#蕭叔叔的英國文學課【莎士比亞溝死女的豪氣】
在愛情路上,莎士比亞是個矛盾的人:有時自信爆棚,霸氣十足;有時卻自怨自艾,害怕愛人隨時拋棄自己。無論在哪一個mode,他的文字總能生動刻畫出他的心情。
除了最有名的劇作外,老莎的sonnets其實也很精彩。Sonnets一般譯作「十四行詩」,格式是三段四句,加上兩句懶精警的說話作結。老莎的sonnets多是關於情情愛愛,所以蕭叔叔簡稱之為「莎士比亞的情詩」,大家請勿見怪。
這首Sonnet 18,第一句Shall I compare thee to a summer's day家傳戶曉,讚愛人天姿國色,連可愛的英國夏日都比不上。詩的後半段,才是蕭叔叔最愛。
Sonnet 18 原文:
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
When in eternal lines in time thou growest;
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
他說:
every fair from fair sometime declines。
譯作現代英文,大概就是:
every fair (beautiful) thing will eventually declines from its beauty,
意思是世上所有美麗的事物,好像英國的夏日,總有褪色的一天。為什麼呢?可能是命運使然(by chance),也可能是因為大自然無可阻擋的力量(nature's changing course untrimmed)。
但是,你的「夏日」永遠不會褪色(but thy eternal summer shall not fade),永遠不會失去今天擁有的美(nor lose possession of that fair thou owest)。連死神也不能誇口有天能把你籠罩在他的陰影下(Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade)。
最後三句,是整首詩的高潮,最能表現莎士比亞的超級自信和男神氣概。
他說,人雖終有一死,美麗終會褪色,但你不用怕,因為我已經把你寫進我的文字。只要人類一息尚存,眼睛尚看得見,讀得到我的文字,你的美就能長存於世:
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, so long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
如此氣概,怎能不為之傾倒?
蕭叔叔
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