關於 懺悔錄黑木 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版，由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計，內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等，感恩十方大德助印，希望疫情退散，平安喜樂，後記如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開朗基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

疫情爆發以來，藝術家能做的事不多，平常就閉關在家其實挺習慣，但是總想為社會做些事、幫上忙，想了半天安撫人心也許還行吧！於是另一本「地獄空」將趕在中元普渡八月初出版上市，由典藏出版社社長發心首肯出版，設計名家黃子欽操刀，附贈很多符咒給大家趨吉避凶。諸惡莫作，眾善奉行，疫情消退，平安喜樂。附上後記給大家解封後參訪這些宮廟，觀照自己的心所。全文如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鐘情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。

2017年盛暑拍畢「巨神連線」，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒…總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鸞堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山…）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開郎基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘糟屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截…等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄…兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼…等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石…小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭…等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮…等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤…等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍…等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據「十八泥犁經」記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

雖然各界對新疆維吾爾族人遭受到各種迫害指證歷歷，連中國最喜歡拿出來說嘴的聯合國專家，都已經表示中國秘密囚禁百萬以上的維族人，不過中國國家主席習近平在日前的新疆工作座談會絲毫不為所動，他強調新疆「社會穩定，人民安居樂業」，治疆方略「完全正確，必須長期堅持」。現在又有新的研究發現，新疆人還在繼續受到宗教和文化上的打壓，今天我們就來談談最新的爭議。

最新的研究來自澳洲戰略政策研究所（ASPI），這份關於中國壓迫穆斯林少數民族的報告發現，新疆有數千座清真寺在短短三年內遭到破壞或摧毀，從北京宣傳的24000多座，銳減到15000座，其中有一半以上受到一定程度的破壞，清真寺數量來到文革以來最少。

其實這個「宗教中國化」，是習近平在2015年就開始推動的計畫，之後就發生很多宗教迫害的事，像是江西省政府去年下令天主教堂掛五星旗、聖母畫像換成習近平像，新疆喀什的一座清真寺，有一座可以追溯到十六世紀的門樓，也被強迫蓋上「愛黨愛國」標語，看了都很令人傻眼。

ASPI他們利用衛星圖和搜集大量當地的資料，發現新疆大有約三分之二的清真寺受到影響，一半受保護文化遺址遭到破壞或摧毀，包括可追溯到10世紀的聖殿朝聖古址Ordam mazar還是被完全摧毀。破壞的方式像是拆除尖塔或圓頂等建築特徵，被夷平的大部分還是空地，但有些變成道路和停車場，或是改作農業用途。這些大多是發生在地廣人稀的地方，像是有大量遊客的地區，像是首都烏魯木齊和喀什市，大多數清真寺都被掛鎖或被改作其他用途。

之前中國政府面對外界指控說有再教育營也說是造謠啊，結果到最後還是承認了，只不過換個名稱叫做「教育培訓中心」，而且一度還找外媒去拍攝不是嗎？結果出來的影片都超詭異的，一堆人刻意唱歌跳舞，還說我現在都沒有極端思想了，嚇死人。根本越描越黑。

這次ASPI的報告裡也發現，雖然中國政府說，教培中心的學員已經全部結業，但是新疆當局其實從去年以來一直在擴大各種類型的拘禁設施，認為很有可能許多在押人員並沒有獲釋，而是可能被送進監獄或其他設施。

很多親友被關的海外維族人一直想要尋找自己的家人是不是已經回家了，但是發現有些人一度獲釋，但又被判刑關進監獄，也有的被安排去工廠強迫勞動，所以現在也有很多人呼籲不要在新疆設工廠或是使用新疆出口的產品像是棉花。

雖然北京反覆重申不存在所謂的拘留營，也不透露到底被關押的人數有多少。但是ASPI的研究人員找到大約380個疑似拘禁營的地點。最新的衛星圖像顯示，其中至少有61個在2019年7月至今年7月這段時間裡擴大了規模，其中14個仍在擴建中。分成四種安全級別來關押。
我去年在看《紐約時報》的一項調查就說，新疆的法院在2017年和2018年總共判處了23萬人監禁或其他懲罰，遠遠超過自治區歷史上任何一個時期。這些被關起來的人到底犯了什麼罪？

很多人因為分裂國家或試圖顛覆政權這種模糊不清的罪名被關，像是新疆維族學者伊力哈木就因為堅持新疆自治，還有要求中國政府正視新疆人的不滿情緒而被判了終身監禁。像我們德國之聲之前找到四名逃出再教育營的人，他們很多都是莫名其妙被捕，然後到了再教育營裡面，再從70幾個跟宗教有關的罪名挑一個。

根據自由亞洲電台的報導，甚至說新疆有餐廳被有關當局改成喝酒培訓基地。飲酒在伊斯蘭教的戒律當中是不允許的，但是在新疆，不喝酒卻被視為極端主義的一種象徵。為了給不喝酒的人培養出他們喝酒的習慣，改變他們的習俗。海外穆斯林稱，中國當局想借此滅絕少數民族文化習俗。之前他們也曾經報導過，新疆政府在漢族農曆新年期間以「幫助貧困少數民族」為名，向維吾爾族、哈薩克族等穆斯林派發豬肉，又要求他們喝酒、跳漢族人舞蹈。當局威脅穆斯林，如拒絕按漢族傳統過春節，就會把他們送入「再教育營」。

這麼誇張的事情，跟新疆同一個族群跟語系的土耳其，之前他們也有出來譴責，土耳其的強人總統厄多安在2009年就曾經譴責中國對維族人進行種族屠殺，因為當時有很多維吾爾人逃亡土耳其避難。不過後來土耳其因為經濟陷入困難，又包了中國一帶一路的工程，說話自然就越來越小聲。目前最大力聲援的反而是法國總統馬克宏在聯合國大會上要求派遣調查團去調查。

每次中國不都說歡迎大家到新疆來看看，那就趕快讓聯合國小組還有媒體記者去調查，大家也應該持續關心。不然就像德國神學家的二戰懺悔文，當他們抓別人的時候，我們都保持沈默，最後當他們來抓我們的時候，也不會有人站起來為我們說話。你對這個議題還有什麼想法，歡迎和我們分享。
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註：「世界都在看」單元錄影時，土耳其執政黨尚未發表聲明批評新疆政策。
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＃新聞回顧 ＃太魯閣事故 ＃緬甸
各節重點：
00:00 前導
【臺灣焦點】
00:21 太魯閣號重大事故
02:02 AZ疫苗開打
03:04 鮭魚之亂
【國際關注】
05:08 緬甸軍人節爆發血腥鎮壓
06:21 蘇伊士運河大牌長榮
07:34 美國仇亞犯罪增
08:30 日本跨出婚姻平權第一步
【趣味集錦】
09:59 你知道有一種食物叫做饅頭嗎？
10:27 帶槍拿外送
【溫馨新聞】
10:58 吳念庭為台灣打氣
11:59 結尾

【 製作團隊 】

｜企劃：力寧
｜腳本：力寧
｜編輯：土龍
｜剪輯後製：絲繡
｜剪輯助理：歆雅
｜演出：志祺

——

【 本集參考資料 】

太魯閣號重大事故
→六張圖帶你看：台灣73年來最大鐵路事故，怎麼發生的？：https://bit.ly/3cZ70dd
→太魯閣號事故 台鐵網站公布死傷者名單：https://bit.ly/39QEzw2
→紀錄器曝光！工程車早就橫躺軌道 太魯閣號煞車不及撞上 ：https://bit.ly/2PKpjtR
→太魯閣號事故 火車推擠工程車頭一起撞進隧道：https://bit.ly/39QEA34
→太魯閣號事故 土木技師勘查列台鐵5大疏失：https://bit.ly/3rZpLl5
→台鐵產工指台鐵未落實改革 人力流失、外包工程品質難控管 ：https://bit.ly/3aany0f
→李義祥哽咽道歉懺悔 花蓮地院裁定李義祥羈押：https://bit.ly/3fSmXny
→第5節車廂拖出隧道口 林佳龍臉書宣布請辭交長：https://bit.ly/3fSmXny
→太魯閣出軌》台鐵近10年至少5起重大事故 提升行車安全刻不容緩：https://bit.ly/3fZpiga
→劣跡斑斑的承包商憑什麼拿到台鐵標案？ 一揭李義祥背後的政商網絡 原來背後有這靠山：https://bit.ly/3s0OaXe
→扯！台鐵證實李義祥違法擔任工地主任　3單位審查疏失釀禍：https://bit.ly/2RcrBCh
→李義祥違法兼工地主任 台鐵：他故意隱瞞身分：https://bit.ly/3wDoh3p
→恐怖巧合? 猴硐走山、太魯閣號事故 「聯合大地工程顧問」都有參與：https://bit.ly/2RlzaqF
→太魯閣號事故捐款送暖 5管道一次看：https://bit.ly/3wEfhuL
→救援缺血! 太魯閣號事故「北血東調」剩7天庫存 盼民眾熱心捐血：https://bit.ly/329nPMx
→花蓮旅宿免費供救難、受難人員食宿 外送員主動送物資打氣 ：https://bit.ly/3cX5ZSP
→王薇君與「76行者遺體修復團隊」：在太魯閣號出軌現場，維護死者最後一絲尊嚴：https://bit.ly/3fTjViz
→太魯閣號事故 白袍醫漆黑隧道緊抱孩童令人動容：https://bit.ly/3msad88

AZ疫苗開打
→AZ疫苗全台57家醫院開打！2種人不適合接種、打完疫苗6症狀盡速就醫：https://bit.ly/3t2Rsux
→AZ疫苗開打第5天接種破7千人 不良事件累計14例：https://bit.ly/3td2629
→德總理梅克爾表態：願意接種AZ疫苗：https://bit.ly/3td2bCZ
→AZ疫苗開打 蘇貞昌陳時中帶頭接種安民心：https://bit.ly/31VpNjh
→蘇貞昌接種疫苗「連針套都沒拔」？醫批：這些人不是太無知，就是太邪惡：https://bit.ly/322ArEN
→AZ疫苗4/6起擴大施打 3大族群開放接種：https://bit.ly/3t49VH9
→專家決議AZ疫苗加註血栓警語 2類族群暫緩施打 ：https://bit.ly/2Owd6Zh
→歐盟將公布AZ疫苗新評估 世衛：接種益處超過風險：https://bit.ly/3dIbN1O
→EMA：AZ疫苗與罕見血栓明顯有關：https://bit.ly/2Q7dJJf
→當局評估AZ疫苗與血栓關聯 牛津大學暫停兒童試驗：https://bit.ly/31TqkSX

「鮭魚之亂」
→壽司郎優惠名叫「鮭魚」免費吃！遭吐槽：誰這樣取名：https://bit.ly/3cWvHaf
→【鮭魚之亂】超狂！今又增194總計331人改名　一圖看懂全台「改名鮭」分布：https://bit.ly/2PN5LVN
→壽司郎慘了！3男組團改名「鮭魚」吃大餐 網笑：走上不鮭路了：https://bit.ly/3wN6ib0
→大逆轉！全台掛心的「鮭魚之夢」 還有一次改名機會：https://bit.ly/3t2RGSp
→Taiwan official urges people to stop changing their name to 'salmon’：https://bit.ly/3uCdq8f
→「鮭魚」浪費食物！壽司郎員工氣炸揭囂張亂象：https://bit.ly/3uBdVz5
→鮭魚們再掀改本名潮 立委籲規劃「冷靜期」 ：https://bit.ly/2PKpPbh
→改名「鮭魚」、整桌免錢！壽司郎兩天請客近千桌，是成功行銷嗎？：https://bit.ly/3s0d8Gj

緬甸血腥鎮壓升級
→人命為餌的軍隊陷阱？緬甸夜間鎮壓與民間激化的武裝反抗：https://bit.ly/3s1fwNd
→軍政府挺軍政府？緬甸的存活絕路...泰國邊境重兵驅逐難民：https://bit.ly/39SS5iP
→掃射喪禮燒活人：緬甸軍方重現「羅興亞清洗」的酷刑戰術：https://bit.ly/2RdwsTP
→緬甸軍隊歡慶「國定殺戮日」：114人慘死的屠殺星期六：https://bit.ly/2PJrT3i
→Myanmar coup: More than 40 children killed by military, rights group says：https://bbc.in/39Vk5T4
→緬甸恐爆內戰! 逾500死 武裝少數民族同抗軍方：https://bit.ly/3mxXaSH
→畫上抗爭圖騰.標語 緬甸掀""復活節蛋""抗議：https://bit.ly/2OtSwsj

大牌長榮
→ 長榮貨輪擱淺 蘇伊士運河大塞船：https://bit.ly/3s3TvNE
→每""卡""1hr損失百億! 蘇伊士運河""鎖喉""全球跳腳：https://bit.ly/3uCdFAb
→蘇伊士運河塞船需4天消化 事故調查聚焦領航員與船長間聯繫：https://bit.ly/3rXpwXx
→外界擔憂「賠不完」 長榮海運總經理：曝險程度很低：https://bit.ly/3wAe0F7
→埃及擬索賠288億 長賜號船東提告長榮海運：https://bit.ly/31ZClpG
→大牌長榮啟示錄：蘇伊士運河搶通與「海怪巨輪」之必要？：https://bit.ly/39TkbKS
→Suez Canal: How did they move the Ever Given?：https://reurl.cc/0DRG8x
→As crews worked to free the ship, the internet demanded they ‘put it back.’：https://reurl.cc/e9Ag4Q

美國仇亞犯罪增
→亞特蘭大按摩店屠殺 警方查動機是否涉仇恨亞裔：https://reurl.cc/mqA2j1
→按摩店8死大屠殺：亞特蘭大槍擊案算不算「亞裔種族攻擊」？：https://reurl.cc/7ymNv5
→舊金山頻傳亞裔遇襲 居民憂心人身安全：https://reurl.cc/5ozQWq
→亞裔老婦紐約街頭被痛毆 警方逮捕施暴犯嫌：https://reurl.cc/1gqEAm
→美國亞特蘭大槍擊案：亞裔女性自白「我們不柔弱、膽小、沉默」：https://reurl.cc/XeygMR

日本跨出婚姻平權第一步
→禁止同婚是違憲的！日本LGBT「劃時代勝訴」的平權下一步？：https://reurl.cc/l0A2K9
→#我也是看法白才知道：日本法院判決國家不承認同婚，違憲！—— 《法律白話文運動》臉書粉專：https://reurl.cc/raA2Or
→日本首例 札幌地院判政府不承認同性婚姻違憲：https://reurl.cc/DvE7rE
→跟上性平腳步！ 橫濱市12月開放同性伴侶申請關係證明書：https://reurl.cc/3N9Wql

趣味集錦
→日本無餡料包子被讚「顛覆想像」熱銷一空！網友愣：不就饅頭：https://reurl.cc/R6mg3x
→中山大學的日常？女大生宿舍門口持BB槍 防獼猴搶食物：https://reurl.cc/R6mgMr

溫馨結尾
→日媒讚吳念庭人品好 無庸置疑單週MVP：https://reurl.cc/zbEL96
→吳念庭04/03賽後英雄訪問：https://reurl.cc/l0A26Y


【 延伸閱讀 】

→【普悠瑪事故追蹤報導】傾斜掉的台鐵——太魯閣、普悠瑪誤東部10年：https://reurl.cc/ynG0q8
→【普悠瑪事故週年追踨】國家不願面對的真相：獨家揭露台鐵體檢報告：https://reurl.cc/6yxMoV
→蔡中岳：少了一張安全抵達花東的車票，我們都是倖存者：https://reurl.cc/9Zaqex
→前交通部長賀陳旦：台鐵是最被干預、最可憐、最惡性的行政機關：https://reurl.cc/7ymNGQ
→以日本為鑑　台鐵民營化不是改革的萬靈丹：https://reurl.cc/dVAgN6
→國家如何「系統性」思考救災？——寫在台鐵太魯閣號事故後：https://reurl.cc/L0qg87
→社評：很難承認這是一場單純的意外：https://reurl.cc/e9AgeL
→緬甸政變：支持與反對軍隊的僧人隔空對談：https://reurl.cc/R6mgp9
→美國種族歧視：被污名化的華人按摩業「我們值得被尊重」：https://reurl.cc/WE7g57




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雖然各界對新疆維吾爾族人遭受到各種迫害指證歷歷，連中國最喜歡拿出來說嘴的聯合國專家，都已經表示中國秘密囚禁百萬以上的維族人，不過中國國家主席習近平在日前的新疆工作座談會絲毫不為所動，他強調新疆「社會穩定，人民安居樂業」，治疆方略「完全正確，必須長期堅持」。現在又有新的研究發現，新疆人還在繼續受到宗教和文化上的打壓，今天我們就來談談最新的爭議。

最新的研究來自澳洲戰略政策研究所（ASPI），這份關於中國壓迫穆斯林少數民族的報告發現，新疆有數千座清真寺在短短三年內遭到破壞或摧毀，從北京宣傳的24000多座，銳減到15000座，其中有一半以上受到一定程度的破壞，清真寺數量來到文革以來最少。

其實這個「宗教中國化」，是習近平在2015年就開始推動的計畫，之後就發生很多宗教迫害的事，像是江西省政府去年下令天主教堂掛五星旗、聖母畫像換成習近平像，新疆喀什的一座清真寺，有一座可以追溯到十六世紀的門樓，也被強迫蓋上「愛黨愛國」標語，看了都很令人傻眼。

ASPI他們利用衛星圖和搜集大量當地的資料，發現新疆大有約三分之二的清真寺受到影響，一半受保護文化遺址遭到破壞或摧毀，包括可追溯到10世紀的聖殿朝聖古址Ordam mazar還是被完全摧毀。破壞的方式像是拆除尖塔或圓頂等建築特徵，被夷平的大部分還是空地，但有些變成道路和停車場，或是改作農業用途。這些大多是發生在地廣人稀的地方，像是有大量遊客的地區，像是首都烏魯木齊和喀什市，大多數清真寺都被掛鎖或被改作其他用途。

之前中國政府面對外界指控說有再教育營也說是造謠啊，結果到最後還是承認了，只不過換個名稱叫做「教育培訓中心」，而且一度還找外媒去拍攝不是嗎？結果出來的影片都超詭異的，一堆人刻意唱歌跳舞，還說我現在都沒有極端思想了，嚇死人。根本越描越黑。

這次ASPI的報告裡也發現，雖然中國政府說，教培中心的學員已經全部結業，但是新疆當局其實從去年以來一直在擴大各種類型的拘禁設施，認為很有可能許多在押人員並沒有獲釋，而是可能被送進監獄或其他設施。

很多親友被關的海外維族人一直想要尋找自己的家人是不是已經回家了，但是發現有些人一度獲釋，但又被判刑關進監獄，也有的被安排去工廠強迫勞動，所以現在也有很多人呼籲不要在新疆設工廠或是使用新疆出口的產品像是棉花。

雖然北京反覆重申不存在所謂的拘留營，也不透露到底被關押的人數有多少。但是ASPI的研究人員找到大約380個疑似拘禁營的地點。最新的衛星圖像顯示，其中至少有61個在2019年7月至今年7月這段時間裡擴大了規模，其中14個仍在擴建中。分成四種安全級別來關押。
我去年在看《紐約時報》的一項調查就說，新疆的法院在2017年和2018年總共判處了23萬人監禁或其他懲罰，遠遠超過自治區歷史上任何一個時期。這些被關起來的人到底犯了什麼罪？

很多人因為分裂國家或試圖顛覆政權這種模糊不清的罪名被關，像是新疆維族學者伊力哈木就因為堅持新疆自治，還有要求中國政府正視新疆人的不滿情緒而被判了終身監禁。像我們德國之聲之前找到四名逃出再教育營的人，他們很多都是莫名其妙被捕，然後到了再教育營裡面，再從70幾個跟宗教有關的罪名挑一個。

根據自由亞洲電台的報導，甚至說新疆有餐廳被有關當局改成喝酒培訓基地。飲酒在伊斯蘭教的戒律當中是不允許的，但是在新疆，不喝酒卻被視為極端主義的一種象徵。為了給不喝酒的人培養出他們喝酒的習慣，改變他們的習俗。海外穆斯林稱，中國當局想借此滅絕少數民族文化習俗。之前他們也曾經報導過，新疆政府在漢族農曆新年期間以「幫助貧困少數民族」為名，向維吾爾族、哈薩克族等穆斯林派發豬肉，又要求他們喝酒、跳漢族人舞蹈。當局威脅穆斯林，如拒絕按漢族傳統過春節，就會把他們送入「再教育營」。

這麼誇張的事情，跟新疆同一個族群跟語系的土耳其，之前他們也有出來譴責，土耳其的強人總統厄多安在2009年就曾經譴責中國對維族人進行種族屠殺，因為當時有很多維吾爾人逃亡土耳其避難。不過後來土耳其因為經濟陷入困難，又包了中國一帶一路的工程，說話自然就越來越小聲。目前最大力聲援的反而是法國總統馬克宏在聯合國大會上要求派遣調查團去調查。

每次中國不都說歡迎大家到新疆來看看，那就趕快讓聯合國小組還有媒體記者去調查，大家也應該持續關心。不然就像德國神學家的二戰懺悔文，當他們抓別人的時候，我們都保持沈默，最後當他們來抓我們的時候，也不會有人站起來為我們說話。你對這個議題還有什麼想法，歡迎和我們分享。
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註：「世界都在看」單元錄影時，土耳其執政黨尚未發表聲明批評新疆政策。
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