關於 of course簡寫 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

人生父母養！
人家外勞警衛也是盡自己的本份而已。
在疫情期間進入任和商店商場規矩就是一定要掃描手機才可以讓你進入，是妳自己忘記帶手機，妳不帶手機沒得掃描，警衛當然要妳填寫資料。妳就偏偏要說填寫資料那個筆不衛生容易受感染，受感染的話誰負責？ 是你這外勞警衛門口狗負責嗎？

這種沒有家教沒有修養的女人，講話一點水準都沒有！妳穿的在美，妳全身用名牌打扮的再漂亮又怎麼樣？不禮貌不尊重別人，人格簡直就是0分！

身為正義雞婆的我，一聽到這樣罵人，我說如果妳認為他是狗的話，那妳也是一隻母狗， 而且是一直亂吠的母狗，因為我們大家都是同類！

我覺得職業不分高低貴賤，真的不能用到這樣的字眼侮辱看不起人，真的太過分了！人家也是打一份工作，在盡自己的責任而已！

The guards of foreign workers are doing their part.
During the epidemic, the rule of entering any store is that you must scan your mobile phone to allow you to enter. It is because you forgot to bring your mobile phone. The guards, of course, ask you to fill in the information. The lady doesn't want one to use the pen to fill in the information is unhygienic and easy to be infected. Who is responsible for the infection? Is it your foreign worker guard dog at the door responsible?

You see, this kind of woman who has no tutoring and self-cultivation has no standard of speaking at all! You are wearing beautiful clothes, so how beautiful is your whole body dressed up with famous brands?Being impolite and disrespecting others, personality is simply 0 points!

As a righteous， when I heard such a curse, I said that if you think he is a dog, then you are also a bitch, and a bitch that keeps barking because we are all the same kind!

There is no distinction between high and low occupations. Is rude to can't use such words to insult and despise people. It's really too much! People are just doing their responsibilities in their job only!

【藥事知多D】張先需不需要服這種藥呢？

張先，大家未必聽過，不過藥罐子相信大家應該聽過蘇軾吧？

其實蘇軾是張先的好友，而且同樣喜歡寫詩填詞，雖說人氣或許比不上蘇東坡，不過同是一位著名的文學家。

相傳張先在八十歲的時候，納了一個十八歲的妾，便拿這件事跟蘇東坡賦詩道：

「我年八十卿十八，卿是紅顏我白髮。與卿顛倒本同庚，只隔中間一花甲。」

聽罷，蘇軾便以文會友，以詩還詩道：

「十八新娘八十郎，蒼蒼白髮對紅妝。鴛鴦被裡成雙夜，一樹梨花壓海棠。」

當然「忘年戀」不是本文的重點。

重點是……嘩！一個自稱「白髮」的「花甲」老人仍然有心有力，不需要假手於人……修正，應該是假手於藥，果然寶刀未老，不是嗎？

不過所謂「再鋒利的刀都會有生鏽的一日」，萬一真的力不從心，怎麼辦？

這方面，其中一類常用藥便是磷酸二酯酶抑制劑(Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, PDEI)，主要是Sildenafil、Tadalafil、Vardenafil。

一般相信這三種藥的藥效彼此沒有明顯的差異。[1][2]

其中Sildenafil、Vardenafil一般會在服藥後大約一小時內見效並會維持大約4至5小時的藥效，所以一般建議行房前至少30至60分鐘服用，給予藥物足夠時間發揮藥效。

在使用上，服藥後2小時內不宜進食肥餐(Fatty Meal)，即膏粱厚味，因為這可能會減慢藥物的吸收，從而延緩藥效。所以最理想的服法當然是餐前2小時或者餐後2小時服用。

至於Tadalafil一般會在服藥後大約2小時內見效並會維持大約36小時的藥效，所以一般建議行房前至少2小時服用。

同時因為Tadalafil的時效較長，長達36小時，自然便不用「即興即食即做」，一般較方便。

在使用上，食物一般不會影響Tadalafil的吸收，所以未必需要餐前服用。

話說回來，這類藥主要透過抑制體内的磷酸二酯酶(Phosphodiesterase, PDE)，主要是第五型磷酸二酯酶(Phosphodiesterase Isoenzyme Type 5, PDE-5)，便可能會提高體內一種稱為環鳥嘌呤苷單磷酸(Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate, cGMP)的水平，從而可能會導致陰莖海綿體(Corpora Cavernosa)的平滑肌鬆弛，舒張血管，增加陰莖的血流量，產生勃起的效果。

因為這類藥還可能會舒張體內其他血管，例如頭顱、皮膚，從而可能會產生頭痛、臉潮紅、這些副作用。

當然不用問，還有低血壓。

除此之外，這類藥還可能會「踩過界」，同時可能會抑制其他磷酸二酯酶，從而可能會出現其他副作用。

其中Sildenafil同時較可能會抑制視網膜(Retina)上視桿細胞(Rod Cells)、視錐細胞(Cone Cells)裡的第六型磷酸二酯酶(Phosphodiesterase Isoenzyme Type 6, PDE-6)，便較可能會出現視力模糊、藍視(Cyanopsia)（視物皆藍）的副作用。

至於Tadalafil同時較可能會抑制肌肉的第十一型磷酸二酯酶(Phosphodiesterase Isoenzyme Type 11, PDE-11)，便較可能會出現肌肉痛的副作用，例如下背痛(Low Back Pain)。
　　
在罕有的情況下，這類藥還可能會矯枉過正，誘發陰莖異常勃起(Priapism)，簡單說，便是「太持久」。別以為「金鎗不倒」是一件好事，實際上，這往往可能會誘發不可逆性的陰莖海綿體纖維化(Corporal Fibrosis)並可能會導致永久性勃起功能障礙(Erectile Dysfunction)，俗稱「陽痿」。[3]所以如果用藥者服藥後持續勃起超過4小時的話，請盡快求醫處理。

值得一提，性刺激可能會促進陰莖的內皮細胞(Endothelial Cells)釋放一氧化氮(Nitric Oxide, NO)出來，用來促進cGMP的產生，舒張血管，促進陰莖勃起。

因為一些藥例如硝酸鹽類(Nitrates)同樣可能會釋放一氧化氮出來舒張血管，所以一般不建議兩者同時同服，避免誘發低血壓，構成危險，一般建議服用Sildenafil、Vardenafil後不宜服用硝酸鹽類至少24小時；至於Tadalafil則需要至少48小時。[4]

除此之外，這類藥一般避免與酒精同服，因為這可能會誘發直立性低血壓(Orthostatic Hypotension)。

這是一個非常重要的提醒。

為什麼？

唔……君不見很多情侶往往喜歡上浪漫餐廳吃燭光晚餐開紅酒摸酒杯搞氣氛弄情調做前奏嗎？再說，酒或許不能壯陽，不過卻能會壯膽，對吧？

所謂「酒壯色膽」，此之謂也。

所以不論有沒有服藥，還是少喝酒為妙，以免酒後糊塗。

最後有人可能會投訴道：

「咦？為什麼服藥後還是不行？」

唔……背後的原因，一般主要可能有以下兩個：

第一，這類藥還是需要性刺激做訊號發揮藥效，所以只適用於「有心無力」的人，並不適用於「無心無力」的人。

第二，這類藥並非萬試萬靈。實際上，大約30至40%的人服藥後還是無效。[5]

（如欲了解更多用藥資訊，歡迎看看「小小藥罐子」網誌。）

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IG➡️https://www.instagram.com/pegashadraymak/
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著作➡️藥事知多D、用藥知多D、藥房事件簿、家居用藥攻略（各大書店有售）

Reference:
1. Curran MP, Keathing GM. Tadalafil. Drugs.2004;63:2203-2212.
2. Keating GM, Scott LJ. Vardenafil. Drugs.2003;63:2673-2703.
3. Halls JE, Patel DV, Walkden M, Patel U. Priapism: pathophysiology and the role of the radiologist. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(Spec Iss 1):S79-S85.
4. Kloner RA, Hutter AM, Emmick JT. Time course of the interaction between tadalafil and nitrates. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42:1855-1860.
5. McMahon CN, Smith CJ, Shabsigh R. Treating erectile dysfunction when PDE5 inhibitors fail. BMJ. 2006;332:589-792.

「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版，由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計，內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等，感恩十方大德助印，希望疫情退散，平安喜樂，後記如下：

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創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

【生命的意義】網上視訊工作坊將於七月開課，請密切留意FB或網站。

《一念之轉》（另稱覺醒功課 The Work of Byron Katie）簡介：史丹福大學醫學院早前就一念之轉作出研究，把抑鬱症患者分成三組進行療程，然後在八星期後，檢測各組成效，結果顯示：
第一組：患者只服食安慰劑－有20-40%患者好轉
第二組：患者服食抗抑鬱藥物－有40-60%患者好轉
第三組：參加九天的覺醒功課課程（The School of The Work with Byron Katie）－有94%患者好轉！
學習使用轉念作業，即時解除讓我們痛苦的念頭。有時人生就是被無謂的信念搞砸了，改寫負面信念將會為人生帶來新出路，活出圓滿人生。

2021年《奇蹟課程》將會提升並重新整合至《覺醒功課》，以《一念之轉》為基礎，把《奇蹟課程》裡的非二元的概念應用在日常生活當中，化解過去讓我們痛苦的知見世界，認清仁慈的真相，然後把療癒力量帶給我們遇見的每個人，以生命影響生命。可讚好Facebook以獲得最新資訊。

電郵：hypnohealinghk@gmail.com
Facebook Page： www.facebook.com/nowmichelle
YouTube頻道： www.youtube.com/c/michelletse
Facebook群組： www.facebook.com/groups/NowhereNowHere

賓狗的更多英文學習資源：https://www.zeczec.com/projects/bingobilingual
· 全英文 podcast
· 視訊家教
· 不定時線上課程

1 【course 課程】— 名詞
A course is a series of lessons or lectures.
所謂課程 course，就是一系列的學習單元與講課

大學選課

2【course 的搭配詞】

我曾經修過商業溝通課程
I took a course in business communication.

「修課」的動詞 take

我開了一門寫作課
I teach a course on writing.
「某某領域課」的介系詞
· in 或 on（不是 of）
· 或直接把領域寫在前面
這間大學有開設印地安歷史課
This college offers American Indian history courses.

「開設課程」的動詞 offer, run

3【class 課程；課堂】— 名詞

你有修那堂生物課嗎？
Did you take the biology class?

我今天傍晚有瑜伽課
I have a yoga class this evening.

4 【lesson 課堂；學習單元】-- 名詞

賓狗把英文課變得很有趣
Bingo makes English lessons more interesting.

像是課堂 class 的概念

這課本總共有 10 個單元
The textbook is divided into 10 lessons.

像是 unit 的概念

5 【lecture 講課】-- 名詞

· 下午最好睡的上課方式啦
· 主要由老師發言
· 互動或練習比較少（相對於工作坊、同學簡報）

今天下午，教授講課的主題是國際法
My professor gave a lecture on international laws this afternoon.

簡單複習
1 這學期修的「課程」：course
2 修某某「領域」的課程：介系詞用 in 或 on
3 今天下午 3 點「有課」：class
4 今天的課上要教的，是第 5 「單元」：lesson
5 老師站在台上講課，少互動、很好睡的形式：lecture

史丹福大學醫學院早前就The Work of Byron Katie（一念之轉）作出研究，把抑鬱症患者分成三組進行療程，然後在八星期後，檢測各組成效，結果顯示：
第一組：患者只服食安慰劑－有20-40%患者好轉
第二組：患者服食抗抑鬱藥物－有40-60%患者好轉
第三組：參加九天的覺醒功課課程（The School of The Work with Byron Katie）－有94%患者好轉！
研究報告：https://www.theworkresearch.com/

本工作坊以Byron Katie的《一念之轉》作為基礎教導，學習使用轉念作業，即時解除讓我們痛苦的念頭。有時人生就是被無謂的信念搞砸了，改寫負面信念將會為人生帶來新出路，活出圓滿人生。

Byron Katie 在過去三十年帶領過數以萬計的人操練「轉念作業」並證實了它的功效，就連《當下的力量》作者Eckhart Tolle都對她推崇備至。Byron Katie 設計的六道問題，四句反問讓我們深入內心找到真相，並可將之運用到實際生活當中，比如：政治、工作、家庭、金錢、疾病、自我批判、對死亡的恐懼等等。

＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊
上課日期：5月18日, 6月1, 15日（三個星期一）
時間：7:30-10:30pm
地點：Zoom網上視訊課
＊導師會參與學員的Whatsapp群組，整個月內全程參與大家的課外練習討論，並於課程後在群組支援大家。

原價：HK$1,050
現提供前所未有的優惠價：
視訊優惠價：HK$450 全三課
二人同行優惠：每人HK$285 全三課
報名連結：https://bit.ly/thework202005

課程以廣東話進行，歡迎海外人士參加，報名表內含付款詳情。

建議實時上課，一來共修力量很大，二來有即時視訊小組練習，如有上課，恕不提供重溫；如要請假，可提供錄影，需於七天內完成重溫。

＊必須填寫正確的電郵地址，閣下須以此登記電郵登入視訊課程
＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊

導師簡介
謝稀如 Michelle
過去數年已辦過多場一念之轉工作坊，曾遠赴美國及德國親自跟隨Byron Katie學習運用The Work，解除痛苦的念頭，及解除小我的執念，完全是一份覺醒功課。
香港催眠及身心靈整合中心創辦人、前身心靈平台董事、靈性導師、臨床催眠治療師、催眠講師
一直致力教授靈性教導、催眠及靜心技巧，讓我們學習如何活用當下的力量去轉化我們的人生，使我們獲得內在平安並創造奇蹟。

網址：http://www.hypnohealinghk.com
Facebook Page： https://www.facebook.com/nowmichelle
YouTube頻道： https://www.youtube.com/c/MichelleTse
Facebook 群組：https://www.facebook.com/groups/NowhereNowHere