「AIT發現好書」系列即將來到尾聲!特別感謝AIT處長酈英傑精心為我們挑選AIT@40「環境生態月」推薦好書:
「第一次讀愛德華.艾比的《沙漠隱士》是在1970年代,當年我還在猶他州念高中;那個時候,在猶他州南部紅岩國度凱佩羅維茲高原,曾有發展計畫,引發許多爭議。艾比在《沙漠隱士》中,生動地描述了他在美國猶他州阿切斯國家公園擔任管理員的經歷,閱讀本書使我對保存猶他州南部和美國其他地區未經人工開發的荒野有了全新的認識,正如艾比所說:「無論我們是否踏過那片土地,我們都需要一片曠野;即使我們永遠不需要去自然保護區,我們仍需要一片淨土。荒野對人類心靈來說不是個奢侈品,而是必需品;荒野就如同水和麵包,對我們的生命至關重要。」幸好,反對發展計畫的環保人士打了勝仗,那片自然土地也得保存,造福後世。」— 處長酈英傑
Special thanks to AIT Director Christensen for selecting the final “Book of the Month”!
"I first read Edward Abbey’s Desert Solitaire the 1970s when I was in high school in Utah. At the time, a controversial development project was being considered on the Kaiparowits Plateau in the middle of Southern Utah’s red rock country. Reading Abbey’s compelling account of his experiences as a ranger in Utah’s Arches National Park, gave me a new appreciation of the need to preserve the unspoiled wilderness of Southern Utah and elsewhere in America. As Abbey put it, “We need wilderness whether or not we ever set foot in it. We need a refuge even though we may never need to go there. Wilderness is not a luxury but a necessity of the human spirit, and as vital to our lives as water and good bread.” Fortunately, the environmentalists who opposed the project prevailed and those natural lands have been preserved for future generations to enjoy. "
同時也有10000部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2,910的網紅コバにゃんチャンネル,也在其Youtube影片中提到,...
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#入境處的決定孤立香港
https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=2016730241773583&id=100003098798613
根據香港入境處的《一般就業政策》,「具備香港特別行政區所需而又缺乏的特別技能、知識或經驗」的申請人,在滿足其他條件(包括其「從事的工作 ... 不能輕易覓得本地人擔任」)後,可申請來港工作。[1]
但好明顯入境處就無睇過Epoch Group Ltd v Director of Immigration [2011] 3 HKLRD H2案。
時任原訟法庭法官張舉能在該案中指出[2],通常用以審批工作簽證的《一般就業政策》並.不.適.用.於[3]有意到訪香港進行短時間表演的演藝團體。
換言之,就這類團體的成員的工作簽證申請而言,他們是否「具備香港所需而又缺乏的特別技能、知識或經驗 (special skills, knowledge or experience of value to and not readily available in Hong Kong)」,或他們的工作能否「輕易覓得本地人擔任 (readily taken up by the local work force)」,已非入境處可以合法地納入的考慮[4],否則香港永遠也有本地人才,根本不可能舉辦任何國際性的文化交流活動[5]。
相反地,入境處在決定是否批准簽證申請時,法律上真正須要考慮並給予極大比重的因素,其實是[6]:
1) 外地團體到香港進行文化或藝術交流活動對社會的重大價值;
2)到訪演藝團體的成員不是長期來港「搶人工作」,而是特地為了參加文化或藝術交流活動,短時間內就會離開香港;
3)入境處尤其必須以「演藝團體是不可分割的個體」為基礎考慮簽證申請,若對個別成員作區別對待,在法律上即屬不合理(外地著名的演藝團體大概也不會願意接受這種只有個別成員獲准出席的無理邀請[7])。
根據入境處的信件,他們決定拒絕簽證申請,是因為認為申請者無法滿足上述已被法庭裁定為不相關的標準,但從無考慮法律上真正有關、並支持批出簽證的因素,即使背後沒有政治動機,亦無疑是行政法意義下一個越權、非法的決定。
[1] 如參見保安局局長於十月二十四日在立法會會議上就梁繼昌議員的提問所作的書面答覆:https://www.info.gov.hk/…/gen…/201810/24/P2018102400453p.htm
[2] 入境處處長當時亦確認他們實際上不會強行應用《一般就業政策》來處理此類簽證申請:參見第45段。
[3] 第42段('ill-suited')。
[4] 參見第43-44、50、52、60、62、68段。
[5] 參見第57段。
[6] 參見第49-50、57、62、64段。
[7] 參見第54段。
原圖來自:HOCC專頁
https://www.facebook.com/…/a.1015339726…/10161314509780230/…
(English version)
Under the Director of immigration's General Employment Policy, '[a]pplicants who possess special skills, knowledge or experience of value to and not readily available in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) may apply to come to work in the HKSAR', if they can satisfy the Direcotor that, amongst other conditions, the job concerned 'cannot be readily taken up by the local work force'.[1]
The Policy's application in the present case, however, is so completely at odds with Epoch Group Ltd v Director of Immigration [2011] 3 HKLRD H2.
There, Andrew Cheung J (as Cheung PJ then was) was clear[2] that the General Employment Policy, as otherwise usually applies to work visa applications, was 'ILL-SUITED to deal with applications for entry by members of a travelling performing group to perform in Hong Kong for a short duration only'[3].
In other words, in respect of applications by members of such a group, the questions whether they 'possess special skills, knowledge or experience of value to and not readily available in Hong Kong', or whether the job or tasks they propose to perform can be 'readily taken up by the local work force', are matters irrelevant to the Director's inquiry [4], for otherwise the happy wealth of local talent could ironically have the absurd effect of preventing the possibility of any international cultural events in the first place[5].
By contrast, in determining whether to allow such an application for a work visa, what the Director must take into account, and give substantial weight to, are the following factors[6]:
1) the unmistakable value of international cultural and artistic exchanges and activities to (the) society (of Hong Kong);
2) members of such a travelling performing group do not seek to remain in Hong Kong permanently, and therefore are unlikely to significantly (if at all) jeopardise the job opportunities of local workers; rather they are seeking entry for the specific purpose of attending international cultural and artistic exchanges and activities, for a short period of time after which they are expected to leave the city;
3) in particular, the Direct must consider the visa applications bearing in mind that a performing group is an inalienable entity, each member being integral to the group; discrimination against individual members is liable to be found unreasonable (and chances are that travelling performing groups of any reputation would not be prepared to accept invitations unreasonably extended only to certain of their members but not the others[7])。
The reason for refusing the visa application, as stated in the Director's letter, is that the applicant did not meet the very irrelevant criteria which, as shown, have been judicially deprecated insofar as they were applied to a travelling performing group, in circumstances indistinguishable from those in the instant case. On the other hand, the Director never gave any consideration at all to the relevant factors (all pointing to a favourable determination of the application) which he, in law, must consider. It follows that, even stripped of its political overtones, the Director's decision is one that is ultra vires and illegal according to the ordinary principles of administrative law.
[1] See eg the written reply by the Secretary for Security in the Legislative Council on 24 October 2018 to the Hon Kenneth Leung: https://www.info.gov.hk/…/gen…/201810/24/P2018102400458.htm…
[2] And the Director of Immigration conceded as much at the time, that it had never been his practice to rigidly apply the Policy to travelling performing groups of this sort: see para 45.
[3] At para 42 (emphasis added).
[4] At paras 43-44、50、52、60、62、68.
[5] See para 57.
[6] See paras 49-50、57、62、64.
[7] See para 54.
account director人工 在 八鄉朱凱廸 Chu Hoi Dick Facebook 的精選貼文
破綻百出.....
根據香港入境處的《一般就業政策》,「具備香港特別行政區所需而又缺乏的特別技能、知識或經驗」的申請人,在滿足其他條件(包括其「從事的工作 ... 不能輕易覓得本地人擔任」)後,可申請來港工作。[1]
但好明顯入境處就無睇過Epoch Group Ltd v Director of Immigration [2011] 3 HKLRD H2案。
時任原訟法庭法官張舉能在該案中指出[2],通常用以審批工作簽證的《一般就業政策》並.不.適.用.於[3]有意到訪香港進行短時間表演的演藝團體。
換言之,就這類團體的成員的工作簽證申請而言,他們是否「具備香港所需而又缺乏的特別技能、知識或經驗 (special skills, knowledge or experience of value to and not readily available in Hong Kong)」,或他們的工作能否「輕易覓得本地人擔任 (readily taken up by the local work force)」,已非入境處可以合法地納入的考慮[4],否則香港永遠也有本地人才,根本不可能舉辦任何國際性的文化交流活動[5]。
相反地,入境處在決定是否批准簽證申請時,法律上真正須要考慮並給予極大比重的因素,其實是[6]:
1) 外地團體到香港進行文化或藝術交流活動對社會的重大價值;
2)到訪演藝團體的成員不是長期來港「搶人工作」,而是特地為了參加文化或藝術交流活動,短時間內就會離開香港;
3)入境處尤其必須以「演藝團體是不可分割的個體」為基礎考慮簽證申請,若對個別成員作區別對待,在法律上即屬不合理(外地著名的演藝團體大概也不會願意接受這種只有個別成員獲准出席的無理邀請[7])。
根據入境處的信件,他們決定拒絕簽證申請,是因為認為申請者無法滿足上述已被法庭裁定為不相關的標準,但從無考慮法律上真正有關、並支持批出簽證的因素,即使背後沒有政治動機,亦無疑是行政法意義下一個越權、非法的決定。
[1] 如參見保安局局長於十月二十四日在立法會會議上就梁繼昌議員的提問所作的書面答覆:https://www.info.gov.hk/…/gen…/201810/24/P2018102400453p.htm
[2] 入境處處長當時亦確認他們實際上不會強行應用《一般就業政策》來處理此類簽證申請:參見第45段。
[3] 第42段('ill-suited')。
[4] 參見第43-44、50、52、60、62、68段。
[5] 參見第57段。
[6] 參見第49-50、57、62、64段。
[7] 參見第54段。
原圖來自:HOCC專頁
https://www.facebook.com/…/a.1015339726…/10161314509780230/…
(English version)
Under the Director of immigration's General Employment Policy, '[a]pplicants who possess special skills, knowledge or experience of value to and not readily available in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) may apply to come to work in the HKSAR', if they can satisfy the Direcotor that, amongst other conditions, the job concerned 'cannot be readily taken up by the local work force'.[1]
The Policy's application in the present case, however, is so completely at odds with Epoch Group Ltd v Director of Immigration [2011] 3 HKLRD H2.
There, Andrew Cheung J (as Cheung PJ then was) was clear[2] that the General Employment Policy, as otherwise usually applies to work visa applications, was 'ILL-SUITED to deal with applications for entry by members of a travelling performing group to perform in Hong Kong for a short duration only'[3].
In other words, in respect of applications by members of such a group, the questions whether they 'possess special skills, knowledge or experience of value to and not readily available in Hong Kong', or whether the job or tasks they propose to perform can be 'readily taken up by the local work force', are matters irrelevant to the Director's inquiry [4], for otherwise the happy wealth of local talent could ironically have the absurd effect of preventing the possibility of any international cultural events in the first place[5].
By contrast, in determining whether to allow such an application for a work visa, what the Director must take into account, and give substantial weight to, are the following factors[6]:
1) the unmistakable value of international cultural and artistic exchanges and activities to (the) society (of Hong Kong);
2) members of such a travelling performing group do not seek to remain in Hong Kong permanently, and therefore are unlikely to significantly (if at all) jeopardise the job opportunities of local workers; rather they are seeking entry for the specific purpose of attending international cultural and artistic exchanges and activities, for a short period of time after which they are expected to leave the city;
3) in particular, the Direct must consider the visa applications bearing in mind that a performing group is an inalienable entity, each member being integral to the group; discrimination against individual members is liable to be found unreasonable (and chances are that travelling performing groups of any reputation would not be prepared to accept invitations unreasonably extended only to certain of their members but not the others[7])。
The reason for refusing the visa application, as stated in the Director's letter, is that the applicant did not meet the very irrelevant criteria which, as shown, have been judicially deprecated insofar as they were applied to a travelling performing group, in circumstances indistinguishable from those in the instant case. On the other hand, the Director never gave any consideration at all to the relevant factors (all pointing to a favourable determination of the application) which he, in law, must consider. It follows that, even stripped of its political overtones, the Director's decision is one that is ultra vires and illegal according to the ordinary principles of administrative law.
[1] See eg the written reply by the Secretary for Security in the Legislative Council on 24 October 2018 to the Hon Kenneth Leung: https://www.info.gov.hk/…/gen…/201810/24/P2018102400458.htm…
[2] And the Director of Immigration conceded as much at the time, that it had never been his practice to rigidly apply the Policy to travelling performing groups of this sort: see para 45.
[3] At para 42 (emphasis added).
[4] At paras 43-44、50、52、60、62、68.
[5] See para 57.
[6] See paras 49-50、57、62、64.
[7] See para 54.
account director人工 在 How Much Money Do Key Account Managers Really Make? 的推薦與評價
AUSTRALIA - KEY ACCOUNT MANAGER SALARY In Australia, the average key account manager earns $90000, which is 1% higher than the average wage ... ... <看更多>