關於 present bias ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

「present bias」的推薦目錄：

關於present bias 在 CUP 媒體 Facebook 的精選貼文
關於present bias 在謙預 Qianyu.sg Facebook 的最佳解答
關於present bias 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最讚貼文

關於present bias 在香港花生 Youtube 的最讚貼文
關於present bias 在志祺七七 X 圖文不符 Youtube 的精選貼文

關於present bias 在 eNCAnews - [ICYMI] Is present bias derailing your finances ... 的評價

present bias 在 CUP 媒體 Facebook 的精選貼文

2020-01-04 08:22:40 有 54 人按讚

縱然我們擁有天賦，想像長遠的影響並且計劃將來，思想上卻有種名為「當下偏見（present bias）」的弱點，傾向放棄長遠回報來換取短期得益。例如人們較願意今天就收下 10 元，而非等一週後肯定得到的 12 元；或是每月都把薪水揮霍掉，不願去未雨綢繆。若我們容易忽略自己的未來，就更難去關顧我們的後代。Fisher 指出，這在政治和經濟領域最能體現出來。

詳細全文：
https://goo.gl/f19DsA

延伸專題：
【為何我們的世界，未如科幻電影預期？】
https://goo.gl/yMuJJk
【移民外星，挪亞太空船需要多少人？】
https://goo.gl/EQd7AG
【丹麥窮人如何投票？】
https://goo.gl/hFj3t1

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Tags: present bias

CUP 媒體

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陶傑主理的 *CUP 媒體。精選十條新聞，在這個紛亂的世界，大漩渦的周邊，與你淸醒同行。

present bias 在謙預 Qianyu.sg Facebook 的最佳解答

By 謙預 Qianyu.sg

2019-12-10 08:14:26 有 9 人按讚

【突破命中注定】(English writing below)
Be Smarter Than Your Destiny

每個人都是擁有自己的專屬磁場。

這磁場由我們出生的八字，住的地方風水，個人思想，出生背景和後天的教育、經歷、宗教、文化及社交圈等所組成。

批八字就是去解析這金木水火土的複雜結合體，再運用這份了解去最大化我們的「旺」，及最小化我們的「衰」。

我批八字都是會親自面見客人，因為看到「本尊」，再配合對方的面相（看照騙不夠準）和氣場，分析可以更深入。

一個人的磁場遇到怎樣的人事物，碰到怎樣的金木水火土，便會產生不一樣的化學作用，演化出各式各樣的好運、歹運、旺氣和霉氣。

我們懂我們的八字，就是要掌控一定的主導力，先知先覺，而不是被命運牽著鼻子走。後知後覺，就輸了。

在使自己的人生變得更好的過程裡，忌諱之一的就是生病。

生病會破財，會做不好重要的工作，會影響腦筋的靈活。

有人說：小病是福，大病才是禍。

講是這樣講，一個人如果一直生小病，代表他的身體不堅固。不堅固的身體，是無法攔官攔財攔煞，更會無法照顧好自己的家庭。而如果頻頻生小病的是一個小孩子，必定會帶給父母很多金錢和精神上的煩惱。

批八字時，當這女士告訴我會全家去東京度假時，我就已警惕她。

一個國家有一個國家的磁場。

如果這國家的磁場和我們的磁場起了衝突，就會發生不愉快的事情，比如生病、吵架、被打搶、行李遺失、飛機延誤、嚴重迷路、意外等。

花錢活受罪，何苦呢？

我當時沒有阻止客人去，因為我已算過不會太嚴重。如果是會危害生命或安危的話，就算冒犯了客人，我也會大力阻止。

師父就曾警告過一對夫婦，千萬不要與某對夫婦和孩子一起出國，因為會發生嚴重的交通意外。結果，在師父的施壓下，他們「爽約」，取消了機票和住宿。

當時我還想，哇，師父，有必要這樣嗎？一般的人喜歡玩樂，把和家人朋友出國旅遊看得比天還大。

而且眾生偏向小氣，不輕易覺得自己錯，又容易忘恩負義，無論你是否曾幫過他們，只要您讓他們「不爽」，就算您是對的，他們也會杯葛您，在後面唱衰您。

您這麼堅持，讓人家對您反感，也不見得能度到人啊⋯⋯

師父說，人命關天，眾生愚昧，不這麼做，出事的時候，誰來負責？

結果。

那對夫婦沒有去，本也勸他們的朋友不要去。朋友說沒有去，結果偷偷去了，也真發生了意外⋯⋯

師父說如果他們有去，他們的磁場會加劇這場意外的嚴重性。

（坦白說，會騙你騙到這樣的朋友，本來還想投資做生意的，還是保持一個距離較聰明。）

這事件讓我印象非常深刻。不只是因為師父教我的玄學是那麼的準，而是師父處理這整件事上的智勇。

那種寧願被人討厭和講壞話也要做對事的態度，我服了。👏👏👏

討好客人還是向客人說真話，不是你想像中的那麼簡單。

有的人很敏感，尤其是覺得自己命不如人的人。有的人很脆弱，也有的人有大頭症。有的人自己做錯了，卻覺得不嚴重，所以你越講他，他的反彈就越大，覺得你對他有偏見，你不講他，他的頭永遠塞在雲霧中 - 做他的白日夢。

當然，這也意味著他們永遠只能當命運的傀儡，無法走出更好的一條路來。

感謝這位客人提供的見證，讓更多不了解八字命理的人獲益。

當你能夠把你這八字的知識和佛法修行一起並用時，有一天，你會發現你逐漸從命運的軌道中脫軌，「命中注定」再也不能用在你身上了。

如果想知道你自己是否適合批八字，可觀看我這影片：https://youtu.be/ShkabnUByrY

.......................

Every person has his/her own personalised energy field.

This energy field is made up of various components - our birth Bazi, the Feng Shui of our residence, our thinking, our family background and the later components like education, experience, religion, culture and social circle etc.

A Bazi analysis helps us to understand this complicated hybrid of Metal, Wood, Water, Fire and Earth. With this understanding, we can use the knowledge to maximise our times of prosperity and minimise our periods of bad luck.

My Bazi analysis consultations are always done in person, face-to-face. Because seeing the client in person, my analysis can be more in depth with the face reading (photos aren't reliable nowadays) and the energy field.

Different chemistry reactions arise when the energy field of a person interacts with those of various people, incidents and things. The elemental reactants of Metal, Wood, Water, Fire and Earth present in these energy fields will produce a wide variety of good and bad luck, prosperity auras and misfortune auras.

To comprehend our Bazi is to maintain a certain degree of autonomy over our lives. The foresight and prior awareness save us from being dragged along through Life by Destiny. We would have lost if we only realised things later.

In this long process of bettering our lives, one big taboo is falling sick.

Falling sick means we have to lose some money, we will screw up in important work and affects the agility of our brains.

There's a saying: small sickness is a blessing, while major illness is trouble.

However, no matter how minor the ailment may be, if a person keeps falling sick, it means his/her body is not strong enough. A weak constitution is unable to intercept high ranks in career, wealth and disasters. Poor health also affects your ability to take care of your family.

If the person who always fall sick is a young child, his/her parents will have to handle many financial and mental troubles

During our Bazi analysis consultation, when this client told me she would be holidaying in Tokyo with her family, I had already warned her to be careful.

A country also has its own energy field.

If the country's energy field conflicts with ours, there will be unhappy incidents e.g. falling sick, quarrels, robbery, missing luggage, flight delays, getting seriously lost or accidents.

Why spend our hard-earned money to suffer this way?

I did not stop the client from going ahead with her travels, because my calculations show that it would not be too serious. However, if it's a matter of life & death or personal safety, I would go all out to stop her, even if it means offending her.

Once, Shifu cautioned a married couple not to travel with another married couple and their children, for he predicted that there would be a severe car accident. Under pressure from Shifu, the couple "stood their friends up" and cancelled their tickets and accommodation.

At that time, I thought, wow, Shifu, was it necessary to do that? Most people live to play, and view holidaying with their family and friends more important than Heavens.

And sentient beings are prone to pettiness. They do not admit their wrongs easily and forget your kindness to them readily. No matter how much you have helped them, once you tread on their toes, even if you are right, they would be quick to boycott and bad-mouth you.

When such persistence of yours turns other people off, wouldn't it be contradictory to your efforts of delivering the?

Shifu simply answered me that, human lives are at stake, and sentient beings do not have the foresight to see beyond their life pleasures. If he did not do that, who would be responsible for this when an accident happened?

In the end.

That couple did not go for the trip. They also advised their friends to cancel the holiday plans. The friends said they would not be going too, but they secretly went ahead and an accident indeed happened...

Shifu said if the couple was present, their energy fields would aggravate the severity of the road accident.

(Honestly speaking, it is wiser to keep a distance from such friends who would go to this extent to lie to you. To think the couple had wanted to go into business with these friends.)

This incident left a deep impression on me. Not because Shifu taught me Chinese Metaphysics that can be so precisely accurate, but the courage and wisdom Shifu demonstrated in handling this.

I salute his attitude of persisting to do the right thing, despite getting hated or bad mouthed by others. 👏👏👏

It is never an easy task treading the fine line between pleasing the client and being frank.

Some clients are more sensitive, especially those who felt they are dealt a bad card in life. Some clients are more vulnerable, and some are plain haughty. There are also those who do not think much of their wrongdoings. So the more we correct them, the greater their reactions are, and then they deduce that you hold a bias against them. Yet, if you are not forthright with them, their heads will remain stuck in the misty clouds - daydreaming away.

Of course, this also means they will have to remain as puppets of Destiny, and are unable to walk a better path away from their pre-destined Bazi.

Thank you to this client for this testimonial, for it allows more people to have a deeper understanding of the workings of Bazi analysis.

When you can combine this knowledge of your Bazi with Dharma practices, one day, you will discover that Destiny no longer has its clutches on you.

If you wish to know whether you are suitable for a Bazi analysis, please watch my video here:
👉 https://youtu.be/ShkabnUByrY

Tags: present bias

謙預 Qianyu.sg

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*Add a description with basic info for 謙預一 Qian Yu Yi.

present bias 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最讚貼文

By Eric's English Lounge

2016-11-15 20:00:01 有 113 人按讚

[時事英文新聞] Social Media and the Rise of Radicalism

★★★★★★★★★★★★

社群媒體會導致極端主義的興盛嗎? 社群媒體的發展應該提供大眾更多的平台分享彼此的看法，使社會更加和諧。可是從美國大選卻看出社群媒體使得社會大眾的意見走向分極化，各論壇的發言者也常為了一句話，無止盡的爭吵。這個問題會持續惡化下去嗎? 到底要如何解決?

同學看一下以下的時事英文，更了解這個問題的起因以及解決的方式!

★★★★★★★★★★★★

時事詞彙:

filter bubble 過濾泡泡; 個人化資料過濾
fringe groups 邊緣群體
mass influx of ...的大量湧入
the media 媒體
transnational melting pot 跨國的熔爐
cross-cultural dialog 跨文化的對話
freedom of expression 言論自由
offensive content 攻擊性內容
foment reactionary hatred 煽動反動仇恨
birds of a feather flock together 物以類聚
globalization 全球化
limbo 界外；被遺忘的地方
remove the physical barrier 移除物理障礙; 消除距離的障礙
rising radicalism 崛起的激進主義
serendipitous discovery 意外的獲得
echo chamber 回聲室; 回音室
confirmation bias 確認偏誤
prejudices and views 偏見和看法
algorithm 演算法
all-inclusive 包羅萬象
reinforce ideas 加強想法
a kernel of truth 一點事實
hegemony 領導權,支配權 (a situation in which one state or country controls others)
be threatened by 被…威脅
self-interest 自我利益
self-preservation 自我保護
conservatism 保守主義
isolationism 孤立主義
the tides are turning 潮汐正在轉向
(turn the tide: to cause a reversal in the direction of events)
a turn of events 形勢的變化
an unexpected turn of events 爆冷門
distort our view of society 扭曲了我們對社會的看法
eccentric古怪的, 反常的
out of the norm 不尋常 ; 超過正常的範圍
out of touch with society 與社會脫節
adjust our mindset 調整我們的心態
move forward 向前邁進

★★★★★★★★★★★★

In this fast-paced globalized world (全球化的世界), the social media is responsible for the mass influx of (...的大量湧入) personal opinions online. Nowadays almost everyone has a Facebook or Twitter account. The rise of (...的興起) social media has removed the physical barrier (物理障礙; 消除距離的障礙) between individuals of similar interests and allow them to have a common ground (共同點) for interaction. On the other hand, social media, while making it easier for people to present their opinions, may also encourage rising radicalism (崛起的激進主義). The fact that certain opinions that may be viewed as offensive (冒犯的), for instance, can cause social media to be a source of disputes (爭端的來源). Social media also serves to reinforce confirmation bias (加強確認偏誤). Once you've found your friends on Facebook, they share their news, gossip, and discoveries with you. This can be a source of serendipitous discovery (意外的發現) but it can serve as an echo chamber (回聲室; 回音室), slowly persuading you that everyone views the world the way you do, because the people you know on Facebook share your prejudices and views (偏見和看法). Hence, it should be the aim of social networks such as Facebook to help users broaden their perspectives by listening to a different set of (另外一組; 不同的) views than what they typically encounter in their daily lives.

Audio: https://soundcloud.com/eric-yang-51/social-media

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Sources:
https://theinitium.com/article/20160716-opinion-xian-internet/
http://bigthink.com/ideafeed/social-media-is-turning-us-into-thoughtless-political-extremists
http://www.voanews.com/a/social-media-orlando-shooting/3374048.html
http://edition.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/08/03/zuckerman.facebook.global/

Image source: https://sciolisticramblings.files.wordpress.com/2016/08/echo-chamber-7.jpg?w=584

Tags: present bias

Eric's English Lounge

About author

教科書主編、講師與教育顧問。藉由此平台提供大家豐富的英語學習資源。宗旨與目標：https://bit.ly/2BaENzJ

Empathy. Education. Leadership. Three words that define Eric's English Lounge (EEL) and everything that we do.

present bias 在香港花生 Youtube 的最讚貼文

By 香港花生

2021-05-07 20:52:16 有 1,034 人看過有 46 人喜歡

主持：馬戩佑(Duncan)、Janice
FB專頁：雙腦筋 ādi
IG：doublebrain_adi

實驗論文：https：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5789337/

結論：
//Results support our hypothesis that initial encoding context (whether negative or neutral) can influence later memory for incidental stimuli (the foils). In the framework of our research question, emotional events from the past can taint our perception of the present, making current circumstances more memorable. When we constrain our memory search to information or events encountered within a negative context, or learnt using a negative mode of processing, some memory benefit held by those thoughts may be conferred unto incidental stimuli within our current environment. Of note, this downstream memory bias was significant only in individuals with high levels of trait anxiety. Our findings suggest that anxiety can engender a mode of cognitive processing that taints or colours otherwise neutral information.//

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香港花生

About author

花生當飯食，我地最積極！強勁主持陣容，政經消閒樣樣通！把花生留住，請付費支持：轉賬至滙豐銀行 023-280233-838，抬頭 HONG KONG INTERNET RADIO LIMITED 或PayPal 付費支持：[email protected] 花生網頁: www.hkpeanuts.com FB專頁: https://www.facebook.com/hkpeanuts/

present bias 在志祺七七 X 圖文不符 Youtube 的精選貼文

By 志祺七七 X 圖文不符

2020-11-29 19:00:21 有 87,215 人看過有 2,515 人喜歡

✔︎ 成為七七會員（幫助我們繼續日更，並享有會員專屬福利）：https://bit.ly/3eYdLKp
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（請記得在贊助頁面留下您的email，以便我們寄送發票。若遇到金流問題，麻煩請聯繫：service@simpleinfo.cc）

＃牛奶＃優越感
重點：
00:00 前導
01:39 右翼人士與牛奶的關聯
03:19 能喝牛奶的人種比較優秀？！
04:43 我們原本都有乳糖不耐
05:30 考古研究的證據是？
07:03 牛奶何時成為餐桌常客？
08:39 牛奶普及帶來的各種問題
10:06 我們的觀點
11:03 提問
10:44 結尾

【製作團隊】

｜企劃：蛋糕說話時屑屑請閉嘴
｜腳本：蛋糕說話時屑屑請閉嘴
｜編輯：土龍
｜剪輯後製：Pookie
｜剪輯助理：歆雅、珊珊
｜演出：志祺

——

【本集參考資料】

→人類也會被馴化？從乳糖不耐症，看人類基因的轉變——《祖先的故事》：https://bit.ly/37j9DCu
→牛奶：新納粹的象徵：https://bit.ly/2Vaoaed
→考古探密：奶與蜜： https://bit.ly/39pWxpM
→乳糖不耐症的亞洲人為什麼特別多？從喝牛奶的歷史談起：https://bit.ly/2KQEgrH
→乳糖不耐症怎麼辦？如何改善與治療？專家圖文完整教學：https://bit.ly/2Jj5Ixh
→為何牛奶會讓人「小時好好，長大拉拉」？乳糖不耐和基因調控──《生命如何創新》：https://bit.ly/3ljzsqZ
→德國青銅時代的戰士們，大多乳糖不耐：https://bit.ly/3mjibzQ
→衛生福利部國民健康署：https://bit.ly/2VaoyJH
→Alkon, A. H., & Agyeman, J. (Eds.). (2011). Cultivating food justice: Race, class, and sustainability. MIT press.
→Archaeology: The milk revolution：https://go.nature.com/2JpUwza
→Are the US Dietary Guidelines on Milk Racist?：https://bit.ly/39n41K8
→Bertron, P., Barnard, N. D., & Mills, M. (1999). Racial bias in federal nutrition policy, Part I: The public health implications of variations in lactase persistence. Journal of the National Medical Association, 91(3), 151–157.
→Cohen, M., & Otomo, Y. (Eds.). (2017). Making Milk: The Past, Present and Future of Our Primary Food. Bloomsbury Publishing.
→Doctor Explains Why Pro-Dairy USDA Dietary Guidelines Are Racist：https://bit.ly/3fMvaaz
→Dupuis, E. (2002). Nature's Perfect Food: How Milk Became America's Drink. New York; London: NYU Press. Retrieved November 12, 2020, from：http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qfmj5
→Freeman, A. (2013). The unbearable whiteness of milk: Food oppression and the USDA. UC Irvine L. Rev., 3, 1251.
→Got milk? How lactose tolerance influenced economic development：https://to.pbs.org/36eEAIP
→Got Milk? Neo-Nazi Trolls Sure as Hell Do：https://bit.ly/39sODMB
→Got Nazis? Milk Is New Symbol Of Racial Purity For White Nationalists：https://bit.ly/2JiNigi
→How the alt-right uses milk to promote white supremacy：https://bit.ly/3fKh8Gl
→Is milk healthy? Canada's new food guide says not necessarily：https://bbc.in/3o1aNtc
→McClure SB, Magill C, Podrug E, Moore AMT, Harper TK, Culleton BJ, et al. (2018) Fatty acid specific δ13C values reveal earliest Mediterranean cheese production 7,200 years ago. PLoS ONE 13(9): e0202807. ：https://bit.ly/3q7rPb0
→Milk, a symbol of neo-Nazi hate：https://bit.ly/2J7iNKB
→Miller, Alex. ‘White Power Milk: Art, Or Real, Or Advertising?’ VICE. 1 June 2011.
→Neolithic Europeans were lactose intolerant：https://bit.ly/3lfIHJ5
→No use crying：The ability to digest milk may explain how Europe got rich：https://econ.st/39sOIQp
→Smith, Jack. ‘Milk is the New Creamy Symbol of White Racial Purity in Donald Trump’s America.’ Mic Magazine.
→Stănescu, V. (2018). White Power Milk’: Milk, Dietary Racism, and the ‘Alt-Right. Animal Studies Journal, 7(2), 103-128.
→The Troubling Link Between Milk And Racism：https://bit.ly/39nF1CM
→Valenze, D. (2011). Milk: a local and global history. Yale University Press.
→Why humans have evolved to drink milk：https://bbc.in/39o7ckH
→WHY IS MILK BEING CALLED A WHITE SUPREMACIST SYMBOL?：https://bit.ly/33nN2Uo
→Why White Supremacists Are Chugging Milk (and Why Geneticists Are Alarmed)：https://nyti.ms/3fIt7nT
→Wiley, A. S. (2007). Transforming milk in a global economy. American Anthropologist, 109(4), 666-677.
→Wiley, A. S. (2015). Re-imagining milk: Cultural and biological perspectives. Routledge.

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Hiho 大家好，我是志祺。你現在收看的是志祺七七， 365 天不斷更的時事議題評論型頻道！在這裡，你會看到⋯⋯ ? // 即時議題・堅持每日發片的時事分析 // 遇到各種議題的時候，社會上總是充滿對立。常常不同立場之間，只剩下謾罵，無法互相溝通、討論。志祺七七，剖析不同立場觀點，能讓關心社會上重要議題、擔心立場極化的你，了解不同立場的不同想法。 ? // 多元議題・不同立場都說讚 ? // 人權、同婚、兩岸關係、中美貿易戰、能源議題、政治評論... 志祺七七不畏懼各種敏感議題，全盤呈現多樣化主題與觀點。同時，也獲得不同政治立場的一致好評！成為台灣唯一訪問過蔡英文、郭台銘、韓國瑜、朱立倫等一線政治人物的新世代時事評論員 ✨ 　　＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ?　探索世界・現在就開啟右上角鈴鐺訂閱志祺七七吧　? 　　￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣ ? 如果你想與志祺七七合作，歡迎寫信到：[email protected] 與我們聯繫【關於團隊】 YouTube ｜志祺七七｜是由台灣最強資訊設計團隊「圖文不符」所開發策劃，融鑄多年議題設計經驗，由團隊共同創辦人張志祺作為節目主持人，以時下最熱門的 YouTube 影音頻道形式做呈現。 FaceBook｜圖文不符｜推出台灣第一個製作時事議題懶人包的團隊，被譽為懶人包始祖，在 FB 上創造總瀏覽量超過三千萬人次。現正活躍於台灣在地文化採集與設計轉譯，期望將更多關於台灣、關於生活、關於土地的知識帶給社會大眾，期望透過設計帶來更好的內容環境。定期籌備大型議題策劃，喜歡精緻細膩的設計作品，閱讀台灣之美的你不可錯過。圖文不符 FB 專頁：www.facebook.com/simpleinfo Our Brand｜簡訊設計｜是我們成立的商業設計品牌，橫跨議題—設計—行銷，服務涵蓋社群內容經營、網站設計、動畫設計與整合行銷專案。曾獲 2 座德國紅點 Best of the Best 大獎。合作洽談請至：[email protected] - 贊助志祺七七，讓我們可以走得更久更遠：https://bit.ly/support-shasha77 如有遇到金流問題，麻煩請聯繫：[email protected]

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#1. Present bias - Wikipedia

Present bias is the tendency to rather settle for a smaller present reward than to wait for a larger future reward, in a trade-off situation.

#2. Present bias - BehavioralEconomics.com | The BE Hub

The present bias refers to the tendency of people to give stronger weight to payoffs that are closer to the present time when considering ...

#3. Present bias - Economics Help

Present bias occurs when individuals place a greater value on goods/income achieved in the present moment – rather than receiving the same goods/income in ...

#4. Present Bias | The Econometric Society

Present bias is the inclination to prefer a smaller present reward to a larger later reward, but reversing this preference when both rewards ...

#5. Present bias: Definition and measurement - Archive ouverte HAL

A novel definition of present bias is proposed which takes preferences as primitives. A present biased individual over-weights immediate ...

#6. Present bias and the consequences of instant gratification

The tendency to focus on the here and now and over-value immediate rewards at the expense of long-term intentions and benefits is called present ...

#7. Present Bias: Lessons Learned and To Be Learned - jstor

2 But present bias really took hold in economics following David Laibson's disser- tation (Laibson 1994). The literature has blossomed in the past 20 years.

#8. Present bias and health - NCBI

With present bias, individuals exhibit a high discount rate in the short run but a relatively low discount rate in the long run. So they may ...

#9. Present Bias - Chakraborty - 2021 - Econometrica - Wiley ...

Present bias is the inclination to prefer a smaller present reward to a larger later reward, but reversing this preference when both rewards ...

#10. [comic] Present Bias - Doist Blog

The Present Bias describes our tendency to choose a smaller, immediate reward over a larger reward in the future. Unfortunately, it seems to be an immutable ...

#11. Present-bias, quasi-hyperbolic discounting, and fixed costs

We find that discount rates are high and decline with both delay and amount, as most of the previous literature. We also find clear evidence for present bias.

#12. Association between time preference, present-bias and ...

Time inconsistency produces what is known as a present-biasedness, an apparent dynamic inconsistency between the preferences of the short-term ...

#13. Present Bias by Anujit Chakraborty - SSRN Papers

Present bias is the inclination to prefer a smaller present reward to a larger later reward, but reversing this preference when both rewards ...

#14. Present Bias - American Economic Association

2017年12月31日 — Such a model would be able to represent present-biased preferences without imposing any extraneous behavioral assumption on the decision maker.

#15. Quasi-Hyperbolic Present Bias: A Meta-Analysis - IZA ...

We find that the literature shows that people are on average present biased for both monetary rewards (ß = 0.82, 95% confidence interval of. [0.74, 0.90]) and ...

#16. Present Bias and Underinvestment in Education? Long-Run ...

This paper examines the long-run impacts of income shocks by exploiting variation in coffee cultivation patterns within Colombia and world coffee prices ...

#17. (PDF) Bringing present bias back to the present - ResearchGate

PDF | A focused definition of present bias is proposed which takes preferences as primitives. A present biased individual over-weights immediate costs.

#18. Present bias and financial behavior - DigitalCommons@URI

Previous empirical research has examined potential effects of present bias on financial and other consumer behaviors. Research shows that present biased ...

#19. Is time preference and present bias associated ... - SpringerLink

Results. We show that present bias impacts maintenance but not initiation of physical activity behaviour. The time preference rate impacts ...

#20. Present-bias, procrastination and deadlines in a field ...

Furthermore, while we find that present-bias is widespread in the sample, and present-biased students procrastinate in single task treatments, ...

#21. Present Bias,Econometrica - X-MOL

Present bias is the inclination to prefer a smaller present reward to a larger later reward, but reversing this preference when both rewards ...

#22. Present bias: how to overcome it to pursue your future goals

The present bias, or the hyperbolic discounting, as stated in the article Doing It Now or Later, published by The American Economic Review, ...

#23. Present Bias - IDEAS/RePEc

Present bias is the inclination to prefer a smaller present reward to a larger later reward, but reversing this preference when both rewards are equally ...

#24. Meta-Analysis of Present-Bias Estimation Using Convex ... - OSF

Keywords: present bias, time preferences, structural behavioral economics, meta-analysis, selective reporting.

#25. Present Bias: It's Now or Never - Nova Money

Examples of Present Bias · 1. Not Buying at the best price · 2. Not Saving money for the future · 3. Rushing into an investment decision.

#26. Present Bias Amplifies the Household Balance-Sheet ...

We study the effects of monetary and fiscal policy in a heterogeneous-agent model where households have present-biased time preferences and ...

#27. Present-Biased Preferences and Credit Card ... - EconStor

behavioral economics view that present-biased individuals borrow more. Previous research on present bias and credit card debt used one of two approaches,.

#28. Using Present Bias to Engage Shoppers - Adcock Solutions

Present bias is a cognitive tendency, where people choose smaller, immediate rewards rather than larger, later rewards — and this occurs more ...

#29. Competition Alleviates Present Bias in Task Completion - arXiv

We build upon recent work [Kleinberg and Oren, 2014, Kleinberg et al., 2016, 2017] that considers present biased agents, who place more weight ...

#30. Meta-Analysis of Present-Bias Estimation using Convex Time ...

Abstract. We examine 220 estimates of the present-bias parameter from 28 articles using the Convex Time Budget protocol.

#31. Present Bias Amplifies the Household Balance-Sheet ...

David Laibson, Peter Maxted, and Benjamin Moll. Working Paper. “Present Bias Amplifies the Household Balance-Sheet Channels of Macroeconomic ...

#32. Is Generosity Time-Inconsistent? Present Bias across ...

Structural estimations reveal no individual-level correlation of present bias across contexts. Discounting in social situations thus seems to be ...

#33. Present-Biased Preferences and Credit Card Borrowing

little direct evidence to support the behavioral economics view that present-biased individuals borrow more. Previous research on present bias and credit ...

#34. Present Bias Amplifies the Household ... - Benjamin Moll

We study the effect of monetary and fiscal policy in a heterogeneous-agent model where households have present-biased time preferences and naive beliefs.

#35. Present Bias - What we want now is not what we aspire to in ...

Present Bias. What we want now is not what we aspire to in the future. An online grocery shopping study suggests that as the days go down prior to delivery ...

#36. Present Bias and Collective Dynamic Choice in the Lab

Jackson, Matthew O., and Yariv, Leeat. Replication data for: Present Bias and Collective Dynamic Choice in the Lab. Nashville, TN: American Economic ...

#37. Present Bias | Behavioural Science in Banking | Moneythor

How can financial institutions and banks help customers navigate and avoid present bias? Encourage “future lock-ins”. A great way to discourage ...

#38. present bias 的中文翻釋｜影音字典- VoiceTube 看影片學英語

超過400 萬人愛用的線上英語學習平台！上萬部YouTube 影片教材，搭配中英文翻譯字幕與英漢字典，輕鬆掌握日常對話、瞭解單字的發音與用法。是最適合華人提升英文聽力和 ...

#39. Increasing Users' Cyber-Security Compliance by Reducing ...

Present bias is the tendency to discount future risks and gains in favor of immediate gratifications. Some effective techniques for countering present bias ...

#40. How the present bias influences our personal finances

What is the present bias? How do deals and discounts affect our financial health? Find out below.

#41. Present Bias | Franklin Templeton

Statistics Canada, as of December 31, 2018. 2018 Franklin Templeton Retirement Income Strategies and Expectations (RISE) . Investor Economics (now a division of ...

#42. Care Levels, Settlement Outcomes, and the Sophistication of ...

Moreover, we present results on the effects of present-biased defendants. Importantly, for example, the defendant's present bias can completely offset the ...

#43. Present Bias - Publications - Faculty & Research

Most companies aim for exceptional customer service, but too few are attentive to the subtle discrimination by frontline employees that can alienate ...

#44. present-bias-household-balance-sheet-greg-kaplan.pdf

Q: Why big difference in consumption response with vs without present bias? • A: (i) Consumption: higher average MPC (ii) Refinancing: less frequent adjustment.

#45. Present Bias - Lynn PR

From Pumpkins to Pollution: Present Bias, and why some decisions are so hard to make. We all want a better future, don't we?

#46. Research - Anujit Chakraborty

Present bias is the inclination to prefer a smaller present reward to a larger later reward, but reversing this preference when both rewards are equally delayed ...

#47. Quasi-Hyperbolic Present Bias: A Meta-Analysis - Life Course ...

Quasi-Hyperbolic Present Bias: A Meta-Analysis ... We find that people are, on average, present biased for both monetary rewards and ...

#48. Present biased decision making leads to self control problems

commit future selves. • Credit and smoking papers test two of its plethora of testable implications. Hyperbolic discounting models present bias by.

#49. Present bias - Sketchplanations

Present bias. We have a tendency to think that we'll be able to act differently in the future. So while this lucky chap plans to start his diet tomorrow ...

#50. The Present Bias Booby Trap | Morningstar

The Present Bias Booby Trap ... You're not irrational. Your mental math is skewed. ... Behavioral scientists like to talk about how some human ...

#51. How Soon Is Now? Evidence of Present Bias from Convex ...

Evidence of Present Bias from Convex Time Budget Experiments ... observed intertemporal choices about money have long been thought to exhibit present bias, ...

#52. Behavioral Biases in Finance: How to Avoid Present Bias

Present bias is one of the many cognitive biases in behavioral finance, and is defined as the tendency to overvalue smaller rewards in the ...

#53. Present Bias in Renewable Resources Management Reduces ...

Finally, the results obtained, showing that the present biased preference of a naive agent in the harvesting activity generate a lower welfare ...

#54. Behavioral Economics Guidelines with Applications for Health ...

capitalize on present bias. Alternatively, behavioral interventions often make use of incentives based on lotteries. Consistent with prospect theory, ...

#55. An exploration on the nexus between managers' present bias ...

This study aims to explore the role of top manager's present bias as a main driver of corporate investment. For this purpose, we embed an ...

#56. Deconstructing the Present Bias: Linking Visceral Factors and ...

Visceral factors and concrete mental representation are known to increase the degree of present bias (e.g., hyperbolic discounting).

#57. Slippage in Rebate Programs and Present-Biased Preferences

Present -biased preferences capture the idea that individuals may find immediate payoffs significantly more salient than any future payoffs, ...

#58. Chapter The Price of Uncertainty in Present-Biased Planning

However, designing robust incentives is often difficult due to imperfect knowledge of the parameter β ∈ (0, 1] quantifying a person's present bias.

#59. Present-biased preference and human health behavior

Present biased respondents (α > 0) are identified as naifs if they tended to delay the execution of their plan for the assignment time inconsistently, while ...

#60. Identifying Present Bias from the Timing of Choices - its ...

Through changing the unobservable payoff distribution, we can hence undo a change in the present bias or long-run discount factor of the agent.

#61. Time Preferences & Present Bias, Slide 0 - Pamela Jakiela

Time Preferences & Present Bias, Slide 3. The Intertemporal Choice Problem. Why delay gratification? Why not just maximize today's utility?

#62. Back to the Present Bias - IGI Global

Back to the Present Bias. Orhan Erdem (Rockford University, USA) and Melis Dik (Johns Hopkins University, USA). Source Title ...

#63. Following Through on an Intention to Vote: Present Bias and ...

with present bias are less likely to vote even after expressing pre-election intention to do so. Along with a. formal decision-theoretic model of turnout ...

#64. Present Bias, Procrastination and Task Performance - Keio ...

This paper explores the unproductive procrastination behavior of patent examiners, probes whether such behavior is caused by present-biased ...

#65. CeDEx 2018-02: Present-Biased Generosity - University of ...

In this paper, we provide a systematic analysis of present bias in individual and social contexts, as well as its stability across these two ...

#66. Todoist on Twitter: " The Present Bias: our tendency to give ...

The Present Bias: our tendency to give stronger weight to payoffs that are closer to the present.

#67. Cognitive Bias and Public Health Policy During the COVID-19 ...

A third driver of misguided policy responses is that humans are present biased, ie, people tend to prefer immediate benefits to even larger ...

#68. Present Bias and Everyday Self-Control Failures - University ...

Article: Delaney L & Lades LK (2017) Present Bias and Everyday Self-Control Failures: A Day Reconstruction Study. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, ...

#69. present-bias | Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy

An article by Dean Yang, Xavier Giné, Jessica Goldberg and Dan Silverman, "Revising Commitments: Field Evidence on the Adjustment of Prior Choices," was ...

#70. Incentive Design for Present-Biased Agents - mediaTUM

certain present-bias is unavailable. A fundamental question in this context is whether incentives that are motivating for all present-biases of the set B ...

#71. Are the poor so present-biased? - Institute For Fiscal Studies

Estimates of "present-bias" among the poor may be exaggerated if poor individuals are credit-constrained and expect to have greater ...

#72. Present Focus Bias (or Immediacy Effect) - Wheel of Persuasion

Present Focus Bias. When we consider a choice between two options or rewards, we tend to prefer the readily available one.

#73. Doing It Now or Later - Ted O'Donoghue; Matthew Rabin

small present bias can severely harm only naive people, whereas with immediate ... welfare implications of present-biased prefer-.

#74. The Two Biases That Keep People From Saving Money - The ...

Present bias is a straightforward idea. People claim they're willing to embrace all manners of self-control—saving money, working out, ...

#75. Physical Activity, Present Bias, and Habit Formation - West ...

Acland and Levy (2013) develop a model of gym attendance that includes habit formation, projection bias, and present-biased preferences. 7. Page 9. Assume that ...

#76. Is time preference and present bias associated with the ...

Is time preference and present bias associated with the decision to start, quit or maintain physical activity over time? Barbara Eberth * ( ...

#77. Present-Biased Optimization - Association for the ...

ior of present-biased agents, as far as optimisation tasks are concerned. Introduction. Present bias is the term used in behavioral economics to de-.

#78. Procrastination with Variable Present Bias - Microsoft Research

One well-known model of such behavioral anomalies is present-bias discounting: individuals over-weight present costs by a bias factor.

#79. Can government intervention raise welfare?

... discounted preferences imply that consumers overemphasize immediate current rewards and overlook future ones (they have a 'bias for the present').

#80. Present Bias and Real-life Choices - Netspar

Present Bias and Real-life Choices. Jorgo T.G. Goossens, Marike Knoef and Eduard H.M. Ponds. Tilburg University, Leiden University, Netspar.

#81. Optimal Income Taxation with Present Bias - Benjamin ...

Present bias reduces optimal tax rates, with a larger effect when the elasticity of taxable income is high. Optimal marginal tax rates may be negative at ...

#82. Hyperbolic Discounting: Why You Make Terrible Life Choices

Hyperbolic discounting, also called “present bias,” is a cognitive bias, where people choose smaller, immediate rewards rather than larger, later rewards.

#83. Present bias: The retirement savings paradox

One of the most persistent forms of irrationality is present bias, people's tendency to more heavily weight a moment that is closer to the present. For example, ...

#84. Now or Later? Present-Bias and Time-Inconsistency in ...

usefully be modeled via “present-biased” preferences, on which more below. Future bias would yield quotations you seldom hear: ○ I plan to ...

#85. Why Do We Procrastinate? Present Bias and Optimism

present bias is the sole source of dynamic inconsistency, ... own present-biased discounting, she believes that she will behave more ...

#86. Notes from the AEAs: Present bias 20 years on + Should we ...

Notes from the AEAs: Present bias 20 years on + Should we give up on S.D.s for Effect Size? David McKenzie. | January 05, 2015 ...

#87. Present-Bias and Salience in Discounting Across Short ...

This implies that only the exponential discounting model can provide time consistency. 2.1.2 Hyperbolic Discounting Model and the Present Bias.

#88. Planning Problems for Sophisticated Agents with Present Bias

Present bias, the tendency to weigh costs and benefits incurred in the present too heavily, is one of the most widespread human behavioral ...

#89. 現時偏向型偏好理論- MBA智库百科

現時偏向型偏好理論(Present- biased preference)奧多諾格和拉賓提出的現時偏向型偏好(present- biased preference)理論是試圖通過偏好的變化來解釋成 ...

#90. Present Bias: Focus on the Now but maybe Not Always - The ...

Procrastination is in fact related to a cognitive bias called the present bias. As the name in itself suggests, it is the tendency of humans ...

#91. The Present Bias in Trading - Chasing Returns

In particular, if you have the present bias, you're more likely to take any profit and run, rather than wait patiently for a winning trade to ...

#92. Present bias - Wikiwand

Present bias is the tendency to rather settle for a smaller present reward than to wait for a larger future reward, in a trade-off situation.

#93. 及早堅持存錢事半功倍！ - Smart自學網- 財經好讀- 輕理財

原因之一正來自人類的演化習性：我們比較重視當下就能拿到的獎賞，心理學界稱此為「現時偏誤」（present bias）。如果可以今天就拿到1,000元，就不會 ...

#94. Now or later? Do you suffer from the present bias? - Medium

Because our future selves will eventually be our present selves, all of us would be better off if we didn't fall victim to this bias and make poor decisions as ...

#95. PRESENT BIAS (note - 知乎专栏

Chakraborty, Anujit. "Present Bias." Accepted at Econometrica On Jan 24, 2021 slides: ...

#96. Present bias | 24 PATHWAYS for behaviour change

Present bias. We prefer smaller rewards in the present over larger rewards in the future. Research. An analysis with an online grocer revealed that people ...

#97. eNCAnews - [ICYMI] Is present bias derailing your finances ...

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