【壽司愛好者需注意汞中毒的危險
Sushi addicts need to be aware of mercury toxicity risk】
(Financial Times, Jul. 13, 2015) —by Charles Wallace
Is eating sushi safe?
吃壽司是安全的嗎？
During a recent meal with a Wall Street financial adviser, he mentioned that he eats sushi several times a week because he believed it to be the most healthful and convenient way to dine while continuing to work at his desk. I was left wondering if that was as healthful as he said, given the recent concern about mercury in fish.
最近我和一位在華爾街工作的財務顧問一起吃飯。用餐時他提到他每週要吃好幾次壽司，因為他覺得如果要邊用餐，邊在辦公室繼續工作，吃壽司就成了最健康和方便的選擇。不過想到最近人們對魚類中含汞量的疑慮，我不由得懷疑起吃壽司是否真的像他所說的那麼健康。
All around the financial centers in London and New York, shops which once featured only simple sandwiches now stock different types of sushi and sashimi, including those made from various types of tuna. This despite the well-publicized concern when Richard Gelfond, CEO of the US cinema group IMAX, reported that he had been diagnosed with mercury toxicity after eating sushi on a daily basis.
在倫敦和紐約的金融中心周遭，原本只供應簡單三明治的店家現在紛紛賣起了各式各樣的壽司和生魚片，包括用各種鮪魚製作的食品。儘管自從美國影院集團IMAX的執行長 Richard Gelfond 自稱因為每天食用壽司而被診斷出汞中毒症狀後，媒體已對此問題進行了廣泛報導。
In addition, the actor Jeremy Piven, star of ITV’s Mr. Selfridge franchise, also was reported to have been hospitalized for mercury toxicity from eating sushi.
此外，還有報導指出，英國獨立電視臺(ITV)「塞爾弗裡奇先生」(Mr. Selfridge)電視劇中的男主角 Jeremy Piven 也因吃了壽司導致汞中毒而被送往醫院。
While the European Food Safety Authority issued a new advisory notice on fish consumption earlier this year, it said that the types of fish consumed in Europe and fish-eating habits were so different across the continent that it was up to the individual countries to give specific advice.
儘管歐洲食品安全局(European Food Safety Authority)今年初就曾以攝取魚肉來發表一項新的建議性通知，他們表示歐洲各國所食用的魚肉種類和食用習慣差異極大，應該由各國各自提供專屬的建議。
Britain’s NHS has advice about canned tuna but not about sushi. The US Food and Drug Administration recently set its first minimum fish consumption target, emphasizing the benefits of eating more low-mercury fish.
另一方面，英國國家醫療服務體系(NHS)則是對鮪魚罐頭提出了建議，而非對壽司提出建議。美國食品藥物管理局(FDA)最近首次設定攝取魚肉最小值標準，並強調了食用更多低汞含量魚類的好處。
Given this confusion, I asked Michael Gochfeld, who has studied mercury toxicity for 30 years, what his best advice is about fish consumption.
考慮到這種混亂的狀況，我詢問了研究汞中毒長達30年的Michael Gochfeld，想了解他對攝取魚肉有哪些最棒的建議可提供。
Dr. Gochfeld, an adjunct clinical professor in the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute at New Jersey’s Rutgers University, said most people do eat too little fish, an excellent source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown in some studies to be protective against heart disease and cancer. But he acknowledged that there can be too much of a good thing.
Gochfeld 博士是紐澤西州羅格斯大學(Rutgers University)環境和職業健康科學研究所的客座臨床教授。他表示大多數人的魚肉攝取量都太少了。魚類是理想的蛋白質和omega-3脂肪酸的來源。一些研究闡明，這種脂肪酸能夠預防心臟病和癌症。但他也承認，過猶不及，好事做過了頭就成了壞事。
“If you eat fish rarely, such as less than once a month, it’s likely that your health will benefit from eating more fish,” Dr. Gochfeld explains. “If you eat fish frequently, more than twice a week, you have to pay attention to eating low mercury fish if you don’t want to get food poisoning.”
「如果你很少吃魚，比如一個月少於一次，那麼食用更多魚很可能會對你的健康更有益，」 Gochfeld 博士解釋稱：「不過要是你經常吃魚，一周超過兩次，又不想要食物中毒的話，你就得注意要食用低汞含量的魚才行。」
Among the fish that have been found to have the highest mercury content are swordfish, shark, marlin and albacore tuna. “If you go to a high-end sushi bar in New York, the chances are the tuna sushi will be bigeye tuna with high mercury levels,” he says, adding that in Japan, sushi is a prized delicacy but eaten only once a month. Sushi is often made from fish other than tuna, which can be safe to eat in larger quantities.
汞含量最高的魚類包括劍旗魚、鯊魚、旗魚和長鰭鮪魚。「如果你去紐約的高級壽司店，有可能鮪魚壽司是用高汞含量的大目鮪魚製作的，」他還補充說，在日本，壽司是人們珍愛的美味，但人們一個月只食用一次。壽司通常是用鮪魚以外的魚類製作的，在大量食用的情況下，這些壽司可能較為安全。
This mercury warning is especially true for pregnant women. “Having even one meal with high mercury fish, like one swordfish serving, at the wrong time could have an impact on a developing fetus,” Dr. Gochfeld cautions.
這裡有關汞中毒的警告對於懷孕女性特別重要。「在不適當的時機，就算只食用一次高汞含量的魚，比如一道由劍魚所烹製的菜餚，就可能影響發育中的胎兒，」 Gochfeld 博士這般告誡。
While he loves tuna sushi himself, he restricts his consumption to once a month and eats low mercury fish such as salmon a couple of times a week.
儘管 Gochfeld 博士本人也愛吃鮪魚壽司，他把攝取量限制在每月一次，並且每週食用幾次鮭魚等具有較低汞含量的魚。
That advice is similar to the counsel from the British government, which says that pregnant women and young children should not eat swordfish, shark or marlin, and that other adults should limit their intake to one portion a week. As for me, I love salmon so that is my dietary mainstay, but also eat other low-mercury fish.
這個建議和英國政府提出的忠告很接近，英國政府表示孕婦和幼童不宜食用劍魚、鯊魚或者旗魚，而其他成年人也應該將攝取量限制在每週一次。就我個人而言，我非常愛吃鮭魚，因此鮭魚是我飲食的首選，但我也吃其他低汞含量的魚。
高雄人 學習英文 請找 多益達人 林立英文
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