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中心靜脈壓（CVP）（英語：central venous pressure）指的是右心房和胸腔內大靜脈的血壓。正常值為4~12cmH2O。 ... 中心靜脈壓的大小取決於心臟射血能力和靜脈回心血量之間的 ...
翻開教科書，它會告訴我們CVP的正常值是5-10cmH2O，當CVP<5cmH2O時，表示血容量不足；高於15cmH2O時則提示心功能不全、靜脈血管床過度收縮或肺循環阻力 ...
中心靜脈壓（CVP）是上下腔靜脈進入右心房處的壓力。通過上下腔靜脈或右心房內置管測得。它反映右心房壓，是臨床觀察血流動力學的主要指標之一。
#4. 癌症病人常見靜脈導管之護理
中心靜脈導管的適應症. • 快速輸液. • 特殊藥物給藥，避免血管傷害： TPN、. C/T 、升壓劑…. • 週邊管路難以執行者. • 監測用途：如CVP 監測cvp level.
#5. 臨床應用！中心靜脈壓（CVP）的測量（內附操作視頻）
中心靜脈壓（central venous pressure，CVP)是指右心房及上、下腔靜脈胸腔段的壓力。它可判斷病人血容量、心功能與血管張力的綜合情況，有別於周圍 ...
三、空氣進入CVP。 四、點滴不通暢。 五、管路滑脫. 六、針扎. 人為因素污染。刷手動作不完全，置入. 過程遭汙染. 病患眼睛法完全閉合或未貼上3M 膠布.
#7. 加護病房內的血液動力學監測– Hemodynamic monitoring in ICU
☆ 而心搏輸出量(Stroke Volume) 會受到前負荷(容積多少) 與心臟收縮力的影響。 ☆ Chest 2006; 指出CVP level 與blood volume相關性非常差。 ☆ 故CVP ...
cvp level. CVP central venous pressure 中心靜脈壓是測量右心房或腔靜脈內的壓力並可以做為評估 ...
#9. [護理]CVP管路顏色與測量方法
CVP 管路顏色白、藍用於給藥咖啡-測量CVP，沒測量時也可以拿來給藥。 正常值4-10mmHg CVP過高:高血容積、心臟衰竭(特別是在右心)、心包膜填塞CVP過低: ...
#10. CVP LEVEL 為什麼單位是cmH2O而不是mmHg? | 健康跟著走
中心靜脈壓監測(Central Venous Pressure monitoring ; CVP). 目的: 1,測量右心房的壓力,以了解心臟接受及排出血液的能力. 2,作為液體治療的指標., CVP ...
#11. 情境模擬教學紀錄表 - 敏惠醫護管理專科學校護理科
考題：CVP測量及CVC care ... 清楚，今天上午醫師於患者右前胸置放中心靜脈導管，CVP level 為8cm-H2O，Fix在18cm，現有5%GW 20gtt/min滴注中，醫囑有CVP測量Qd以及CVC ...
#12. 昨晚栽在... @ 姒若梅 - 隨意窩
two way cvp 就沒有藍端!! 咖啡端是管徑最大，且在最tip的地方，所以通常量CVP level都會選擇這一端較為準確!!
#13. 新生醫護管理專科學校性別平等教育融入教學活動設計
3. CVP 值讀取: CVP 值得讀取以液面凹點為主，正常值4-12cmH2O，病患若使用呼吸器會. 影響CVP 的數值，須讀取吐氣末期之數值。 4. 一般而言中心靜脈導管穿刺部位q3d CD。 5 ...
#14. Measuring central venous pressure - CETL
CVP is usually recorded at the mid-axillary line where the manometer arm or transducer is level with the phlebostatic axis. This is where the fourth ...
#15. 內科部加護中心工作手冊 - 台中榮總
Waveform，正常RAP range 等於0-8mmHg，相當於CVP 和RVEDP(Right. Ventricle End Diastolic Pressure)。若RAP↑，則是一種信號如：.
#16. Noninvasive central venous pressure measurement by ...
Results: In healthy subjects with experimentally induced venous hypertension with a wide range of pressure values, a strong correlation (r = ...
#17. The effect of CVP on critically ill AKI patients | IJGM - Dove ...
Association between the central venous pressure and all-cause mortality ... Conclusion: The minimum CVP level during the first 72h after ICU ...
#18. Central venous pressure (CVP) measurement - King Edward ...
Normal range for CVP is 2 to 8mmHg or 3 to 10cmH2O. 2 . The CVP may be measured with a manometer or transducer. • Low CVP may indicate hypovolaemia.
#19. an analysis of the MIMIC-III database | Critical Care | Full Text
Measurement of central venous pressure (CVP) can be a useful ... The time to initial CVP measurement, the initial level of CVP and the ...
#20. 觀念敗血症—從零到應用Pretest What is SIRS ? What Is Sepsis
④於嚴重敗血症輸液治療的目標為CVP level達到多. 少？ A. 8-12cmH2O B. 4-8cmH2O. C. 8-12mmHg D. 11-16mmHg. ⑤下列何者不是systemic inflammatory ...
#21. CVP LEVEL 為什麼單位是cmH2O而不是mmHg?(頁1) - 醫藥
測量中心靜脈壓(central venous pressure, CVP)，用以評估循環生理參數，以及估計體液多寡。 目的: 1.測量右心房壓力，以了解心臟接受及排出血液的能力。
#22. Association between elevated central venous pressure and ...
We aimed to further characterize the association between mean CVP level and outcome as well as treatment received in the intensive care unit ( ...
#23. Association between different CVP level and hospital mortality ...
Background: The appropriate range of central venous pressure (CVP) in sepsis patients remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the ...
#24. 病房常規治療時間 - 實習單位資料
覆蓋敷料如用紗布須qd更換，如用 OP Site q3d更換op-side一次，並以彩虹貼紙貼於上以提醒注意更換日期。 2.若on CVP monitor者，需每班check CVP level；並記錄於護理記錄 ...
#25. Q&A - 衛生福利部疾病管制署
若為連續性動作，只要一次洗手，移除留置針後（時機3）→洗手→做無菌技術（時機2）。 最後更新日期2019/1/8. 請問同一個病人，護理人員予測量CVP level後→NG ...
#26. 「check cvp level中文」懶人包資訊整理 (1) | 蘋果健康咬一口
中心靜脈壓（CVP）的測量方法2016年7月31日— 一、中心靜脈壓（central venous pressure）英文簡寫CVP，指血液流經右心房及上、下腔靜脈胸腔段的壓力。 二、意義：通過對CVP ...
#27. Reference level of CVP - Measurement of uppermost level of S...
Background and Goal of Study: The importance of a central venous catheter (CVC) has been increasing, however, the reference zero level for ...
#28. CVP Measurement • LITFL • CCC Equipment
Central venous pressure (CVP) is the pressure recorded from the right atrium or superior vena cava and is representative of the filling pressure ...
#29. 心臟超音波：IVC看甚麼？之一 - 張庭嘉：我想漫漫說
... 祭出CVP level以及使用PiCCO等方式，來說服自己是否已經給足了水份。 ... IVC影像可以用來預估CVP (central venous pressure)，過去醫師也不乏 ...
#30. cvp level 過高
cvp level 過高 ... 31/7/2016 · 一、中心靜脈壓（central venous pressure）英文簡寫CVP，指血液流經右心房及上、下腔靜脈胸腔段的壓力。 將動脈導管置入動脈內直接測量動脈 ...
#31. cvp level 測量方法
CVP LEVEL 為什麼單位是cmH2O而不是mmHg? cvp care步驟; cvp level peep; 頸靜脈壓(Jugular venous pressure, JVP); 敗血癥之血流動力學治療.
#32. [閒聊] 請問各問前輩關於CVP---急
不過你說得沒錯阿~CVP的確是中心靜脈壓 至於顏色的頭我到是沒有研究是什麼用途...可以通應該都可以給輸液才對至於測CVP level
#33. Central venous pressure measurement | Deranged Physiology
... in the chapter on the factors which influence the accuracy of CVP measurement. The transducer is zeroed at the level of the right atrium ...
#34. Online Central Venous Pressure (CVP) Course
Check out this course from IvyLeagueNurse about central venous pressure! ... Normal CVP values range 2-6mmHg or 4-12cmH20 ...
#35. Can non-invasive ventilation modify central venous pressure ...
Central venous pressure (CVP) is primarily measured to assess ... study was performed at the ED of an urban academic level I trauma centre.
#36. Site Map - Community Visitor Program
Are CVP services confidential? Level 2 Item, About our services. Level 2 Item, Community Visitors and Panels. Level 2 Item, Complaints. Level ...
#37. Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis Definition - Investopedia
Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis looks at the impact that varying levels of sales and product costs have on operating profit.
#38. Totally Implanted Port May Be an Alternative to Centrally ...
Measurements of CVP using CICC (CICCP) and TIP (TIPP) may be ... were simulated by raising the water level in the vertical part of the ...
#39. [心得] CVC Nursing Care Guideline讀後分享- 看板Nurse
(T/F) 3.cvp LEVEL測量是不是也只能用咖啡色端?(Y/N) 4.用咖啡色那頭接TPN，CVP我也是儘量從這裡測，那邊是近心端(T/F) 5.若是2-way或3-way應該都會先 ...
#40. Central Valley Project (CVP) Water Contracts Fact Sheet
takes delivery of CVP water based upon its dry year contract. ... ability to receive Level 2 water from the CVP due to lack of connection to the CVP. To.
#41. Climate Variability & Predictability (CVP)
The Climate Variability and Predictability (CVP) Program supports research that enhances our process-level understanding of the climate system through ...
#42. Shock in Pediatrics Workup - Medscape Reference
Central venous pressure measurement. Cardiac output (CO) monitoring. Near-infrared spectroscopy. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels.
#43. CVP Joins Select Group of Companies Appraised at CMMI ...
Fairfax, VA – August 23, 2016 –Customer Value Partners today announced that it has been appraised at Level 3 for both Development (DEV) and ...
#44. Configuration via Protocol (CvP) Implementation in V-series ...
Top-level wrapper for the PCI Express High Performance Reference Design. top.cof. CvP conversion file for CvP initialization mode.
#45. Comparison of different techniques of central venous pressure ...
CVP measurement was performed according to the usual practi- ces of our ICU. The pressure measurement system was placed on the right or left arm at the level of ...
#46. Courses & Curriculum | Health Professions | MUSC
Course & curriculum for the entry-level MS in Cardiovascular Perfusion ... The CVP curriculum spans 21 consecutive months and consists of didactic and ...
#47. Central venous pressure monitoring in the ICU - Oxford ...
The normal range of CVP is small so that before using it one must ensure proper measurement, specifically the reference level.
#48. Recommended Trace Levels for CVP/ISN - Cisco
This document provides the recommended level of traces for the Customer Voice Portal (CVP) or Internet Service Node (ISN) product to help determine whether ...
#49. cvp level 測量
如何測cvp level · 釘犬: CVC Nursing Care Guideline讀後分享 · 972 CVP monitoring and care · cvp care技術 · cvp level ...
#50. CVP Analysis: A New Look - jstor
Cost Volume Profit analysis (CVP) is one of the most hallowed, and yet ... and risk level on strategic decisions, ... come levels in CVP analyses will be.
#51. Consultation - UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations
~$152/hr; Consultation with a CVP faculty member; Support of a CVP staff member; Formal recommendations on project design; Usability testing. Level 3 ...
#52. False negative CVP with a normal waveform - Kannan - 2001
Various causes of 'erroneous' central venous pressure (CVP) readings include ... The transducer was at the level of the midaxillary line.
#53. Prediction of the central venous pressure in trauma patients ...
Among all proposed models and non-invasive parameters to predict the central venous pressure range, CVPLC model (at a cutoff point of 9), ...
#54. Jugular Venous Pressure Measurement (JVP) - University of ...
The technique for examination for CVP (central venous pressure) ... angle of Louis (manubrio sternal joint) and the highest level of jugular vein pulsation.
#55. Chest X-ray - Tubes - CV Catheters - Position - Radiology ...
... level of the carina is generally considered acceptable for most short-term uses, such as fluid administration or monitoring of central venous pressure.
#56. cvp level 單位
CVP LEVEL 為什麼單位是cmH2O而不是mmHg?差別在哪? 測量中心靜脈壓(central venous pressure, CVP)，用以評估循環生理參數，以及估計體液多寡。 目的: 1.
#57. CT WiZ Training - CT.gov
Same day data entry of patient-level information on all CVP (Connecticut Vaccine Program) and COVID-19doses administered.
#58. cvp level normal 中心靜脈壓 - Feefs
cvp level normal 中心靜脈壓. 在這邊和大家分享一下查證的結果:)， central venous pressure ）指的是右心房和胸腔內大靜脈的血壓。正常值為4~12cmH 2 O。 [1] 中心 ...
#59. 67 Central Venous/Right Atrial Pressure Monitoring - Elsevier
central venous pressure (CVP) or the right atrial pressure (RAP) allows for evaluation ... Leveling device (low-intensity laser or carpenter level).
#60. Central venous pressure in femoral catheter - bjcvs
Central venous pressure (CVP) is an important clinical parameter in patients ... and power for 5% significance level > 99.99% (Table 3 and Figures 1 and 2).
#61. Logical Operations Certified Virtualization Professional (CVP ...
Earners of the Logical Operations Certified Virtualization Professional (CVP) Level 1 badge are skilled VMware® practitioners capable of installing, ...
#62. Device-level Actions - Arista
Device-level Actions CloudVision Portal (CVP) enables you to provision devices as needed based on your current networking requirements.
#63. 加護護理訓練課程
中心靜脈壓(CVP)、潮氣. 末二氧化碳(End Tital CO. 2. ) 二、顱內壓監測(ICP monitor). 壓力感應：硬腦腦膜上、硬腦膜下、腦室、腦實質內. CPP = MAP – ICP.
#64. Careers at CVP - Community Veterinary Partners
Every hospital brings its own culture and style to the CVP family, ... Learn What It Means to Be a Part of CVP ... A Level of Support That is Unmatched.
#65. Central Venous Pressure: Uses and Limitations
demonstrated the relationships between CVP and cardiac output and between the ... reference level of the pressure measuring device, whether a fluid filled ...
#66. Central venous catheters and central venous pressure.
Find out the normal range for a mid-axilla CVP measurement in cmH2O and mmHg. Make a list of as many factors as possible that might contribute ...
#67. Non-Invasive Bedside Assessment of Central Venous Pressure
When compared to the gold standard of central venous pressure by a level 3 echocardiographer, the JVP was the most sensitive at 86%, ...
#68. Professional Repairs - CVP.com
A service and support level that you can trust · Authorised Service Centre · ProRepair Services · Repairs · Spares · Returns · Warranty Repairs · Everything housed ...
#69. Discover enviolo manual and automatic hub products for ...
A smart range of hubs for different riders needs. The continuously variable planetary (CVP) technology forms the foundation of all enviolo stepless shifting ...
#70. Elevation of Central Venous Pressure and Organ Congestion
Moreover, our report shows that body size, measured as BSA, affects the optimal cut-off level of IVC for detecting increased RAP in Japanese HF patients.
#71. CVP(中心靜脈壓):測定,注意事項,操作方法,適應症,臨床意義
中心靜脈壓（central venous pressure，CVP)是指右心房及上、下腔靜脈胸腔段的壓力。它可判斷病人血容量、心功能與血管張力的綜合情況，有別於周圍靜脈壓力。
#72. CVP Group | LinkedIn
CVP Group is an independent training provider offering apprenticeships in ... on which one you choose, what level it is and your previous experience.
#73. Novel tools for hemodynamic monitoring in critically ill patients ...
In the late 1990s central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring via central venous catheterization (CVC) emerged as a less invasive alternative that ...
#74. Full Range Class D Monoblock CVP Pro Amplifier - CVPRO5K
Cerwin Vega Mobile CVPRO5K Full Range Class D Monoblock CVP Pro Amplifier RMS Power: 1900W x 1 @ 4 ohms 3300W x 1 @ 2 ohms 5000W x 1 @ 1 ohm CEA-2006 ...
#75. Module Pilot Valve CVP-L (Range -0.66 a 7 Bar) | Antilhue.com
Referential image. D027B0920000. Module Pilot Valve CVP-L (Range -0.66 a 7 Bar). Danfoss • 027B0920. https://antilhue ...
#76. VMware vSphere 6.0 Level 2 Exam Voucher - Logical ...
Certified Virtualization Professional (CVP) - VMware vSphere 6.0 Level 2 Exam Voucher Exam Specifications Number of items: 80.
#77. CVP LEVEL 為什麼單位是cmH2O而不是mmHg?
測量中心靜脈壓(central venous pressure, CVP)，用以評估循環生理參數， ... 中央靜脈壓是測定上腔靜脈內的壓力,也就反應右心房的壓力,CVP會 .
#78. Why should we continue measuring central venous pressure?
Central venous pressure (CVP) is still the most frequent hemodynamic variable for deciding when to administer fluids.1 This is interesting regarding ...
#79. REVIEW MEMORANDUM - Accessdata.fda.gov
The reported values for the four levels of GEM CVP (two levels for pH, blood gases, electrolytes, metabolites and CO-Oximetry; two levels for hematocrit) ...
#80. BOA-CVP H - KSB
BOA-CVP H ... including the reversible seat; noise level reduced by standard two-stage pressure ... 2-page product description BOA-CVE/CVP H (7525.021_EN) ...
#81. ALPHA® CVP-390
Reflowed ALPHA CVP-390-1 SAC305 solder paste on 0.1 mm space SIR coupons. SIR per J-STD-004B / IPC-TM-650 Method ... Preferred J-STD-004A and JIS Level 2.
#82. Certified Vision Professional (CVP) - Advanced Certification
A CVP-Advanced certification is currently the highest level of distinction for vision industry professionals worldwide. Virtual testing is now available ...
#83. Venous Function and Central Venous Pressure | Anesthesiology
Venous Function and Central Venous Pressure: A Physiologic Story ... gradient to VR would be achieved at a higher level of both pressures, MCFP and CVP, ...
#84. Central Venous Pressure: Principles, Measurement, and ...
Right ventricular end-diastolic volume is proportional to preload, which is the major determinant of stroke volume at any given level of contractility. 8 ...
#85. 台中榮總護理標準技術(重點整理)
4.Suction Bottle八分滿需更換。 5.Qd 9點Check Cuff Pressure 20-25mmHg(Endo, Tr.) (十六)CVP level. 1.半坐 ...
#86. CVP(中心靜脈壓):測定，注意事項，操作方法，適應癥 - Zzkvs
CVP. CVP is measured by coupling the intravascular space to a pressure transducer using a fluid-filled tubing. Pressure is monitored at the level of the ...
#87. Zeroing the Central Venous Pressure Manometer - JAMA ...
To the Editor:—Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring of blood volume in the ... which arises when zeroing the manometer level to the superior vena cava.
#88. Søren Søndergaard - Pure
... position of the right atrium to align pressure transducer for CVP: Spirit level or ... The central venous pressure, CVP, is an important variable in the ...
#89. CORPORATE INFORMATION | Outline of Company | Executives
EVP: Executive vice president. SVP: Senior vice president. CVP: Corporate vice president. more info. Go back to top of this page ...
#90. Blood pressure modulation by central venous ... - AHA Journals
sures over a broad range. However, cardiac output and arterial blood pressure are relatively insensitive to changes in central venous pressure (CVP).4,5 ...
#91. Central Venous Pressure Monitoring - RnCeus.com
Central Venous Pressure Monitoring · Normal CVP is 2-6 mm Hg. · CVP is elevated by : overhydration which increases venous return; heart failure or PA stenosis ...
#92. BIOLOGICAL OPINION - US Fish and Wildlife Service
Operations of the Central Valley Project (CVP) and State Water Project ... project-level consultation because they are not subject to future ...
#93. New York Life Cvp Salaries | Glassdoor
New York Life Salary FAQs. How does the salary as a CVP at New York Life compare with the base salary range for this job?
#94. Modified Calculation of the Cerebral Perfusion Pressure in a ...
Skull base approximates zero venous pressure level when CVP – ρgh < 0, because jugular veins are exposed to the atmospheric pressure upon exiting the scull.
#95. CVP可以为负数吗？——那些关于CVP你不知道的事_测量
笔者最近看了关于一篇文章：《ICU医护人员中心静脉压测量流程及临床应用现状调查》，结果显示医务人员对于CVP的了解不是很透彻，颇有感想。
#96. Corporate Value Program (CVP) - Society for Technical ...
CVP Levels. STC offers two levels of CVP membership! Which CVP membership category is best for your team? Below are lists of benefits and pricing for each CVP ...
cvp level 在 [心得] CVC Nursing Care Guideline讀後分享- 看板Nurse 的推薦與評價
剛近臨床時，也問過學姐同樣的問題，感謝這次很多人提出討論，讓我忍不住去查了
點資料，大大的釐清不少疑惑之處，在這邊和大家分享一下查證的結果:)，也期待能拋磚
引玉，帶起大家主動尋找正確解答的好習慣，護理畢竟是一門科學，有系統的學習和以實
證為基礎是必須的。
有時看到一些解答是以個人(資深學姐?)經驗或是醫院習慣為基礎，的確這是最快最簡
單的方法，但別忘了就算是"專家意見"，在實證裡也不過屬於最低最不可信的等級，更遑
論有些根本沒有去查過了解過的人了。
以下是我閱讀某廠牌Central Venous Catheter Nursing Care Guidelines的整理。
<用page down咖齁看喔!!>
全名：central venous catheter，理論上CVC才是正確的簡稱，但CVC其實分很多種
種類：1.Single- Lumen Catheters (SLC)
單管腔，用於需要輸注高黏性、高滲性藥物、化療甚至手術時使用。
2.Multiple- Lumen Catheters (MLC)
本篇討論的重點-多管腔的。臨床常見2~4way，提供給藥、輸液、輸血、採血、
監測等功能，並有可以同時輸注多種不相容的藥物的優點。
3.Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICC)
週邊置入的中心靜脈導管。從上臂置入一路延伸到SVC，提供間歇或連續性治療
使用，可由受過訓練的護理人員執行置入。
4.Implantable Catheters
植入型導管。如port-A，為一封閉系統。
5.Thermodilution Catheters
熱稀釋導管(XD我硬翻的啦...我不知道正確名稱是啥<囧..)也叫肺動脈導管，當
需要精確監測心肺功能時會用到，有感熱裝置可以量測心輸出量。
5.Hemodialysis Catheters
血液透析導管。
<很陌生沒關係，今天只討論第2項，以下才是重點....>
Multiple- Lumen Catheters (MLC)簡介
以3way的為例，首先要先認識那三條的位置和管腔特色，多數人以顏色來記，但不知
道各家廠牌會不會有差異?萬一有第四第五條時會不會搞混?所以個人建議還是記名稱，最
可靠也最能掌握原則(仔細看那三條line的管壁上，有印它是那一端的喔!!)
1.Proximal 近端 (白頭)
離出口最近，離心臟最遠，主要用來抽血，因為比較不會被下面兩條的點滴或
藥物汙染，但一般建議若要抽血還是將所有管路都關掉至少一分鐘再抽比較好。
2.Medial 中間 (藍頭)
最沒有特色的一頭，但因為給予TPN建議獨立使用一條Line(避免導管導致的感
染)，所以若有用TPN，中間這條是首選。
3.Distal 遠端 (咖啡頭)
離出口最遠，離心臟最近，並且是管腔最大的一條，這是為什麼會選他來測CVP
的原因，但理論上每一條line都可以測CVP，因為他們都在上腔靜脈系統裡面。此外
，若要快速給予大量輸液或是較黏稠的藥，這條最大的管腔也是可以作為首選的。
不過根據文中所說，以上建議和準則，多數是用推論的方式所得，還缺乏足夠的資料
去證實，但至少我們已經了解其設計和考量的點，可以做為臨床使用的一些參考了。
看到這裡，不知道各位對於之前的諸多問題，心中是否有答案了呢?
當遇到這些管路和藥物時，有沒有更清楚的方向的呢?
當遇到資深學姐時，知道怎麼回答了嗎;)?
好
那根據以上所學
咱們來練習一下17653篇看到的問題和回答
1.CVP 可以一端接 TPN,一端接抗生素,一起滴注嗎?(Y/N)
2.只有一個原則不可破壞..就是大分子的,如:TPN和輸血,一定要用遠端(咖啡頭)...(T/F)
3.cvp LEVEL測量是不是也只能用咖啡色端?(Y/N)
4.用咖啡色那頭接TPN，CVP我也是儘量從這裡測，那邊是近心端(T/F)
5.若是2-way或3-way應該都會先接白頭或藍頭(T/F)
想好了嗎?往下要看答案囉~~
要先想過!不可以先偷看答案喔!
參考資料：Arrow Multi-Lumen Central Venous Catheter: Nursing Care Guidelines -
Only available on-line as PDF
下載自https://www.arrowintl.com/products/education/
Ans: Y F N F F 你全對了嗎;)!!!
註：1.第4第5題不是絕對錯，只是要看該病人狀況和使用目的。
2.本文純粹分享讀書心得，開放自取，敬請指教;)
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※ 編輯: amandafun 來自: 112.78.84.168 (05/20 11:59)
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