★★☆ Subject-Verb Agreement (大陸稱主謂一致性) by Alex 王梓沅老師 ★★☆
大家國中時都學過, 動詞要不要加s, 是由前面的主詞決定. 上了高中以後, 這樣的觀念, 尤其在寫作文當中, 也是一再被強調 (這個規則雖然因為被認為 "理所當然" 已經不是教學主軸, 但因學生錯誤實在太多, 高中老師必須一再強調). 讓人驚訝的是, 其實一直到TOEFL甚至GRE, GMAT都會持續犯 (commit the error persistently).
因此下面整理了Subject-Verb Agreement的幾個規則, 對大家的英文會友實質的幫助！ 不要認為這個東西只對寫作有幫助, 對這東西有正確的概念也會對讀複雜的句子解析時有幫助喔 :)
1. There be 的 be 是單還是複, 是由後面的主詞決定
Ex: There exists a heated debate over...
(後面是a heated debate, 所以前面 exist要加s)
2. 用 Ving 或是 To V當作主詞時, 後面動詞要加 s (除非有用 and 聯繫兩件事)
Ex: Playing video games is fun. (別被games唬)
3. One of...的後面動詞要加s; three of, five of...當然不用
Ex: One of my friends likes to go jogging in the morning.
(別被 friends唬)
4. 記得關代後的動詞要不要s是前面主詞決定
Ex: It is Peter that likes to go jogging in the morning.
5. half of, plenty of, part of + 主詞 --> 後面的動詞是由主詞的countability 所決定
Plenty of information has been provided for us.
(information恆常不可數, 要數請用 a piece of)
6.
1+1等於二: 在 Both A and B的狀況
Ex: Both Tina and I like to go shopping.
1+1不等於二: as well as, together with, besides, rather than
Ex: John, rather than Peter, loves sweets.
7. 遠親不如近鄰
用either...or..., not only...but also, neither...nor...的連接詞連接兩個名詞當主詞時, 記得動詞是跟者後面的名詞
Not only you but also I am planning to study abroad.
Neither Peter nor my sister likes to play the piano.
8. Each, every (everyone, everybody, everything), another, something (someone, somebody), anything (anybody, anyone)....後面動詞恆常要有s
Ex: Everyone has his or her own dream.
Ex: I want to find someone who really likes me.
also後面動詞 在 ［Grammar 教我的事］... - What English Has Taught Me 的推薦與評價
作為主詞補語的A和B詞性需相同; 若both A and B當主詞視為複數，動詞接複數型式; 當補語用則詞性 ... 若Not only A but also B 當主詞，but also 後面接的B為強調。 ... <看更多>