Facebook announces steps to clamp down on misinformation ahead of 2020 election
防假新聞操縱二○二○年大選 FB宣布反制措施
Facebook has announced steps to combat misinformation and voter suppression ( ) ahead of ( ) the November 2020 US presidential election, on the same day it disclosed ( ) the removal of a network of Russian accounts targeting US voters on Instagram.
美國二○二○年總統大選將自十一月起跑，Facebook趕在選前宣布相關措施，以打擊假消息和選民壓制，並在同日宣布刪除在Instagram上針對美國選民的俄羅斯帳號。
Facebook said on Oct. 21 it would increase transparency ( ) through measures such as showing more information about the confirmed owner of a Facebook page and more prominently ( ) labeling content that independent fact-checkers have marked as false.
Facebook於十月二十一日表示，將採取措施提高其網站的透明度，例如顯示Facebook專頁之已驗證擁有者的更多資訊，對於被獨立事實查核人員判定為假新聞的訊息，則會用更顯著的方式標記出來。
The social media giant has come under fire ( ) in recent weeks over its policy of exempting ( ) ads run by politicians from fact-checking, drawing ire ( ) from Democratic presidential candidates Joe Biden and Elizabeth Warren.
Facebook這社群媒體巨頭近幾週來飽受抨擊，因為政治人物在該網站投放的廣告可以免受事實查核，這也激怒了民主黨總統候選人Joe Biden和Elizabeth Warren。
Two weeks ago, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg defended the policy, saying social media had introduced transformative avenues ( ) for speech that should not be shut down.
二週前，Facebook執行長Mark Zuckerberg為此規定辯解，稱社群媒體提供了變通的言論場域，不應關閉。
That same day, the Biden campaign called for the removal of an ad run by a super PAC campaign group that it said contained ( ) false claims about the former vice president.
Biden競選團隊於同日呼籲刪除由超級政治行動委員會競選團體所投放的廣告，指該廣告有對Biden這前副總統的不實說法。
Katie Harbath, Facebook’s head of global elections policy, said in response ( ) that if the now inactive ad ran again, it would be sent to Facebook’s third-party fact-checkers.
Facebook全球選舉相關政策主管凱蒂‧哈巴斯回應說，如果已靜止的廣告現又再次啟動，就會被發送給Facebook的第三方事實查核人員。
On Oct. 21, Facebook said would be putting into effect ( ) its planned ban on paid ads that tell people in the US not to vote. Zuckerberg told reporters on a conference call that the ban on voter misinformation would also apply to ads run by politicians.
Facebook在十月二十一日表示，將禁止要美國民眾別投票的付費廣告。Zuckerberg在視訊會議中向記者表示，對選民假消息的禁令也將適用於政治人物投放的廣告。
The company will start labeling ( ) state-controlled media on its page and in the site’s ad library. In a blog post, Facebook said it planned to expand this labeling to specific posts on both Facebook and Instagram early next year.
該公司將開始在Facebook頁面和網站廣告庫中，標記出由國家控制的媒體。Facebook在部落格中表示，計劃在明年初將此標記方式擴及Facebook和Instagram上的特定貼文。
Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, the video-streaming ( ) service of Alphabet’s Google, all recently came under scrutiny ( ) after showing ads from Chinese state-controlled media that criticized Hong Kong protesters.
Facebook、Twitter和YouTube，以及Alphabet公司旗下的Google影音串流服務，最近都因發布中國官媒批評香港抗議者之廣告而受到檢視。
This month, the Senate committee investigating Russian interference in the 2016 US election said that the Kremlin’s best-known propaganda ( ) arm increased its social media activity after that vote. “The bottom line ( ) here is that elections have changed significantly ( ) since 2016 and Facebook has changed too,” Zuckerberg said on Oct. 21.
調查俄羅斯干預二○一六年美國大選的參議院委員會於本月表示，克里姆林宮最著名的政治宣傳部門，在該選舉後增加了在社群媒體上的活動。「總之，自二○一六年以來，選舉發生了重大變化，Facebook也發生了變化」，Zuckerberg十月二十一日表示。
“We face increasingly sophisticated ( ) attacks from nation states like Russia, Iran and China, but I’m confident we’re more prepared.”
Zuckerberg提到，「我們面臨來自俄羅斯、伊朗和中國等民族主義國家日益複雜精密的襲擊，但我相信我們已做好了充分的準備。」
Theories that China has interfered ( ) in US elections are absurd ( ) and laughable, said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying at a regular press briefing in Beijing on Oct. 22. If someone says China interfered in the US election, they should provide proof, said Hua. China has never had any interest in interfering with other countries’ internal affairs, she said.
中國外交部發言人華春瑩十月二十二日在北京舉行的例行記者會上說，有關中國干預美國大選的說法是荒謬可笑的。華春瑩說，如果有人說中國干涉了美國大選，應該要提供證據。她說，中國對干涉他國內政從來沒有任何興趣。
Moscow and Tehran have also repeatedly denied the allegations ( ).
莫斯科和德黑蘭也一再否認這一指控。
Facebook will introduce a new US presidential candidate spend tracker ( ) to show how much they have spent on political ads as part of the company’s efforts to make its ad library easier to use, Zuckerberg said.
Zuckerberg說，Facebook將新推出美國總統候選人支出追蹤器，以顯示候選人在政治廣告上的支出，因該公司努力使其廣告庫更便於使用。
The company plans to heighten protection of the Facebook and Instagram accounts of candidates, elected officials and their teams through a program called Facebook Protect. Participants ( ) in the program will be required to turn on two-factor authentication and their accounts will be monitored ( ) for signs of hacking.
該公司計劃通透過名為「Facebook Protect」的計畫來加強對候選人、民選官員及其團隊的Facebook和 Instagram 帳號的保護。「Facebook Protect」用戶須通過兩階段身份驗證，Facebook會監控其帳戶是否有遭駭客入侵之跡象。
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