TỪ VỰNG IELTS CHỦ ĐỀ ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
- help eradicate war, disease & poverty: giúp xóa bỏ chiến tranh, bệnh tật và nghèo đói
- help us make better diagnoses: giúp chúng ta chẩn đoán tốt hơn
- find new ways to cure cancer: tìm cách mới để chữa ung thư
- be a huge benefit to society: là một lợi ích to lớn cho xã hội
- enhance our efficiency: nâng cao hiệu quả làm việc của chúng ta
- do tedious tasks → allow us to do the more interpersonal and creative aspect of work: thực hiện các nhiệm vụ tẻ nhạt → cho phép chúng ta thực hiện công việc thuộc các khía cạnh cá nhân và sáng tạo hơn
- mundane tasks (answering emails) → will be done by intelligent assistants: những nhiệm vụ nhàm chán, mang tính lặp đi lặp lại (trả lời email) → sẽ được thực hiện bởi các trợ lý thông minh
- smart homes → reduce energy usage + provide better security: nhà thông minh → giảm sử dụng năng lượng + cung cấp bảo mật tốt hơn
- get better health care: có được chăm sóc sức khỏe tốt hơn
- be capable of performing tasks → would once have required intensive human labour: có khả năng thực hiện các nhiệm vụ → đã từng đòi hỏi nhiều sức người
- perform complex functions (facial recognition): thực hiện các chức năng phức tạp (nhận dạng khuôn mặt)
- perform intensive human labour & backbreaking tasks: thực hiện công việc chuyên sâu của con người và các công việc nặng nhọc
- reduce the workload of humans: giảm khối lượng công việc của con người
- make more precise predictions about extreme events: đưa ra dự đoán chính xác hơn về các sự kiện khắc nghiệt
- observe & analyse increasing complex climate data: quan sát và phân tích dữ liệu khí hậu ngày càng phức tạp
- have an increased understanding of the effects and reasons for climate change: hiểu biết nhiều hơn về tác động và lý do của biến đổi khí hậu
- cause great harm: gây tác hại lớn
- become a threat to human survival: trở thành mối đe dọa cho sự sống còn của con người
- unlikely to exhibit human emotions (love or hate): không thể biểu lộ cảm xúc của con người (yêu hay ghét)
- might become a risk: có thể trở thành một sự rủi ro
- be programmed to do s.th devastating: được lập trình để làm những công việc mang tính tàn phá
- autonomous weapons → are programmed to kill: vũ khí tự trị → được lập trình để tiêu diệt
- in the hands of … → cause mass casualties: vào tay của … → gây thương vong hàng loạt
- an AI arms race/ an AI war: một cuộc chạy đua vũ trang AI/ một cuộc chiến AI
- have the potential to become more intelligent than any human: có tiềm năng trở nên thông minh hơn bất kỳ con người nào
- have no surefire way of predicting how it will behave: không có cách nào chắc chắn để dự đoán nó sẽ hành xử như thế nào
- be a threat to our existence: là mối đe dọa cho sự tồn tại của chúng ta
- result in massive harm: dẫn đến tác hại lớn
- get hacked: bị hack
- track and analyse an individual’s every move online: theo dõi và phân tích mọi hành động của một cá nhân trên mạng
- be used for dangerous & malicious purposes: bị sử dụng cho mục đích nguy hiểm và độc hại
- create untended & unforeseen consequences: tạo ra những hậu quả không lường trước được
- be the end of humanity: là sự kết thúc của nhân loại
- take over the planet completely & permanently: chiếm đoạt hành tinh hoàn toàn & vĩnh viễn
- be abused by terrorist groups: bị lạm dụng bởi các nhóm khủng bố
- the misuse of AI: sự lạm dụng AI
https://ielts-nguyenhuyen.com/tu-vung-ielts-chu-de-artificial-intelligence/
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Reinventing Workers for the Post-COVID Economy
The nation’s economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic will hinge ( ) to some extent ( ) on how quickly show managers can become electricians ( ), whether taxi drivers can become plumbers ( ), and how many cooks can manage software for a bank.
This is likely to prove especially problematic for millions of low-paid workers in service industries like retailing ( ), hospitality ( ), building maintenance and transportation, which may be permanently impaired ( ) or fundamentally transformed. What will janitors ( ) do if fewer people work in offices? What will waiters do if the urban restaurant ecosystem never recovers its density ( )?
Their prognosis ( ) is bleak ( ). Marcela Escobari, an economist at the Brookings Institution, warns that even if the economy adds jobs as the coronavirus risk fades ( ), “the rebound won’t help the people that have been hurt the most.”
Looking back over 16 years of data, Escobari finds that workers in the occupations ( ) most heavily hit since the spring will have a difficult time reinventing themselves. Taxi drivers, dancers and front-desk clerks have poor track records moving to jobs as, say, registered nurses, pipe layers or instrumentation technicians.
COVID is abruptly ( ) taking out a swath ( ) of jobs that were thought to be comparatively ( ) resilient ( ), in services that require personal contact with customers. And the jolt ( ) has landed squarely on workers with little or no education beyond high school, toiling ( ) in the low-wage service economy.
“The damage to the economy and particularly to workers will probably be longer lasting than we think it is going to be,” said Peter Beard, senior vice president at the Greater Houston Partnership, an economic development group.
What’s more, he said, COVID will intensify underlying ( ) dynamics ( ) that were already transforming ( ) the workplace. Automation ( ), for one, will most likely accelerate ( ) as employers seek to protect their businesses from future pandemics
The challenge is not insurmountable ( ). Yet despite scattered ( ) success stories, moving millions of workers into new occupations remains an enormous ( ) challenge.
“We need a New Deal ( ) for skills,” said Amit Sevak, president of Revature, a company that hires workers, trains them to use digital tools and helps place them in jobs. “President Roosevelt deployed ( ) the massive number of workers unemployed in the Great Depression on projects that created many of the dams ( ) and roads and bridges we have. We need something like that.”
勞工轉型以因應後疫情時代經濟
美國經濟能否從新型冠狀病毒影響下復甦,將在一定程度上取決於表演經理們要多久才能變成電工,計程車司機能否化身為水管工,以及有多少廚師能替銀行管理軟體。
這對零售業、餐旅業、建築維修和運輸業等服務業數百萬低薪工人來說,問題恐怕特別大。這些行業可能受到永久性損害或發生根本性改變。若辦公室裡人變少了,工友要做什麼呢?若都市餐廳生態系統繁盛不再,服務生又該如何?
他們的前景是黯淡的。布魯金斯學會經濟學家Marcela Escobari警告說,即使就業機會隨新型冠狀病毒疫情風險消退而增加,「經濟反彈也幫不了那些受創最重的人」。
Escobari檢視16年來的數據發現,今春以來受衝擊最大的一些職業,勞工將很難自我改造。計程車司機、舞者和櫃檯人員轉行從事護理師、舖管工或儀器技工等工作者十分有限。
新型冠狀病毒突然帶走了一大批原本被認為較不容易永久消失的工作,即需與客戶面對面接觸的服務工作。這一衝擊直接打擊到那些僅受過高中教育、在低薪服務經濟區塊中掙扎的勞工。
經濟發展組織大休士頓商會資深副總裁Peter Beard表示:「經濟、尤其是勞工們受害的時間,可能比我們預期的還要更長。」
他說,更重要的是,新型冠狀病毒疫情將強化已經在改變職場的潛在動力,自動化即為一例,由於雇主力求讓自己的企業未來不受大疫情影響,自動化極可能加速。
這項挑戰並非不能克服。然而,儘管有少數成功的例子,讓數百萬勞工轉業仍是巨大的挑戰。
雇用勞工後培訓他們使用數位工具,並幫他們找到工作的Revature公司總裁Amit Sevak說:「我們需要一項針對職業技能的新政。小羅斯福總統大蕭條時期把大量失業勞工投入工程計畫,興建了我們現在使用的水壩、道路與橋樑。我們需要這樣的東西。」
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【聊聊Epic Games vs Apple:蘋果須開放外部支付的可能影響】
這幾天轟動遊戲產業最大的事情,不外乎Epic Games與蘋果的世紀之戰判決終於出爐。法官在週五做出裁決,儘管蘋果贏得 10 項主張中的 9 項,但最重要的一條如下:
"....("Apple") are hereby permanently restrained and enjoined from prohibiting developers from including in their apps and their metadata buttons, external links, or other calls to action that direct customers to purchasing mechanisms, in addition to In-App Purchasing and communicating with customers through points of contact obtained voluntarily from customers through account registration within the app."
簡單來說,如果此法令確定生效且普及到雙平台,以後開發者與發行商就可以在手機遊戲中放入任何的支付選項與方式。
以下來聊聊這條法令對於各方的影響:
●對於Apple與Google雙平台
首先來聊聊事主蘋果。據報導,App Store 2020年總銷售額為640億美元,粗估帶來營收接近200億,這些收入主要來自不到 10% 的 App Store 客戶。接著來看Google Play,2019年的成交收入為112億美元,粗估帶來40億不到收入(2020應用商店收入目前查無資料),
整體營收來看,應用商店佔蘋果總收入佔比不到10%,但Google更少,可能連5%都不到。但對兩者來說,應用商店在戰略上都有重要地位。蘋果商店對於服務收入的增長,未來軟硬整合都有幫助;Google商店則能讓更多廠商投注影音線上廣告。
對兩者來說,保持對應用商店的掌控力,策略上還是重要的。
要維持平台廠商的控制力,除了金流以外能掌控的就是曝光,用控制流量的方式驅動廠商將利益留在應用商店。蘋果如果要維持金流上的控制,也許會重新恢復並擴大暢銷榜的版面,提高名次所帶來的自然流量;或是優先給予收入貢獻較高的廠商曝光版位。
不過以上這些,都跟現有的蘋果商店風格完全相反,坦白說我暫時想不出更好拿回金流主導權的方式。有人認為蘋果可能會收上架費的方式來補收入,但那是針對長尾品項的作法,不適合營收集中在頭部產品的平台。當王者榮耀一個月收入一億美元的話,蘋果怎麼可能收3000萬美元的上架費?
回頭看看Google,即使未來需要遵循法令開放金流,其能控制流量的方式比蘋果多太多了。因為蘋果只能在App端控制,而Google控制流量的方式是擴及整個廣告生態系統,從Youtube、網頁廣告到遊戲內廣告都有。廠商多出來的利潤,最終還是會投入在廣告上以追求更高的成長,而目前線上廣告兩大巨頭就是Google和臉書。
簡單來說,遊戲商節省下來的「谷歌稅」,很大機率會以另一種形式被Google重新收回,甚至連對面的「蘋果稅」,也可能輾轉進入其口袋中。
對蘋果來說,最大的問題在於不管是雲端遊戲、元宇宙、遊戲跨平台、虛擬貨幣等趨勢,都是驅動產業往更開放多變的方向走,這和蘋果一直以來的封閉系統價值觀背道而馳。因此,當被外力強力打開時,系統能彈性應對的空間就較少;而Google則已經在整個線上產業鏈中,以開放方式埋下無所不在的影響力。譬如在許多國家Google Play商店早就納入了當地的支付方式,這也將使得其未來面對類似訴訟時有更好立場去面對。(當然,其戰場主要在廣告壟斷的指控上)
●對於遊戲廠商來說
直覺上的確是正面的。原本要支付給雙平台的30%稅,轉變為其他支付方式後,至少增加了10~15%的利潤。甚至,對有些中國廠商來說,由於微信支付寶手續費不到1%,切支付利潤差距極大,也是早年很多傳奇類遊戲商樂此不疲的黑暗兵法。
除此之外,我覺得影響最大會是像Roblox,以及懷抱著Metaverse幻想,需要依附雙平台上進行導流的廠商。短期之內對大家都是好事,畢竟利潤結構發生了根本性的改變。對於以固定價格為收入的遊戲,譬如Battle Pass、月費、一次買斷的遊戲來說,影響是最大的,畢竟原本的價格也不好改變,但成本發了變化。
然而,對於免費商城制的遊戲來說,廠商早就透過機率、禮包、儲值活動將成本轉嫁給鯨魚用戶了,這些大戶對於10~15%的價格彈性不高,驅動付費的還是遊戲機制所塑造誘因、競爭、或各種"真香"所帶來的衝動。所以,也不用期待這些遊戲會因此把利潤回饋給玩家。
長線來說,市場的超額利潤一定會往其他地方投資,最直觀的方向還是廣告。很多遊戲公司,都會設定一定回收周期下,盡量買量擴大玩家基數與營收,所以各家廣告平台,我認為長線絕對會是明確的受益者。
●對於政府來說
如果雙平台不能控制金流走向,那Apple Store與Google Play將只會是一個入口,各個應用可以正大光明自建金流體系,用更便捷的方式使用其他金流、虛擬貨幣、甚至.......洗錢。雙平台已經沒有金流掌控權,是否仍有監督金流走向維護法律與消費者權益的責任在,將會是後續值得討論的議題。
況且,對於很多國家來說,雙平台其實提早幫政府處理了各種問題與收稅。打個比方,天堂手遊在歐洲賺到的錢,平台通常會先扣除相對應的稅給政府後,再將收入提交給韓國原廠,歐洲政府就不用盯著每家遊戲的金流收入而收不到稅。但隨著支付管道的多樣化,未來這方面的處理將複雜許多,消費者碰到詐騙時如何處理,平台該怎麼面對外圍金流所衍伸的糾紛,這都會是後續值得觀察的問題。
總結一句話,不管這項法令最終是否能實行,Epic Games這一衝撞,真的是打破了許多遊戲產業既有的認知,加速了更多的發展與變遷。
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https://kotaku.com/sony-report-says-uncharted-4-is-coming-to-pc-1846978751
Horizon Forbidden West ปล่อยตัวอย่างเกมเพลย์เต็มๆ 14 นาที - 27 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://www.polygon.com/22301722/horizon-forbidden-west-gameplay-video-ps5-ps4
https://kotaku.com/heres-14-minutes-of-horizon-forbidden-west-running-on-p-1846986831
Battlefield ภาคใหม่จะเปิดตัวอย่างเป็นทางการวันที่ 9 มิถุนายน - 1 มิถุนายน 2021
https://www.pcgamer.com/battlefield-6-reveal-june-9
EA ประกาศทำ Crysis Trilogy Remastered สำหรับ PC และคอนโซล - 1 มิถุนายน 2021
https://www.polygon.com/22463357/crysis-remastered-trilogy-release-date
EA จะดึง Need for Speed ภาคเก่าๆออกจากหน้าร้านค้าออนไลน์ - 1 มิถุนายน 2021
https://www.gamesradar.com/uk/five-classic-need-for-speed-games-have-been-permanently-delisted
https://www.reddit.com/r/needforspeed/comments/np6uig/sun_is_setting_on_some_older_nfs_titles_its_not
Dying Light 2 ปล่อยตัวอย่างใหม่ พร้อมประกาศวันวางจำหน่าย - 27 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://kotaku.com/dying-light-2-gets-a-december-release-date-1846985593
https://www.gamesradar.com/uk/dying-light-2-release-date-2021
Far Cry 6 ปล่อยตัวอย่างใหม่ โชว์ระบบเกมเพลย์ - 29 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://www.pcgamer.com/far-cry-6-trailer-features-a-lethal-compact-disc-launcher-that-blares-macarena
Watch Dogs: Legion ปล่อยอัพเดตใหม่ เป็นโหมดยิงซอมบี้? - 1 มิถุนายน 2021
https://kotaku.com/watch-dogs-legion-gets-a-surprise-free-zombie-mode-of-1847007735
Dead by Daylight โชว์ตัวละคร DLC ใหม่จากซีรี่ย์ Resident Evil - 26 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://wccftech.com/dead-by-daylight-resident-evil-dlc-unveiled-adds-nemesis-leon-and-jill
Monster Hunter Rise ปล่อยอัพเดต 3.0 พร้อมฉากจบใหม่ - 26 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://wccftech.com/monster-hunter-rise-3-0-update-new-ending-roadmap
Sonic ภาคใหม่จะใช่ชื่อว่า Rangers วางจำหน่ายปี 2022 - 28 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://wccftech.com/sonic-rangers-is-the-name-of-the-upcoming-sonic-team-game
Square Enix ประกาศ Dragon Quest 12 และ Dragon Quest 3 remake - 27 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://www.polygon.com/22456431/dragon-quest-12-announced-dq3-remake-treasures-keshi
Valorant ฉลองครบรอบ 1 ปีและผู้เล่นทะลุ 14 ล้านคน โดยการประกาศเวอร์ชั่นมือถือ - 2 มิถุนายน 2021
https://kotaku.com/one-year-and-14-million-active-players-later-valorant-1847015182
No Man's Sky ได้รับการอัพเดตกราฟิกและระบบใหม่ - 2 มิถุนายน 2021
https://kotaku.com/no-mans-sky-gets-a-massive-visual-overhaul-1847014883
Bandai Namco ประกาศโปรเจคใหม่เกี่ยวกับเกม Gundam SEED - 28 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://www.gamingdose.com/news/bandai-namco-%e0%b8%9b%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b0%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a8%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9b%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%a1%e0%b9%83%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%82%e0%b8%9b/
งาน BlizzCon ประจำปี 2021 ประกาศยกเลิกเพราะไวรัส - 28 พฤษภาคม 2021
https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/26/22455077/blizzcon-canceled-global-event-blizzconline-blizzard
permanently 在 Winter Chee Youtube 的最佳解答
Hey loves,
Acne is a tough battle and whoever who's battling it like me, you are owning it like a boss and my wish for you is to see the light in having clearer skin! Agnes Acne treatment is an amazing permanent solution to combat acne breakouts as it kills the oil-producing pore to prevent future inflammation. If you are interested, you can find out more about it here: https://cliffordclinic.com/skin/agnes-long-lasting-cure-acne/
So far, I have completed 2 sessions and I still have occasional one or two pimples during the time of the month. However, the angry cysts are no longer haunting me (thank god/touchwood). I still have another 1 to 2 more sessions to go but do note that such treatment is based on how severe your acne is. Just google it up and you can find out more about the experience of others. Love xx
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