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日本人を悩ませる冠詞(a/an/the)の使い分け
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英語で会話やメールをするとき、名詞の直前にくる冠詞が「a」なのか「an」、それとも「the」なのか迷う方も多いのではないでしょうか。実際のところ、ネイティブも間違えることがあり、慣れるまでは大変かとは思いますが、今日はなるべく分かり易く「a/an」と「the」の使い分けについてご説明しようと思います。
〜 「a / an」の使い方 〜
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1) 不特定名詞
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“a/an”は数えられる単数名詞に用いられ、(ある一つの)人や物、場所を表す時に使われます。例えば「I went to a park yesterday.(昨日、公園へ行きました)」は、具体的に特定の公園を示しているのではなく、単に公園に行ったことを表し、聞き手もどの公園に行ったかは分かりません。
✔基本的に子音(c, d, f, g…等)の前は“a”、母音(a, e, i, o, u)の前は“an”になりますが、「a university」「a unique」「an hour」「an honor」のように、必ずしも単語の頭文字によって使い分けが出来るわけではありません。子音と母音のそれぞれの「音」を基準にするようにしましょ。
<例文>
I watched a movie last night.
(昨晩、映画を見ました。)
※具体的に何の映画を見たか聞き手は分からない。
I’m going to a convenience store.
(コンビニへ行きます。)
※具体的にどのコンビニに行くか聞き手は分からない。
I bought an English book.
(英語の本を買いました。)
※具体的にどんな英語の本を買ったか聞き手は分からない。
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2) 人、物、場所について初めて話題にする時
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会話やメールにおいて、何かの物事や自分のアイデアを初めて人に紹介する時にも“a/an”が使われます。例えば「I have a cat.(私は猫を飼っています)」は、相手に新しい情報を紹介することになります。もし、「I have the cat.」と言うと「あの猫、飼って(預かって)いるよ」というニュアンスになり、相手は「どの猫?」と混乱をするでしょう。
<例文>
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
(私は兄と妹がいます。)
I’m going to a concert tonight.
(今夜コンサートへ行きます。)
I bought a brand new car.
(新車を購入しました。)
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3) その他
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その他、以下の単語と一緒に組み合わせて使われます。
✔職業:
a teacher, a doctor, an engineer
✔数量:
a little, a couple of, a few, a pair of
✔What a _____:
What a nice day! / What an awesome book! / What a shame!
<例文>
I’m an English teacher.
(私は英語の先生です。)
I’m a little tired.
(ちょっと疲れています。)
What an amazing movie!
(素晴らしい映画ですね。)
〜 「the」の使い方 〜
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1) 特定できる名詞
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“the”は数えられる名詞、数えられない名詞、単数形と複数形、全てにおいて使われ、話し手と聞き手がお互いに話の内容が分かっている時に使われます。例えば、「I went to the park yesterday.」と友達に言った場合、その友達は具体的にどの公園に行ったかが分かります。(友達がオススメした公園や、事前に友達にどの公園に行くかを伝えてある理由などから。)
<例文>
I watched the movie last night. It was really interesting just like you said.
(昨晩、あの映画見ました。あなたの言っていた通り超面白かったです。)
※聞き手は話し手が何の映画を見たか分かっている。
I’m going to the convenience store. Do you want anything?
(コンビニに行きますが、何か入りますか?)
※聞き手は話し手がどのコンビニに行くか分かっている。
I bought the English book. This is it right?
(あの英語の本買いました。これですよね?)
※聞き手は話し手がどの本を買ったか分かっている。
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2) 人、物、場所についての話題を2度目以降に話す時
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会話や文章で初めて紹介する物事の場合は、“a/an”が使われると上記で説明しましたが、2回目以降は“the”を使って表します。例えば「I have a cat. The cat is 3 years old.(私は猫を飼っています。その猫は3歳です。)」のように、紹介した後は、聞き手もどの猫について話しているのか認識しているので“the”が使用されます。
<例文>
I ran a marathon last week. The marathon had a lot of hills.
(先週マラソンに出ました。坂が多いマラソンでした。)
I’m going to a concert tonight. Do you want to come to the concert with me?
(今晩コンサートへ行きます。一緒にコンサートへ行きませんか?)
I bought a brand new car. I got a really good deal on the car.
(新車を購入しました。かなりお得な値段で購入しました。)
-------------------------------------------------
3) その他
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その他、以下の単語と一緒に組み合わせて使われます。
✔海、湾、川、砂漠の名称:
The Pacific Ocean, The Gulf of Mexico, The Mississippi River, The Sahara
✔ホテル、博物館、美術館の名前:
The Hilton, The Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum
✔(世界に)一つしかない物:
The sun, the moon, The president(大統領はその国に一人しかいない、社長もその会社に一人しかいない)
✔最上級:
The biggest, the richest, the oldest
<例文>
I’ve never been to the Sahara Desert.
(サハラ砂漠に行ったことがありません。)
I’m staying at the Hilton.
(私はヒルトンに泊まっています。)
Who is the oldest person in the world?
(世界最年長者は誰ですか?)
〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜
無料メルマガ『1日1フレーズ!生英語』配信中!
通勤・通学などのちょとした合間を利用して英語が学べるメルマガ『1日1フレーズ!生英語』を平日の毎朝6時に配信中!ただ単にフレーズを紹介しているだけではなく、音声を使った学習プロセスが組み込まれているので、メルマガを読むこと自体が学習方法!
https://hapaeikaiwa.com/mailmagazine/
〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜
同時也有4部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過5,140的網紅Ghost Island Media 鬼島之音,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Taiwan’s next referendum will soon vote on activating the nation’s fourth nuclear plant, as well as constructing a natural gas plant on an algal reef ...
「oldest university in the world」的推薦目錄:
- 關於oldest university in the world 在 Hapa Eikaiwa Facebook 的最讚貼文
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- 關於oldest university in the world 在 Kyle Le Dot Net Youtube 的精選貼文
oldest university in the world 在 國立陽明交通大學電子工程學系及電子研究所 Facebook 的精選貼文
交通大學國際處訊息:Online Lecture Series "Selected Topics of Analog Chip Design"
Online Lecture Series "Selected Topics of Analog Chip Design"
( We want to inform about the upcoming online lecture series from the Institute of Electronics. It would be great if you could forward these opportunity which is free to your students in this field.
Technische Universitaet Graz | Graz University of Technology
Web: www.tugraz.at/international/ )
The Institute of Electronics (IFE) at TU Graz is one of the oldest academic research and educational laboratories in the country that is focusing on semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, automotive electronics and electromagnetic compatibility at the IC- and System-level.
This Friday their lecture series "Selected Topics of Analog Chip Design" starts with top-class lecturers from all over the world. The lectures always start on Fridays at 12:00 and are accessible for everyone via WebEx.
https://tugraz.webex.com/meet/bernd.deutschmann
Topics this year include thermoelectric energy harvesting, monolithic ultra-low power solar harvesting, digital gate driver IC design, millimetre wave wireless sensing, agile analog design, RF noise coupling, analog design and verification, and much more. See the appendix for the detailed plan.
oldest university in the world 在 Culture Trip Facebook 的最讚貼文
In 859 AD Fatima El-Fihriyathe decided to build a university with its own library, for herself and the intellectuals of her time.
oldest university in the world 在 Ghost Island Media 鬼島之音 Youtube 的最佳解答
Taiwan’s next referendum will soon vote on activating the nation’s fourth nuclear plant, as well as constructing a natural gas plant on an algal reef that's critical for Taiwan’s biodiversity. These decisions come as governments around the world are scrambling to meet the demands of the Paris Agreement, and as environmental activists fight for a more sustainable planet.
Green Parties propose an alternative voice in politics to tackle our environmental ruin. All over the world, there are 91 Green Parties that believe in committing our governments to environmental stewardship, through electing green movement leaders into office. In Asia, Taiwan is home to the region’s oldest Green Party, which won a National Assembly seat in 1996 - their very first election campaign.
Our guest today is Professor Dafydd Fell, a political scientist at SOAS University of London, and Director of the Centre of Taiwan Studies. Dafydd Fell is author of the new book: “Taiwan’s Green Parties: Alternative Politics in Taiwan”, published in March 2021 by Routledge.
Today’s episode is hosted by Nate Maynard - Senior Consultant at Reset Carbon, and host of Waste Not Why Not. You can check out his show for more insights on the world’s ocean, energy, and waste issues.
Waste Not Why Not Podcast: https://ghostisland.media/#wnwn
“Taiwan’s Green Parties: Alternative Politics in Taiwan”: https://www.amazon.com/Taiwans-Green-Parties-Alternative-Routledge/dp/0367650312
Routledge: https://www.routledge.com/Taiwans-Green-Parties-Alternative-Politics-in-Taiwan/Fell/p/book/9780367650315
Support us on Patreon:
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oldest university in the world 在 Ghost Island Media 鬼島之音 Youtube 的精選貼文
Today’s show is done in collaboration with The Taiwan Take. Subscribe to that show for more Taiwanese perspectives on global issues.
Taiwan’s next referendum will soon vote on activating the nation’s fourth nuclear plant, as well as constructing a natural gas plant on an algal reef that's critical for Taiwan’s biodiversity. These decisions come as governments around the world are scrambling to meet the demands of the Paris Agreement, and as environmental activists fight for a more sustainable planet.
Green Parties propose an alternative voice in politics to tackle our environmental ruin. All over the world, there are 91 Green Parties that believe in committing our governments to environmental stewardship, through electing green movement leaders into office. In Asia, Taiwan is home to the region’s oldest Green Party, which won a National Assembly seat in 1996 - their very first election campaign.
Our guest today is Professor Dafydd Fell, a political scientist at SOAS University of London, and Director of the Centre of Taiwan Studies. Dafydd Fell is author of the new book: “Taiwan’s Green Parties: Alternative Politics in Taiwan”, published in March 2021 by Routledge.
Taiwan’s Green Parties: Alternative Politics in Taiwan:https://www.amazon.com/Taiwans-Green-Parties-Alternative-Routledge/dp/0367650312
Routledge: https://www.routledge.com/Taiwans-Green-Parties-Alternative-Politics-in-Taiwan/Fell/p/book/9780367650315
Subscribe to The Taiwan Take for more Taiwanese perspectives on global issues:
http://www.ghostisland.media/#ttt
Support “Waste Not Why Not” on Patreon. Follow us on Twitter @wastenotpod. Send questions to ask@wastenotwhynot.com. Subscribe to “Waste Not a Newsletter" on Substack.
Support us on Patreon:
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SHOW CREDIT
Emily Y. Wu (Executive Producer)
https://twitter.com/emilyywu
Nate Maynard (Producer / Host)
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Ghost Island Media (Production Company)
https://twitter.com/ghostislandme
www.ghostisland.media
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oldest university in the world 在 Kyle Le Dot Net Youtube 的精選貼文
Follow Samantha on IG @sammiimartin Seleena @vnmesesisi
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This video contains a bonus reunion Hung had with his friends + footage that was left in the cutting room floor and behind the scenes
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Thank you Kevin and Robert
Shayla and her twin brother, Thomas, were adopted at 6 months old by a family from Calgary who relocated to Trinidad for work. Meanwhile, two older sisters were adopted previously and still live in the Toronto area. Due to unfortunate circumstances, difficult situations, and past struggles with the law, Shayla’s birth parents lost custody shortly after they were born. Shayla always knew her birth parents’ full names and used Facebook to find her birth mother and followed her throughout the years. Just a few months ago, Shayla’s adoptive mom noticed a girl on her birth mother’s page that resembled Shayla a lot. Eventually, when Shayla was able to reach her older sister Seleena, she was also able to reach her oldest sister, Samantha. And with these connections, finally Shayla found her father, a former Vietnamese boat refugee who immigrated to Canada by himself.
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About Me: I'm Kyle Le and these are the places I've been, the people I've met, the foods I've eaten, and the many things that I've seen...Originally from Southern California, I moved to Saigon, Vietnam after university and lived there for many years. Then, I traveled the world finding and documenting stories of Vietnamese people living outside of the homeland. Then I finished my master's at USC and now... well... you're going to have to follow and watch to find out!
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