週五晚,一艘香港船旗的名為CSSC Cape Town好望角型乾散貨船舶這艘貨船滿載煤炭從美國巴爾的摩港出發,運往阿爾赫西拉斯。在進入直布羅陀灣英國直布羅陀領海時,船上發生爆炸。爆炸似乎發生在艏尖艙forecastle的區域。
這艘2020年下水的新船,又是在美國港口裝的貨,為何會莫名其妙地發生了爆炸?爆炸,自有其物理與化學之條件(否則賣炸藥的公司都會倒閉光了),因此不要懷疑,一定是運送的過程中大意,新船上的人員管理還在磨合期,最主要的原因仍在於:”船尚未能上網,一些負責安全的高級船員未能及時上網獲取相關的”物理化學”知識與案例中的經驗,上網不僅僅是與家人朋友聊天,及時獲取每一航次中的”安全資訊”,更是在職教育中的”及時雨”
装運煤炭警示
Warning Signs for Coal Loading and Carriage
煤炭特性 NATURE OF COAL:
1. 煤炭易揮發甲烷氣體,該氣體無味,比空氣輕且易燃易爆
Coal may emit Methane Gas which is an odorless, flammable and explosive gas
2. 煤炭易揮發有毒易燃一氧化碳氣体
Coal may produce toxic and flammable Carbon Monoxide gas
3. 煤炭容易自热而導致自燃
Coal may be liable to self-heating which will lead to SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION
4. 煤炭易氧化而導致货艙或者毗鄰艙室缺氧
Coal may be subject to oxidation which will lead to depletion of oxygen gas in cargo holds and adjacent compartments
5. 有些煤炭和水反應產生可以腐蚀金属结構的酸,及有毒或者易燃氣体
Some coal may be liable to react with water and produce acids which may cause corrosion to metal structure, and toxic and flammable gas
预防措施 Preventive and Precautionary Measures:
1. 除了指定的吸烟區域, 船上的任何地方不准吸烟
NO SMOKING is allowed on board EXCEPT designated areas
2. 甲板區域禁止明火/热工(电/氣焊)
No naked flames on deck and No Hot Work (electrical / gas wielding) on deck
3. 未经船長许可,禁止開關艙蓋
No cargo hold open / close without master’s permission
4. 除非紧急情况,任何人不得進入货艙
Unless emergency situation, no one is allowed in cargo hold(s)
5. 甲板上禁止敲锈作業
NO Chipping operation on deck
6. 在卸貨港口, 大副應與工頭協調並確保任何人員進入貨艙前,貨艙沒有有毒/易燃易爆氣體
At discharge port, Chief Officer is to coordinate with foreman, and ensure all cargo holds are free of toxic / flammable/explosive gas before any person entering the cargo hold.
本警示應張貼在駕駛台,機艙控制室,船舶辦公室及每個艙蓋的四角。
This warning sign is to be posted in Bridge, ECR, Ship’s Office, All corners of cargo holds.
9) 除非緊急情況, 任何人不得進入裝有煤炭的貨艙。
10) 任何人員進入毗鄰貨艙的艙室時(比如進入BOSUN STORE時),應嚴格遵守密閉空間的要求及防火防爆要求。 2017年,一懸掛馬紹爾旗幟船舶在船員裝運煤炭時打開BOSUN STORE的門時發生爆炸,導致人死亡2人嚴重燒傷的重大事故, 其原因就是第一貨艙的前部下艙道門蓋在BOSUN STORE中,而船員在完貨後沒有關閉該道門蓋導致大量爆炸氣體積聚。具體請參考如下馬紹爾旗通函MSA16/2017
11) 大副應密切觀察貨物的情況,如貨物在航行期間的性狀與貨物申報單所述不同,船長應立即通過船東和/或租家向托運人報告這種差異。
12) 大副應與輪機長密切協調, 確保油艙盡量不加溫,不得不加溫時應不能過高;特別是靠近機艙的雙層底油艙。
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過12萬的網紅一二三渡辺,也在其Youtube影片中提到,大好きなバイクはカワサキのZR-7S タンブリーニさんのご友人です、 また遊びに来て下さいね、 Simple, dynamic form. It has high reliability, and four valve in-line engines of four air cooling s...
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carbon monoxide structure 在 一二三渡辺 Youtube 的精選貼文
大好きなバイクはカワサキのZR-7S
タンブリーニさんのご友人です、
また遊びに来て下さいね、
Simple, dynamic form. It has high reliability, and four valve in-line engines of four air cooling strokes DOHC2 from low inside velocity equipped with KLEEN that demonstrates a rich torque. And, half Cowling of the frame mount that improved the comfort was installed in the body that boasted of a high perfection as 750 sports such as suspensions with an adaptation high as for the sports running "ZR-7S".
The long-distance race line like a seat etc. that excel in the mass fuel tank and the livability of 22L and are large-scale is considered. The depth of the bosom that answers various usages is had from commuting and going to school to a long touring.
POWER UNIT
One ideal type and ZR? of upper middle loading sports that Kawasaki thinks aboutThe engine installed in 7S is ZR750CE of four two air cooling valve DOHC parallel cylinders. Ripening is done repeatedly, and the power unit of the tradition to boast of high reliability. When Ushiki will be adopted soon, a mechanical loss is decreased, and it rotates high as the cam depresses the valve lifter directly, a high follow is demonstrated. A compact layout has been achieved by shortening the back and forth length by using Haibochan for the first deceleration, and assuming a short stroke of boa 66.0mmx stroke 54.0mm. The first Tenshonar is installed in the deceleration chain, and, in addition, quietness has been improved. The carburetor is ..CVK32.. ..four ream.. ..taking off.. .. An excellent response has been acquired by installing K・TRIC(Kawasaki Throttle Responsive Ignition Control) that also operates open times of the throttle and the engine rotational speeds in addition to a basic performance that demonstrates a high follow also by the throttle ..rough.. operation and always sets the best ignition timing in all the rotation regions from low inside rotation region to Rebrimit. The transmission is five velocity mission that makes the best use of a wide power band. The positive neutral finder that reduced time when it looked for the neutral when it answered the sports riding by setting 2.3 four-speed to the crossing feeling, and it stopped also installed it. The shift touch has been improved by taking Imborutosprain that smoothly does the slide of the mission gear. The exhaust pipe and the silencer are 4into1 types made of all stainless steels excellent in the pulsation effect. A powerful exhaust note when it is quiet is achieved while drawing out power to its maximum. In addition, KCA(KawasakiCleanAir) that greatly decreases the number of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) by introducing a new nature directly from the air cleaner into the exhaust port, and reburning exhaust gas is installed for the first time as a domestic model, and it is assumed the engine that considers the environment. ZR-7S of the model was suited to the noise regulation by internal and the structure changing about the silencer and changing the shape of the air cleaner case in 2001 in 2003.
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carbon monoxide structure 在 Carbon monoxide | CO - PubChem 的相關結果
Carbon monoxide | CO | CID 281 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, ... ... <看更多>
carbon monoxide structure 在 Carbon Monoxide - Structure, Properties, Production and Uses 的相關結果
Structure of Carbon Monoxide or CO ... : C ☰ O : One molecule of carbon monoxide consists of one carbon and one oxygen atom which are joined by two pi bonds and ... ... <看更多>
carbon monoxide structure 在 Carbon monoxide - Wikipedia 的相關結果
Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, flammable gas that is slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide consists of ... ... <看更多>