翅蝙蝠形狀(取福字諧音),不僅把各處景點有機地串聯起來,本身也是頤和園中一處最有名的景觀,長廊上有西遊記、三國演義、紅樓夢、西湖風景、二十四孝、中國古代詩歌和神話故事(如張敞畫眉、牛郎織女、張良納履等)、山水花鳥等圖畫,共計一萬七千餘幅。
排雲殿:在萬壽山前山中部的建築中軸線上,原址為大報恩延壽寺,1892年重修,是慈禧太后做壽時接受賀拜、舉行慶典的地方。「排雲」二字出自晉朝人郭璞「神仙排雲出,但見金銀台」的詩句。排雲殿正門為排雲門,門前有雲輝玉宇牌坊,兩側有十二屬相石。排雲門和二宮門之間有方形的蓮池,池上架金水橋,兩門內分別有紫霄、玉華、芳輝、雲錦四座配殿。排雲殿正殿為頤和園內等級最高的建築,建在九級漢白玉台基上,七間五進,重檐歇山頂,黃琉璃瓦,左右兩側有耳殿,各殿之間有復道相連,橫列共計二十一間。排雲殿之後為德輝殿,再後為高42米的石砌高台,沿台前八字樓梯「朝真磴」可向上通往佛香閣。排雲殿東為介壽堂,西為清華軒,清朝時均為命婦退居之所,現被頤和園作為別墅出租,不對遊人開放。介壽堂內有連理柏和紫玉蘭各一株,頗為名貴。
佛香閣:位於萬壽山前山正中位置,為鐵力木修建的八角形三層樓閣,高41米,上覆綠剪邊黃琉璃瓦,是頤和園內體量最大的建築。閣內供奉接引佛,每月朔望,慈禧太后在此燒香禮佛。佛香閣原為九層佛塔延壽塔,修築到第八層時乾隆帝下令拆毀,仿武昌黃鶴樓改建閣樓。
智慧海:位於萬壽山山巔,為無梁佛殿,全部為五色琉璃磚砌成,色彩絢麗,圖案精美,壁面嵌有1000多尊佛像。外牆下半部琉璃磚上的佛像頭部在文化大革命中被悉數鑿毀。殿內觀音像為乾隆時所造。殿前有琉璃牌坊,其上石額構成「眾香界」、「祗樹林」、「智慧海」、「吉祥雲」四句偈語。
萬壽山昆明湖碑:在排雲殿之東,碑上有乾隆御書「萬壽山昆明湖」六字,碑後是乾隆所撰《昆明湖記》,講述修建清漪園的理由。碑左右各有一座亭子,亭內有「轉輪藏」木塔,塔中有軸,推之使其轉動。此處仿杭州法雲寺藏經閣而建,不對遊客開放。
寶雲閣:在排雲殿之西。又稱「銅亭」。建於乾隆20年(1755年),高7.55米,重41.4萬斤,蟹青冷古銅色仿木結構,樑柱、椽瓦、斗拱、門窗、對聯全部用銅鑄成。門窗原被八國聯軍掠走,在1980年代由海外華人購得,捐給頤和園。
石舫:清晏舫,原名石舫。是一半入水的兩層石舫,長96米,上原有中式艙樓,1860年被焚,光緒重建時改為木製仿西洋大理石艙樓,並在石舫兩側加造明輪。石舫西北為小島,島上原有西所買賣街,兩岸仿揚州瘦西湖景色。
聽鸝館:在萬壽山前山西部。內有兩層戲樓一座,在修建德和園大戲樓前,這裡是慈禧太后聽戲的主要場所。館內古柏參天,館外有杏樹和翠竹。聽鸝館現為聽鸝館飯莊,經營仿清宮廷菜餚,內設貴壽廳、福壽廳、壽膳廳等十個餐廳。
畫中游:在萬壽山西部,依山而建,中為八角形兩層樓閣,東西為兩樓兩亭,東樓名「借秋」,西樓名「愛山」。各建築間有爬山遊廊和石洞相通,錯綜複雜,猶如迷宮。站在亭上四周環顧,有置身於畫中之感。
前山東部:有景福閣、自在莊、含新亭、養雲軒、意遲雲在、千峰彩翠、無盡意軒、寫秋軒、國花台等點景建築。無盡意軒和自在莊清朝為命婦退息之所。景福閣為慈禧太后觀賞雨景、月景之地。
前山西部:有邵窩殿、雲松巢、湖山真意、山色湖光共一樓、石丈亭等點景建築。邵窩殿之名取南北朝時宋朝邵康「安樂窩」典故,雲松巢取李白「吾將此地巢雲松」詩句,兩殿現均為頤和園工作人員休息處。
長廊西端,石丈亭北有一組院落,稱「西四廳」,戊戌變法失敗後,慈禧太后移居頤和園時將珍妃囚禁於此。西四廳西北有貝闕,又稱宿雲檐,乾隆時是清漪園的西門,上供關帝銀像。貝闕向北有並列的石橋兩座,東橋低平,西橋為拱橋。清漪園時期園牆從兩橋中間穿過,西橋在園外,東橋在園內。
後山
蘇州街:又稱買賣街。乾隆二十七年壬午(1762年),乾隆帝下江南,到蘇州遊歷唐代白居易修建的七里山塘,回京後在頤和園後湖仿照七里山塘的模樣修建了蘇州街。1860年被英法聯軍焚毀,光緒時期重建頤和園時未修復,1988年復建。
諧趣園:位於頤和園東北角。此園是乾隆於乾隆十六年(1751年——下江南時,看了無錫惠山腳下的寄暢園,仿其意而建,自然保有江南園林之美。諧趣園原名惠山園,1811年曾經改建並改為現名,為萬壽山東麓的園中園。這座園有「到門唯見水,入室盡疑舟」之美譽。園內水多橋多,最著名的橋是知魚橋。此橋橋身低平,貼近水面,能讓遊客觀賞魚群在水中來回穿行。橋坊上有乾隆皇帝命題的詩句。諧趣園的北部是正殿涵遠堂,此堂原為慈禧太后在此水池釣魚時休息之用,殿內裝飾精美雅緻,在頤和園里可說是上乘之作。另外,環繞水池的遊廊是一條景色多變的的遊覽路線,隨著每一轉折,必有新的景色出現在眼前。
四大部洲:位於後山中部中軸線上,仿照西藏扎囊縣的著名古寺桑耶寺,為漢藏風格的宗教建築群,居中為漢式建築香嚴宗印之閣,內供藥師、如來、阿彌陀三尊佛像,香嚴宗印之閣四周環繞藏式的四大部洲殿、八小部洲殿、日殿、月殿、四色塔。承德避暑山莊外八廟中的普寧寺布局與此相似。香嚴宗印之閣下原為須彌靈境殿,1860年被焚毀,未修復。須彌靈境殿前為松堂,是一座長方形廣場。
花承閣琉璃塔:位於後山東部,原為半圓形高台建築,1860年被焚毀,現存琉璃塔一座,太湖石及漢白玉浮雕海獸台基一座,以及柱礎、石階遺蹟。琉璃塔下部的佛像頭部被紅衛兵鑿除。
賅春園遺址:位於後山西部,為乾隆時修建的一處小型園林,園內最大建築為清可軒,是乾隆帝的書房,依崖而建,以石崖為其南牆。西隔桃花溝為丁香院,院南山崖上有香雲窟石洞,洞內有乾隆題詩和石座,洞西有十八羅漢摩崖石刻。賅春園1860年被焚毀,僅存園門一座,但台階、殿基和部分圍牆保存完好。
綺望軒遺址:位於後山西部山腳下,後湖旁。為乾隆時修建的一處小型園林,構造巧妙,地面隱蔽處有山洞,向下可直通湖邊石岸碼頭。
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