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關於 linux routing ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

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在linux routing這個產品中，有2篇Facebook貼文，粉絲數超過2,850的網紅矽谷牛的耕田筆記，也在其Facebook貼文中提到， 最近都在跟網路通靈，不免最後又來跟 rp_filter 打交道，因此今天這篇文章來幫大家複習一下 rp_filter 這個系統參數 設定位置: /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/$iface/rp_filter 介紹: rp_filter 全名為 Reverse Path Fil...

linux routing 在 矽谷牛的耕田筆記 Facebook 的最讚貼文

矽谷牛的耕田筆記 By 矽谷牛的耕田筆記

2021-03-02 09:00:58 有 22 人按讚
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最近都在跟網路通靈，不免最後又來跟 rp_filter 打交道，因此今天這篇文章來幫大家複習一下 rp_filter 這個系統參數

設定位置: /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/$iface/rp_filter

介紹:
rp_filter 全名為 Reverse Path Filtering，是一個 Linux Kernel 用來過濾封包的機制。當封包到達一個網卡時， kernel 會根據該封包的 source IP 去進行反向(Reverse Path)檢查，當系統檢查當前的 routing table 確認該 source IP 是可以轉發的，且轉發出去的網卡與收到的網卡是一致時，封包就可以正確地接收，反之則會丟棄。

目前常見系統上 rp_filter 有三種數值可以設定
0: 請關閉 rp_filter 的功能，請不要對封包的來源進行檢查，一切都收起來。
1: 如前段所述，嚴格的針對 source IP 進行反向查找
2: (1)的不嚴格版本，一樣會對 source IP 進行反向查找，但是反向的網卡不需要與收到的網卡一致，只要確認該封包可以出去即可

大部分的情況下不建議關閉 rp_filter， rp_filter 可以用來驗證 source IP 是否合法，對於抵擋 Spoffing IP 這類型的攻擊可以起到一定的效用。
此外如果有安裝 Calico CNI 的也要注意一下這個設定，因為這種基於 routing 的 CNI 解決方式很容易會因為 rp_fitler 導致功能不正常。

https://www.theurbanpenguin.com/rp_filter-and-lpic-3-linux-security/

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目前工作內容主要以 DevOps 為主，本身是微軟 Cloud and Datacenter Management MVP，閒暇之餘會透過文章記錄所學，記錄於 https://www.hwchiu.com. 喜歡參加社群活動來學習不同的經驗，藉此增廣見聞 目前主要參加的社群是 CNTUG，偶而會參加線上 Meetup ，透過網路的方式分享一些心得，並且錄影分享於 Youtube 上
工作與閒暇之餘的學習筆記，紀錄各式各樣的科技文章，同時分享自身部落格文章，線上社群演講以及線上課程資訊
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linux routing 在 TibaMe-雲端網路系統工程師養成班 Facebook 的最佳貼文

TibaMe-雲端網路系統工程師養成班 By TibaMe-雲端網路系統工程師養成班

2012-12-02 08:19:37 有 11 人按讚
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=== 84hrs Linux系統管理與網路服務 課程大綱 ===

== 第一階段 (Essential) : 30 hrs

= 上課環境規劃
= 本機安裝 OpenSuSE 及 部署 SLES
= Linux相關的發展歷史
= 使用 GNOME 桌面環境
= CLI 的使用
= 熟用共同性文書編輯器 VIM
= man 及 info
= 線上資源的 survey
= 檔案系統管理
= Shell Command 及 CLI 外部指令
= 使用YaST 管理系統
= 使用者, 群組帳戶的管理
= 系統套件及軟體管理
= 檔案系統權限及安全管理

== 第二階段 (Administration) : 42 hrs

= 系統開機流程分析及操作
= 系統程序及服務的管理
= 管理檔案系統 -- LVM, RAID, Quota
= 解析網路及 Routing 操作
= 硬體設備管理 及 驅動程式模組管理
= 遠端存取管理 -- SSH, VNC
= 監控系統 及 系統記錄的管理
= 系統工作排程
= 自動化異地備份策略及管理
= PAM 的管理
= 強化使用者環境
= 進階存取控制 (ACL)
= Packet-Filtering 防火牆 (SuSEfirewall2)

== 第三階段 (Network Services) : 12 hrs

= Network Printing --- CUPS
= DNS Server --- BIND
= DHCP Server
= FTP Server --- Pure-FTPD
= File and Print Service within MS. --- Samba.
= HTTP Server --- Apache2
= Mail Relay Server --- Postfix
= Recieving Mail System --- Cyrus-imapd
= Web-base Mail System --- OpenWebmail

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在網路驅動的年代裡，我們選擇擁抱社交網路來創造另一個屹立不搖的『網工幫』傳說。 您也將見證，一群優秀工程師創造獨特價值的歷程。
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社群媒體上有些相關的討論：

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#3. [Linux] route指令的用法 - 痞客興的部落格

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#5. linux下route命令--说的比较清楚！ - zxiaocheng - 博客园

linux 下route命令route命令感觉很不容易。一般开机后在命令行中使用route命令，会得到下面的信息Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway.

#6. Linux 多重網路介面，多重路由表 - HackMD

以此做到讓服務網路與管理網路分離。 Web Server 網路介面說明： eth0: (default route) address 192.168.0.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.

#7. [轉貼] Linux 之route 指令的使用詳解 - 經驗交流分享與備忘

Route 在本地IP 路由表中顯示和修改條目。 語法route [-f] [-p] [Command [Destination] [mask Netmask] [Gateway] [

#8. An introduction to Linux network routing | Opensource.com

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#13. route命令- Linux命令大全教程教學 - 億聚網

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#14. linux route 指令筆記 - Mr. 沙先生

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#15. Chapter 4. IP Routing - linux-ip.net

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#18. How To Add Route on Linux - devconnected

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#23. Linux Advanced Routing & Traffic Control HOWTO - 博客來

書名：Linux Advanced Routing & Traffic Control HOWTO，語言：英文，ISBN：9781705975855，頁數：104，作者：Maxwell, Gregory,Mook, Remco Van,Oosterhout, ...

#24. ip-route(8) - Linux manual page - man7.org

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#25. Policy Routing Using Linux - Amazon.com

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#26. Linux route command help and examples - Computer Hope

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#27. Linux Advanced Routing & Traffic Control HOWTO

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#29. [Linux] 路由修改、指定特定gateway - 雷射's zone

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[root@oldboy ~]# route -n#==>查看路由表，netstat -rn也可以。 Kernel IP routing table. DestinationGatewayGenmaskFlags Metric RefUse Iface. 10.0.

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#33. How to Set Static IP Address and Modifying Routing Table on ...

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#34. Understanding modern Linux routing (and wg-quick) - Roman ...

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#35. 10.7 Configuring Network Routing

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#37. Routing IP Traffic on Linux - Oracle Base

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#38. 10.5. Dynamic Routing - The Debian Administrator's Handbook

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#39. route命令- Linux命令大全教程™ - 易百教程

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#40. Configuring Routing on Linux (RHEL/CentOS) - Windows OS ...

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#42. Static Routing - Linux | Network Command Reference

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#44. Linux 2.4 Advanced Routing HOWTO

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#47. How to clear routing table from cache in Linux | CodePre.com

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#48. IP Routing - Linux Network Administrator's Guide, Second ...

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#49. show / manipulate the IP routing table - Linux Man Pages (8)

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#50. Linux Routing - APRICOT

Linux Routing. Presented by ... route route to display the routing cache route add route add default route del ... ip route add to populate a routing table.

#51. Route command in Linux

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#52. Linux 多重網路介面，多重路由表

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#53. Routing Tables | Ubuntu

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#54. Linux Policy Routing — Introduction | by Marthin Satrya Pasaribu

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#55. Ping via linux routing table not working [OR] how is this ...

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#57. How To Display Routing Table In Linux - RootUsers

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#58. Linux SRv6 实战(第一篇)：VPN、流量工程和服务链 - Cisco

Segment Routing（以下简称SR）指由思科发明，并主要由IETF SPRING. （Source Packet Routing In Networking）工作组进行标准化的新一代网络传送.

#59. Linux LAN Routing for Beginners: Part 2

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#60. Permanently save the routing table in linux - Huawei

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#61. Section 31.2. Concepts Behind Multipath Routing - 嵌入式 ...

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#62. What's Asymmetric Routing? Dealing with Two ENIs and ...

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#63. How to check routes (routing table) in linux - Lintel ...

The route is nothing but a path or way to the specific or range of destination IP addresses. Linux kernel maintains these routes called as ...

#64. Getting Linux routing table using netlink - Oleg Kutkov ...

To get Linux main routing table, we can use commands “route -n“, “netstat -rn” and “ip route“: $route -n.

#65. Linux Series - Policy Routing, ip rule, ip route - Programmer ...

In the early days, commands like ifconfig and route were often used to manage the network of Linux systems, but if you're ready to start ...

#66. shemminger/iproute2: Linux routing utilities - GitHub

Linux routing utilities. Contribute to shemminger/iproute2 development by creating an account on GitHub.

#67. Route (命令) - 维基百科，自由的百科全书

route 命令，用于展示或操作IP路由表。 Unix和类Unix系统[编辑]. route 实质是操作内核IP路由表。主要用途是：在ifconfig(8)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 程序 ...

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A routing table isn't used in top-down order. Instead, more-specific routes (with longer prefix length) always take priority over ...

#69. How to display routing table in Linux - Simplified Guide

In Linux, it is stored in the Routing Information Base (RIB). The routing table can be displayed on older Linux systems using route and netstat commands at the ...

#70. Linux Routing Quirks | Gremwell

Recently I have spent some time trying to mess up a routing table of Linux appliance to trick it into leaking out certain network traffic I ...

#71. Linux route命令詳解和使用示例（查看和操作IP路由表）

Linux 系統的route命令用於顯示和操作IP路由表show manipulate the IP routing table 。要實現兩個不同的子網之間的通信，需要一台連接兩個網絡的 ...

#72. How does Linux handle 2 identical destinations in its routing ...

In my opinion a Vlan is more specific than a whole interface that's why it appears first in your routing table. Thought I've not yet found documentation on ...

#73. 内核VRF · SDN指南

Linux 内核的Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) 是由路由表和一组网络设备组成的路由实例。 VRF安装. Ubuntu默认不包括vrf内核模块，需要额外安装: apt-get install ...

#74. Configuring Routing on a Linux Host - Hands-on Labs

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#75. Two Default Gateways on One System - Thomas-Krenn-Wiki

Normally, a Linux system only has one routing table, in which only one default gateway can make entries. With iproute2, you have the ability ...

#76. PXIe-6674T Trigger Routing in Linux Desktop - NI

The following table describes PXIe-6674T trigger route support for Linux Desktop operating systems.

#77. linux 路由表设置之route 指令详解_梦想专栏 - CSDN博客

使用下面的route 命令可以查看Linux 内核路由表。 # routeDestination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 ...

#78. RHCE Series: How to Setup and Test Static Network Routing

Static Routing in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. One of the wonders of modern networking is the vast availability of devices that can connect ...

#79. Red Hat Enterprise Linux - How to clear routing table? - HPE ...

echo 1 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/flush. Confirmation: The below command shows the current routing table: # netstat -nrC. ©Copyright 2021 Hewlett Packard ...

#80. SRv6 - Linux Kernel implementation | Main / HomePage

Segment Routing is a source routing technique that is being developed within the IETF. It changes the way packets are forwarded inside a ...

#81. Configure routing table(Examine Linux Machine)

This page examines the routing table on a machine running Linux in order to connect a UNIX machine to a network.

#82. What is the routing table in Linux? - Jim Fisher

Linux determines the route based on the destination IP address of the packet. The procedure uses the Linux “routing policy database”, ...

#83. How to set up source based routing with Linux - Support

Please type ip rule add from s.s.s.s table SECONDPOA where s.s.s.s is the IP Address of the eth1. Please type ip route add default via y.y.y.y ...

#84. Route Command in linux with examples | LinuxHelp Tutorials

Route Add Command in Linux with examples · [root@linuxhelp ~]# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use ...

#85. Getting and interpreting routing table information - Diego ...

Posted by Diego Assencio on 2014.12.30 under Linux (Networking) ... A routing table is a list containing the routes which network packets take based on ...

#86. Linux / Windows – Routing - Benjr.tw

Linux. IPv4. Linux 下的Routing Table 跟Windows 是一樣的,指令也差不多, 一樣使用route add 來新增Routing 規則, ...

#87. Routing Protocol - Outline

期望讀者可以使用Linux 設計成一簡單的. Router，進而可以了解Routing Protocol. ❖以學習目的而言，更重要的是如何運用與實作一. 台Router.

#88. FRRouting

FRRouting Project. FRRouting (FRR) is a free and open source Internet routing protocol suite for Linux and Unix platforms. It implements BGP, OSPF, ...

#89. Configuring Linux host routing | Docker Networking Cookbook

Once you've defined new IP interfaces, the next step is to configure routing. In most cases, Linux host routing configuration is limited solely to ...

#90. Implementing IPv6 Segment Routing in the Linux Kernel

We propose the first open-source implementation of IPv6 Segment Routing in the Linux kernel. We first describe it in details and explain how ...

#91. Linux下路由及网关的配置

1.1 route命令的基本用法. Linux系统的 route 命令用于显示和操作IP路由表（show/manipulate the IP routing table)。要实现两 ...

#92. 7 Linux Route Command Examples (How to Add Route in Linux)

Route command is used to show/manipulate the IP routing table. It is primarily used to setup static routes to specific host or networks via an ...

#93. Linux Advanced Routing Tutorial

Essentially, the Bird process talks to the BGP neighbor and imports all the advertised prefixes into its internal routes list. It also talks ...

#94. Static routing - Gentoo Wiki

There are many types of routed protocols; this article simply covers routing of the IP protocol in the Linux kernel. Although IP routes are ...

#95. Linux IP forwarding - How to Disable/Enable using net.ipv4 ...

IP forwarding is also known as routing. When it comes to Linux, it may also be called Kernel IP forwarding because it uses the kernel ...

#96. how to read routing table - UNIX and Linux Forums

I have below routing table in linux kernel 2.6.9 # netstat -rn Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 10.155.24.0 0.0.