[時事英文] 言論自由與冠狀病毒
在自由的社會中,每位公民都能依照個人的自由意志來行使權利。言論自由讓每位公民都能監督政府,要求政府改變不公不義的法規與政策。
In a free society, all citizens must be able to pursue their own paths, set their own goals, and think for themselves. The freedom of speech safeguards these rights as it enables us to challenge and change government regulations and laws we find oppressive and unjust.
歷史表明,在缺乏監督機制的情況下,政府的絕對權力將導致絕對的腐化。即便有些言論不合我們的心意,但禁止人們發聲不僅限制了言論自由,也剝奪了人們聽取他人意見的權利。禁止言論,並不能禁絕思想。唯有透過對話與協商,才能達成共識,而使社會進步。
History has shown that without the corrective mechanism of free speech, governments would consolidate their powers without regard for the rights and freedom of those whom they ought to serve. To deny people of free speech is a double wrong, because doing so would also deprive people of the right to listen, even though some speech would undoubtedly make us feel uncomfortable. Banning certain speech would not result in the elimination of ideas. It is through engagement and negotiation that we can reach consensus and progress as a society.
每個人都應享有批評政府的權利,而無需擔心遭受迫害。這也是當今公民得以贏得諸多權利的原因。言論自由是值得全體人類努力爭取的基本人權。
All people ought to have the right to criticize their government without fear of persecution, because it is how we have won the rights we have today. The freedom of speech is a fundamental human right and it’s worth fighting to protect.
★★★★★★★★★★★★
《紐約時報》報導:
Trevor Noah, the host of “The Daily Show,” has won praise on the Chinese internet for his searing criticism of the Trump administration’s mishandling of the coronavirus pandemic. So has Jerry Kowal, an American who makes Chinese-language videos chronicling the dire situation in New York.
1. win praise 贏得讚賞
2. searing criticism 猛烈抨擊
3. mishandle (v.) 對⋯⋯處理不當
4. chronicle 記錄
5. a dire situation 可怕的情況
因為猛烈抨擊川普政府對新冠病毒疫情的應對不當,《每日秀》主持人特雷弗・諾亞(編按:中國網民給他取了一個暱稱叫崔娃)在中國的網路上備受讚賞。受到追捧的還有郭傑瑞,作為美國人,他製作的中文影片記錄了紐約的可怕情形。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
China’s response to the virus has its own sharp-eyed critics at home, and they have found a vastly different reception. One resident of the virus-struck city of Wuhan who writes under the name Fang Fang documented despair, misery and everyday life in an online diary, and has endured withering attacks on social media. Three citizen journalists who posted videos from Wuhan in the first weeks of the outbreak disappeared and are widely believed to be in government custody.
6. response to 回應
7. sharp-eyed 眼尖的;目光敏銳的
8. a vastly different reception 截然不同的對待
9. virus-struck 病毒侵襲
10. document (v.) 記錄
11. endure attacks 忍受攻擊
12. withering 令人難堪的;嚴厲的
13. be in government custody 被政府監禁(或拘留)
中國對疫情的應對在國內也引發了尖銳的批評,但這些批評者卻遭到了截然不同的對待。在病毒肆虐的武漢,一位筆名方方的居民用網路日記記錄了人們的絕望、痛苦和日常生活,結果她在社群媒體上遭到了猛烈的攻擊。在疫情暴發的前幾週,三位在武漢發布影片的公民記者失蹤了,人們普遍認為政府把他們抓走了。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
The pandemic unfolded dramatically differently in China from the way it has in the rest of the world — at least, if one believes state-run Chinese media. Chinese news outlets used words like “purgatory” and “apocalypse” to describe the tragic hospital scenes in Italy and Spain. They have run photos of British and American medical workers wearing garbage bags as protective gear. A lot of the same miseries happened in China, but those reports were called “rumors” and censored.
14. pandemic 全球性流行病
15. unfold 展開;顯露
16. state-run 國營;國有
17. news outlet 新聞出處
18. purgatory 煉獄
19. apocalypse 末日(天啟)
在中國,這場大流行的展現方式與世界其他地方截然不同——至少,如果你相信中國官方媒體的話。中國的新聞媒體用「煉獄」和「末日」這樣的詞來描述義大利和西班牙醫院裡的悲慘情形。它們還登載了英國和美國的醫務人員把垃圾袋當防護服的照片。中國也有很多類似的悲劇,但那些報導被稱為「謠言」而遭到刪除。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
The death of Li Wenliang, the whistle-blowing doctor in Wuhan, on Feb. 6 galvanized many Chinese people into demanding freedom of speech. Online sentiment became much more skeptical, and many young people openly challenged the party’s message.
20. a whistleblower 吹哨者
21. galvanize somebody into… 激起;使震驚
22. freedom of speech 言論自由
23. online sentiment 網路輿情
24. skeptical 存疑的;持懷疑態度的
25. openly challenge 公開挑戰(或質疑)
2月6日,武漢吹哨醫生李文亮的去世激起了許多中國人對言論自由的要求。網路上的懷疑情緒更多,許多年輕人公開質疑黨的訊息。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Then the United States and other countries bungled their own responses, and China’s propaganda machine saw an opportunity. Using the West’s transparency and free flow of information, state media outlets chronicled how badly others have managed the crisis. Their message: Those countries should copy China’s model. For good measure, the propaganda machine revved up its attacks on anybody who dared to question the government’s handling of the pandemic. For many people in China, the push is working. Wielding a mix of lies and partial truths, some young people are waging online attacks against individuals and countries that contradict their belief in China’s superior response.
26. bungle 弄糟;(笨手笨腳地)把……搞砸
27. propaganda machine 宣傳機器
28. see an opportunity 看見機會
29. manage a crisis
30. transparency 透明度
31. free flow of information 資訊的自由流動
32. chronicle (v.) 記錄
33. rev up sb/sth(使)活躍;(使)積極
34. dare to question 敢於質疑
後來,當美國和其它國家搞砸了各自的疫情應對時,中國的宣傳機器看到了機會。中國官媒利用西方媒體的透明度和資訊的自由流動,記錄了其它國家在應對危機時的糟糕表現。他們的訊息是:這些國家應該效仿中國模式。此外,宣傳機器還加大力度,攻擊那些敢質疑中國政府處理疫情方式的人。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Many of the same people praising Mr. Noah have been slinging arrows and rocks at Fang Fang, whose real name is Wang Fang, for telling the truth about China. Her diary was moderate and personal, and a place where many of us turned for comfort during the darkest hours of China’s epidemic. But after Harper Collins announced plans to publish it in English, tens of thousands of online users descended on her Weibo account, saying she was a traitor for supporting the enemy’s narrative.
35. sling arrows and rocks 口誅筆伐
36. tell the truth about 說了關於⋯⋯的實話
37. moderate 溫和的
38. turn to comfort 尋求慰藉
39. the darkest hours 最黑暗的時刻
40. descend on 突襲;向⋯⋯湧來
41. a traitor 叛徒;賣國賊
在這些讚美諾亞的人中,有很多卻對真名為汪芳的方方口誅筆伐,就因為她說了關於中國的實話。她的日記是溫和而私人的,在中國疫情蔓延最黑暗的時刻,我們中的許多人都在這裡尋求安慰。但在哈珀柯林斯出版社宣布計劃出版該日記的英文版後,成千上萬的網民攻擊了方方的微博帳號,說她在支持敵人的敘事,是個賣國賊。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
The online backlash has been so severe, Fang Fang wrote on Weibo, that it reminds her of the Cultural Revolution, the decade of political violence and chaos that she saw as a child. The only comfort, she wrote, is that “this type of Cultural Revolution is only conducted in cyberspace.”
42. online backlash 網路上的強烈反對
43. the Cultural Revolution 文化大革命
44. remind sb of sth 使⋯⋯想起⋯⋯
45. political violence and chaos 政治暴力與混亂
方方在微博上寫道,這種網路叫罵是如此嚴重,令她回想起兒時目睹文化大革命的政治暴力和混亂的十年。唯一的寬慰是「這種文革只在網路空間進行著」,她寫道。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
May everyone in the world have the freedom to criticize their governments without fear. May we, no matter what our opinions are, speak out to safeguard human rights.
願世人都能享有言論自由,批評政府時無須擔驚受怕。即便意見相左,都能為捍衛人權而奮鬥。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
《紐約時報》完整報導:https://nyti.ms/35aI90l
圖片出處:https://bit.ly/2y6iN7X
★★★★★★★★★★★★
時事英文講義:https://bit.ly/2XmRYXc
時事英文大全:http://bit.ly/2WtAqop
如何使用「時事英文」:https://bit.ly/3a9rr38
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oppressive中文 在 程人富 Facebook 的精選貼文
//佛朗士在《諸神渴了》中寫道:「當政府違反人民權利時,反抗乃為人民責任中最神聖、最不可缺少的。」//
【百戰沙場碎鐵衣 獨領殘兵千騎歸】— 大專學界就港共政權清算抗爭者告全港市民書
香港市民:
二零一六年農曆新年,政府一改慣例,將小販趕盡殺絕。港人因而聲援旺角新年小販,支持本土文化。豈料警方突然暴力清場,更向天鳴槍,終引發大規模警民衝突。港共政權以暴動罪起訴抗爭者,清算異己。過去兩年已陸續有抗爭者因暴動罪被判刑,抗爭者為爭取公義卻失去了數以年計的光陰,大專學界對抗爭者的遭遇表示痛心,並譴責港共政府無恥之舉。
昨天盧建民和梁天琦竟被分別判囚七年和六年,日前亦有抗爭者被判以數年計的監禁。大專學界認為近日判刑過為苛刻。香港法例早已變得因陋守舊。《公安條例》對暴動罪中「破壞社會安寧」並無清晰界定,而「非法集會」和「暴動」的定義亦無明確分野,兩者卻存在差天共地的量刑標準,讓法例淪為政權打壓抗爭者的工具。聯合國亦曾兩度批評現時《公安條例》並未能為市民集會自由提供足夠保障,唯香港仍然固步自封,迴避檢討《公安條例》。學界促請檢討現行法例,確保港人權利在維持社會秩序中亦有所保障。學界亦認為裁決和量刑考慮中,社會現況和抗爭者的動機意圖都是不可忽視的公共政策因素。若被告行動的意圖或動機是真誠追求社會利益而非個人利益,法律亦應予以考慮。
今天抗爭者身陷囹圄,我們更要去食存信,把抗爭者為我城鞠躬盡瘁的精神銘諸心腑。在當今專制政權之下,大專學界誓必與港人同行,以追求自由為志,銘記同儕犧牲,思考我城前路。佛朗士在《諸神渴了》中寫道:「當政府違反人民權利時,反抗乃為人民責任中最神聖、最不可缺少的。」赤化風暴從未止息,我城前路憂堪:一地兩檢、國歌法本地立法和廿三條立法等危機接踵而來。此刻我們決不可如槁木死灰,更不可視若無睹。作為香港人,我們不能把拯救我城的責任假手於人,也不應對我城未來失去希望。希望愈渺茫,我們愈要捉緊;唯有堅持,我們才有機會把握我城命運。
學界相信,跛鱉千里,正義終會戰勝歸來:
「百戰沙場碎鐵衣,城南已合數重圍,突營射殺呼延將,獨領殘兵千騎歸」
— 李白《從軍行》
香港城市大學學生會
恒生管理學院學生會
香港樹仁大學學生會臨時行政小組
香港珠海學院學生會
香港教育大學學生會
香港理工大學學生會
香港大學學生會
香港中文大學學生會
二零一八年六月十二日
A Lost Battle Is A Battle One Thinks One Has Lost - A Letter to All Citizens of Hong Kong from Students’ Unions of Higher Institutions
Dear Hong Kong Citizens,
During the Lunar New Year of 2016, the government changed its usual practice and forbidden the hawkers to make their own living ruthlessly. Thus, in order to defend the local culture, Hong Kong people stood up and supported the hawkers in Mong Kok. Yet, the police suddenly arrived at the scene and evicted the protesters in violence. Worst still, they even fired bullets amidst the crowd. The clampdown eventually led to a large-scale conflict between police and protesters. In the past two years, there have been protesters prosecuted by the government and sent to prison for crimes such as riots. The Students’ Unions of Higher Education Institutions in Hong Kong would like to express our utter sadness towards the hardship suffered by the convicted and accused protesters in the Mong Kok Cases. Moreover, we hereby condemn the shameful act of the regime.
Apart from the seven-year and six-year imprisonments suffered by Lo Kin-man and Edward Leung, several protesters have also been sent to jail for years. The Students’ Union of Higher Education Institutions in Hong Kong would like to express our concern and discontent towards the oppressive and unreasonable sentences recently. In fact, the laws in Hong Kong have already become obsolete. In "Public Security Ordinance”, the meaning of "leading to a breach of the peace" is not clearly defined. Moreover, there is no clear distinction between the definitions of “Unlawful assembly" and "Riot”, but the criterions for imposing penalty are completely different for these two crimes. Such loopholes allow the regime to use laws as means to suppress the protesters. The United Nations has twice criticised that the current “Public Security Ordinance” does not provide citizens with sufficient protection to enjoy their freedom of assembly. However, the Hong Kong government evades reviewing the current "Public Security Ordinance”. We then urge for a review of the current laws to ensure that the rights of Hong Kong people are safeguarded while maintaining social order. We also believe that the current situation in the society, as well as the intention of the protesters, are public policy factors that cannot be ignored. Such intention should also be considered If the defendant strives to pursue social interests instead of self interests.
Today, protesters were imprisoned as they were prosecuted by the regime. We shall keep our faith despite the adversities, engraving the protesters’ spirit of sacrificing themselves for our city on our mind. Under the dictatorial regime, the Students’ Union of Higher Education Institutions in Hong Kong pledge to walk along with all citizens throughout the journey of pursuing freedom. We shall bear in mind the sacrifices of the predecessors and ponder over the future of our city. In “The Gods Are Athirst”, Anatole France wrote: “When the Government violates the Rights of the people, insurrection is for the people the most sacred and the most indispensable of duties.” Hong Kong has never escaped from the increasing control of the communist party, and its future is disconcerting as human rights and rule of law are being devastated. When various crises such as the co-location arrangement together with legislations of national anthem law and Article 23 come around incessantly, we shall never let our voice die down nor allow the regime to trample on us. It is only the Hong Kong people who bear the responsibility of saving our city. We shall never lose hope of the future of Hong Kong, as only through perseverance and assertiveness can we take control of the destiny of our home.
Jean-Paul Sartre once said, “a lost battle is a battle one thinks one has lost.” Shall we fight and struggle with persistence, Justice will return gloriously.
City University of Hong Kong Students’ Union
Hang Seng Management College Students’ Union
Interim Executive Committee of The Student Union of Hong Kong Shue Yan University
Student Union of Chu Hai College of Higher Education
The Education University of Hong Kong Students’ Union
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Students' Union
The Hong Kong University Students’ Union
The Student Union of the Chinese University of Hong Kong
12th June 2018
oppressive中文 在 盧斯達 Facebook 的精選貼文
八大學生會
【百戰沙場碎鐵衣 獨領殘兵千騎歸】— 大專學界就港共政權清算抗爭者告全港市民書
香港市民:
二零一六年農曆新年,政府一改慣例,將小販趕盡殺絕。港人因而聲援旺角新年小販,支持本土文化。豈料警方突然暴力清場,更向天鳴槍,終引發大規模警民衝突。港共政權以暴動罪起訴抗爭者,清算異己。過去兩年已陸續有抗爭者因暴動罪被判刑,抗爭者為爭取公義卻失去了數以年計的光陰,大專學界對抗爭者的遭遇表示痛心,並譴責港共政府無恥之舉。
昨天盧建民和梁天琦竟被分別判囚七年和六年,日前亦有抗爭者被判以數年計的監禁。大專學界認為近日判刑過為苛刻。香港法例早已變得因陋守舊。《公安條例》對暴動罪中「破壞社會安寧」並無清晰界定,而「非法集會」和「暴動」的定義亦無明確分野,兩者卻存在差天共地的量刑標準,讓法例淪為政權打壓抗爭者的工具。聯合國亦曾兩度批評現時《公安條例》並未能為市民集會自由提供足夠保障,唯香港仍然固步自封,迴避檢討《公安條例》。學界促請檢討現行法例,確保港人權利在維持社會秩序中亦有所保障。學界亦認為裁決和量刑考慮中,社會現況和抗爭者的動機意圖都是不可忽視的公共政策因素。若被告行動的意圖或動機是真誠追求社會利益而非個人利益,法律亦應予以考慮。
今天抗爭者身陷囹圄,我們更要去食存信,把抗爭者為我城鞠躬盡瘁的精神銘諸心腑。在當今專制政權之下,大專學界誓必與港人同行,以追求自由為志,銘記同儕犧牲,思考我城前路。佛朗士在《諸神渴了》中寫道:「當政府違反人民權利時,反抗乃為人民責任中最神聖、最不可缺少的。」赤化風暴從未止息,我城前路憂堪:一地兩檢、國歌法本地立法和廿三條立法等危機接踵而來。此刻我們決不可如槁木死灰,更不可視若無睹。作為香港人,我們不能把拯救我城的責任假手於人,也不應對我城未來失去希望。希望愈渺茫,我們愈要捉緊;唯有堅持,我們才有機會把握我城命運。
學界相信,跛鱉千里,正義終會戰勝歸來:
「百戰沙場碎鐵衣,城南已合數重圍,突營射殺呼延將,獨領殘兵千騎歸」
— 李白《從軍行》
香港城市大學學生會
恒生管理學院學生會
香港樹仁大學學生會臨時行政小組
香港珠海學院學生會
香港教育大學學生會
香港理工大學學生會
香港大學學生會
香港中文大學學生會
二零一八年六月十二日
A Lost Battle Is A Battle One Thinks One Has Lost - A Letter to All Citizens of Hong Kong from Students’ Unions of Higher Institutions
Dear Hong Kong Citizens,
During the Lunar New Year of 2016, the government changed its usual practice and forbidden the hawkers to make their own living ruthlessly. Thus, in order to defend the local culture, Hong Kong people stood up and supported the hawkers in Mong Kok. Yet, the police suddenly arrived at the scene and evicted the protesters in violence. Worst still, they even fired bullets amidst the crowd. The clampdown eventually led to a large-scale conflict between police and protesters. In the past two years, there have been protesters prosecuted by the government and sent to prison for crimes such as riots. The Students’ Unions of Higher Education Institutions in Hong Kong would like to express our utter sadness towards the hardship suffered by the convicted and accused protesters in the Mong Kok Cases. Moreover, we hereby condemn the shameful act of the regime.
Apart from the seven-year and six-year imprisonments suffered by Lo Kin-man and Edward Leung, several protesters have also been sent to jail for years. The Students’ Union of Higher Education Institutions in Hong Kong would like to express our concern and discontent towards the oppressive and unreasonable sentences recently. In fact, the laws in Hong Kong have already become obsolete. In "Public Security Ordinance”, the meaning of "leading to a breach of the peace" is not clearly defined. Moreover, there is no clear distinction between the definitions of “Unlawful assembly" and "Riot”, but the criterions for imposing penalty are completely different for these two crimes. Such loopholes allow the regime to use laws as means to suppress the protesters. The United Nations has twice criticised that the current “Public Security Ordinance” does not provide citizens with sufficient protection to enjoy their freedom of assembly. However, the Hong Kong government evades reviewing the current "Public Security Ordinance”. We then urge for a review of the current laws to ensure that the rights of Hong Kong people are safeguarded while maintaining social order. We also believe that the current situation in the society, as well as the intention of the protesters, are public policy factors that cannot be ignored. Such intention should also be considered If the defendant strives to pursue social interests instead of self interests.
Today, protesters were imprisoned as they were prosecuted by the regime. We shall keep our faith despite the adversities, engraving the protesters’ spirit of sacrificing themselves for our city on our mind. Under the dictatorial regime, the Students’ Union of Higher Education Institutions in Hong Kong pledge to walk along with all citizens throughout the journey of pursuing freedom. We shall bear in mind the sacrifices of the predecessors and ponder over the future of our city. In “The Gods Are Athirst”, Anatole France wrote: “When the Government violates the Rights of the people, insurrection is for the people the most sacred and the most indispensable of duties.” Hong Kong has never escaped from the increasing control of the communist party, and its future is disconcerting as human rights and rule of law are being devastated. When various crises such as the co-location arrangement together with legislations of national anthem law and Article 23 come around incessantly, we shall never let our voice die down nor allow the regime to trample on us. It is only the Hong Kong people who bear the responsibility of saving our city. We shall never lose hope of the future of Hong Kong, as only through perseverance and assertiveness can we take control of the destiny of our home.
Jean-Paul Sartre once said, “a lost battle is a battle one thinks one has lost.” Shall we fight and struggle with persistence, Justice will return gloriously.
City University of Hong Kong Students’ Union
Hang Seng Management College Students’ Union
Interim Executive Committee of The Student Union of Hong Kong Shue Yan University
Student Union of Chu Hai College of Higher Education
The Education University of Hong Kong Students’ Union
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Students' Union
The Hong Kong University Students’ Union
The Student Union of the Chinese University of Hong Kong
12th June 2018
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