[時事英文]「Not-a-doctor Trump 」再次針對疫情發言: 光與消毒劑
他到底在想什麼...
★★★★★★★★★★★★
完整逐字稿與影片:https://bit.ly/2S63LGd
“A question that probably some of you are thinking of if you’re totally into that world, which I find to be very interesting. So, supposedly we hit the body with a tremendous, whether it’s ultraviolet or just very powerful light, and I think you said that hasn’t been checked, but you’re going to test it.”
1. totally into... 完全迷戀上⋯⋯;很喜歡⋯⋯
2. find to be 發現
3. hit the body with 以⋯⋯擊中身體
4. ultraviolet 紫外線
「如果你很喜歡那個世界,你可能會想到一個我覺得頗為有趣的問題。因此,據推測,我們以強光射向人體,無論是紫外線還是威力強大的光,然而我想你說這尚未得到確認,但你將對其進行試驗。」
★★★★★★★★★★★★
“And then I said supposing you brought the light inside the body, which you can do either through the skin or in some other way. And I think you said you’re going to test that too. Sounds interesting, right? ”
5. suppose 猜想;假設
6. brought sth inside the body 將⋯⋯帶入體內
7. in some way 某種方式
「然後我說,假設你可以把那種光以穿透皮膚或其它的方式帶入體內。而我想你也說過會對其進行測試。這聽起來很有趣,對吧?」
★★★★★★★★★★★★
“And then I see the disinfectant, where it knocks it out in one minute. And is there a way we can do something like that by injection inside or almost a cleaning because you see it gets in the lungs and it does a tremendous number on the lungs, so it’d be interesting to check that so that you’re going to have to use medical doctors with, but it sounds interesting to me. So, we’ll see, but the whole concept of the light, the way it kills it in one minute. That’s pretty powerful.”
8. disinfectant (尤指用於廁所、廚房表面消毒的)消毒劑;除菌劑
9. knock sth out 毀壞;擊倒*
10. injection 注射
11. do a number on sb 傷害某人;打敗某人;使某人難堪
12. a medical doctor 醫學醫生
「然後我注意到了消毒劑,它在一分鐘內就能消滅病菌。而是否還有其它方法,我們可以藉由體內注射或近乎體內清掃的方式,因為你看到病毒進入肺部,並傷害肺部,因此測試一下此一方法應該會很有趣,所以你必須有醫生陪同,但這對我來說很有趣。因此,我們將會看到有關光的此一想法,也就是光在一分鐘內殺死病菌的方式。那真是太強大了。」
*knock something out:https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/knock+something+out
★★★★★★★★★★★★
“Again, I say maybe you can, maybe you can't. I'm not a doctor. But I'm a person that has a good...you know what. Deborah, have you ever heard of that? The heat and the light relative to certain viruses, yes, but relative to this virus? ”
13. you know what 你懂的(用於代指對話中對方可意會之事)*
14. relative to 與⋯⋯相關;有關;涉及
「再一次,我說也許你可以,也許你不能。我不是醫生。但我這個人就是⋯⋯你懂的。柏克斯,妳聽說過嗎?熱和光與某種病毒相關,是的,但跟這個病毒有關嗎?」
*此處之「you know what」可能為「you know what I mean/am talking about」的省略用法。川普可能是想說common sense、intuition、instinct等單詞來稱讚自己,只是臨時想不到要用哪一個單詞。
*(you) know what I mean:https://bit.ly/3eOeSgD
you know:https://bit.ly/2YaKwiB
You know what?:https://bit.ly/3aCFnC8
★★★★★★★★★★★★
不過隔天川普則表示他當時是在開玩笑:https://youtu.be/djiipDJz8ek
Please do NOT take him seriously.
資訊出處:https://bit.ly/2S63LGd
圖片出處: https://bit.ly/3azr5T6
★★★★★★★★★★★★
相關報導:
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/24/health/sunlight-coronavirus-trump.html
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/24/trump-disinfectant-bleach-sarcastic
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52407177
https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/494519-trump-says-remarks-about-heat-light-disinfectant-were-sarcastic
https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/trumps-remarks-disinfectants-left-even-close-aides-shocked-n1192031
https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/24/843571171/under-no-circumstance-lysol-maker-officials-reject-trump-s-disinfectant-idea
★★★★★★★★★★★★
時事英文講義:https://bit.ly/2XmRYXc
如何使用「時事英文」: https://bit.ly/3a9rr38
時事英文大全:http://bit.ly/2WtAqop
#疫情英文
同時也有10000部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2,910的網紅コバにゃんチャンネル,也在其Youtube影片中提到,...
「question about用法」的推薦目錄:
- 關於question about用法 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最讚貼文
- 關於question about用法 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於question about用法 在 喬的英文筆記 Joe's English Learning Notes Facebook 的最讚貼文
- 關於question about用法 在 コバにゃんチャンネル Youtube 的最佳貼文
- 關於question about用法 在 大象中醫 Youtube 的最佳貼文
- 關於question about用法 在 大象中醫 Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於question about用法 在 報章英文成語教室- 假日學英文beg the question 【釋義】不 ... 的評價
- 關於question about用法 在 English SOS [文法篇]: 如何用Question tags (附加問句) - YouTube 的評價
- 關於question about用法 在 English Language & Usage Stack Exchange 的評價
- 關於question about用法 在 LangChain 的中文入门教程 - GitHub 的評價
question about用法 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最佳解答
[詞彙區別] constitute, compose, consist of, comprise, account for, make up 的區別
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
詞彙區別: http://wp.me/p44l9b-16B
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
在寫作的時候,有些同學為了避免重複使用相同的詞彙,卻選用了意義上不盡相同的詞,而無法精確地表達出自己所想傳達的想法。這問題很可能來自於考生平時在語言學習上過於依賴中英翻譯,因此在不夠了解某些詞彙精準的用法的情況下,很容易造成讀者的誤解。
為了幫助同學增加詞彙量並且精確地在口說和寫作上使用這些字,我建議同學們不要一開始的時候就死記硬背一群同義詞彙 (e.g. decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, reduce, alleviate) 。雖然如此做會快速幫同學累積對這些詞的認知,可是認知都會停留在模糊階段。建議同學先熟悉其中一兩個單詞以後在開始累積相關的同義詞彙,也應該用搭配詞跟片語加上完整的例句和短文來輔助自己對單詞的理解。同時同學們也應該在使用這些單詞之前先查查字典,更進一步了解這些詞彙的使用方式。
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
1. constitute: to constitute something is to form a whole, especially of dissimilar components: Love and hate can constitute a balanced relationship.
constitute 所“構成”的事物在屬性和特徵上,亦或在組織上,與組成成分是一致的。
-Seven days constitutes a week (七天構成一個星期。).
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
2. Compose: to compose means the same as to constitute, but implies that the components have something in common: Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
在表示“由……材料構成”時,見於被動語態;在用於主動語態時,一般它所表示的“構成”或“組成”總包含著融合為一,而且主語或者是複數名詞或者是集體名詞。
-Concrete is composed of cement, sand and gravel mixed with water. (混凝土由水泥、砂、石子與水摻和而構成。 )
-Mere facts, when badly stated, do not compose a good book. (僅僅有資料,如果陳述得很糟糕,並不能組成一本好書)
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
3. account for: 說明(原因、理由等); 導致,引起; (在數量、比例上); 占 (e.g. This group accounted for 60% of the population.)
(在數量、比例上)占
These products, in total, account for about 80% of all our sales (這些產品總共約占我們全部銷售額的80%。).
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
4. make up: 組成 to combine together to form something [= constitute]:
-Women make up only a small proportion of the prison population. 女人只佔監獄人口的一小部分。
-The committee is made up of representatives from every state (委員會由每個州的代表組成的。).
-Children makes up only 10% of the population (兒童只佔人口的10%。).
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
5. consist of: to consist of something is to be made up of it: A lethal dose of nerve agent VX consists of only 10 milligrams.
consist of 的含義與被動語態的 compose 相同
-Though the costume consists only of a sheet, it was very effective. (雖然那件化裝服裝僅由一條床單組成,但效果很好。)
-This group consists of men, women, and children.
(這個小組由男人,女人和孩子們組成的。).
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
6. comprise: to comprise something has the same meaning as to consist, often implying that the whole is regarded from the point of view of its individual parts: The chain is comprised of many links, and is only as strong as its weakest.
comprise 在表示“構成”時,其內涵是“包括”或“覆蓋”*
-The committee comprises men of widely different views (這個委員會由見解甚為懸殊的人組成。).
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
從這些動詞的意思來看,若要表示數個個體或項目組成一個整體時,我們可用 compose 或 constitute。
England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland compose/constitute the United Kingdom.
(英格蘭、威爾斯、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭組成了聯合王國。)
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
若要表示一個整體是由個數個體或項目所組成時,我們可用 comprise* 或 consist of / be composed of 。
(compose 經常用於被動態,而以 be composed of 的型式出現,意思和用法跟 consist of 完全一樣。)
-The United Kingdom comprises*/consists of/is composed of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.
(聯合王國是由英格蘭、威爾斯、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭所構成)
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
詳細的說明: http://www.learnerhall.org/2012/12/consist-of-compose-contain-comprise.html
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
*在這幾個字當中,僅 comprise 兼具其他字的意思,但它也是最麻煩、最讓人困擾的字。英語 評論人士強烈反對 comprise 被用作 constitute 的意思以及 comprise 以被動態形式 be comprised of 來表示 consist of 的意思,所以對於 Fifty states comprise the United States. (五十個州組成了美國) 和 The United States is comprised of fifty states. (美國是由五十個州所組成) 這樣的句子結構,他們期期以為不可,而堅持只有 The United States comprises fifty states. 才是唯一正確的用法。但他們反對的這兩種用法其實早已是不 折不扣的標準英語,一些新版的字典甚至將 be comprised of 堂而皇之地列為片語,如 The course is comprised of ten core modules. (這門課是由 10 個核心單元組成)。然而,在公說公有理,婆說婆有理,各有堅持的情況下,在此建議:若使用 comprise 會讓你覺得心虛或沒把握,那麼不妨使用它的同義詞,也就是沒有爭議的 constitute, consist of 或 be composed of 來代替之。
*An interesting history of sense development concerning the word comprise has caused confusion, if not hate for the word itself. The most common mistake is confusing consist and comprise with each other. To say A lethal dose of nerve agent VX comprises of only 10 milligrams, is wrong because it is not analyzed from each separate component or milligram, but rather as a whole dose. In fact, there is a lot of skepticism and criticism of the word “comprise” all together. “None of the many neat schemes purporting to describe its correct use seems accurately to describe the way Standard English users actually employ comprise.” (Bartleby) Thus it is suggested to use constitute and/or compose as active verbs, while consists and/or includes as passive. However, if your use of the word can clearly indicate its context, separate from the its other accepted use, choosing a substitute is not necessary.
Also, ”Comprises” is "better" grammar than ”is comprised of.” “The whole comprises multiple parts” is better than, “The whole is comprised of multiple parts.” Even better though is, “Multiple parts comprise the whole."
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
Sources:
http://www.bartleby.com/68/3/1403.html
http://bulo.hjenglish.com/question/33021/
http://blog.cybertranslator.idv.tw/archives/2590
http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/dictionaries/english/data/d0081813.html
http://www.learnerhall.org/2012/12/consist-of-compose-contain-comprise.html
http://everything2.com/title/consist%252C+comprise%252C+constitute%252C+or+compose
More sentences:
-The pie chart consists of/comprises of the percentages of four different fuel sources used in electricity production.
-Electricity (that is) produced with coal composed/constituted/accounted for 50% of the total electricity (that is)produced.
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
contain vs. include:
Contain: Something is considered to be within something else.
The toy contains many small moving parts. ->The small moving parts are a part of the toy.
Include: Something is added to something else, possibly containing it, possibly not.
-This toy includes batteries. -> The batteries are not a part of the toy. They just come with the toy.
question about用法 在 喬的英文筆記 Joe's English Learning Notes Facebook 的最讚貼文
【喬的回顧系列:字面難以看出意思之片語整理】
喬今天的回顧要分享過去曾經整理的字面難以看出意思片語,各位同學光是透過字面可能難以理解,所以一起來溫故知新吧!
<端看字面難以看出意思之片語/口語說法整理>
喬今天要分享的是看以從字面看出意思的片語/口語用法,因為昨天看到一篇此類文章覺得很有趣,所以今天決定要整理一篇文章跟各位同學分享此主題!
◆ pull up one’s socks 鼓起勇氣
◆ have the heart to VR 忍心去做某件事 (常用於否定句)
◆ I have not Vpp better. 我做..得很好!
e.g. I haven’t enjoyed the game better! 我玩遊戲得很盡興!
◆ dressing room 化妝室
◆ fitting room 試衣間
◆ green hand 新手
◆ capital idea 好主意
◆ horse sense 常識
◆ red tape 官僚習氣
◆ black art 妖術
◆ go around 足夠分配
◆ go in for 從事; 致力於; 參加; 追求
◆ go off 開始響了起來(鬧鐘/警鈴)
◆ go out of one’s way 格外努力; 比往常做得多
◆ go over 仔細檢查/考慮/看
◆ go through with 完成
◆ hold down 勝任; 保有(一份工作)
◆ have a way with + N. 有天賦; 能夠領導; 說服或影響
◆ have one’s hands full 非常繁忙
◆ head and shoulders above 在某方面強於某人
◆ if only +子句 要是..就好了
◆ in good shape 狀態良好
◆ in the red 赤字; 負債
◆ in the dark 一無所知
◆ 某事 be ice cold 理所當然
◆ It never fails. 總是發生
◆ like apples and oranges 比喻無法相比的事物
◆ line up 計劃安排
◆ look over 檢查; 查看
◆ look into 調查; 研究; 審查
◆ lose track 忘記; 不了解; 沒有記下來
◆ make out 分辨出; 看清; 聽出; 弄懂
◆ on and off 不時的; 斷斷續續的
◆ next to 僅次於
◆ on the dot 準點; 正點
◆ on earth 究竟; 到底
◆ on the side 兼職; 副業
◆ out of earshot 不在聽力所及範圍
◆ out of the question 不可能的; 辦不到的
◆ out of this world 非常好
◆ pass up 錯過
◆ pay off 證明是成功的; 有好處的; 值得的
◆ out of stream 沒有力氣; 洩氣; 漸漸停止
◆ put on 排練; 創作; 安排; 穿上
◆ pull away 開始走或行使
◆ push one’s luck 愚蠢的冒險; 靠運氣成功
◆ put away 把..收起來; 放好
◆ play by ear 隨機應變; 看情形而定
◆ put up 做; 從事; 運行
◆ put up with 忍受
◆ race through 快速奔跑
◆ race the roof 喧鬧或鼓掌歡呼等; 聲音震耳欲聾
◆ ring a bell 令某人想起某事; 聽起來耳熟
◆ run up against 遇到某人或某事
◆ run into 陷入; 受到影響
◆ save one’s breath 因說出來沒用或沒好處而保持沈默; 省口氣
◆ say something about 說明什麼有問題
◆ see around 看見…在附近
◆ set in 開始; 發生
◆ sit in on 列席; 旁聽
◆ slip one’s mind 忘記
◆ snap out of it 改變某種精神狀態或習慣; 振作起來
◆ spell out 簡單說明; 解釋清楚
◆ stick around 在附近逗留或等待
◆ switch off 使..斷開; 切斷電源
◆ take for 當成; 誤以為
◆ take up開始做或學; 開始從事
◆ take up with 與人交往
◆ talk into 說服
◆ talk out of 勸阻; 強迫同意或決定不錯
◆ tear down 拆除; 摧毀
◆ tie up 佔去所有時間或其他東西
◆ trade in 以某物折價,作為部分款項買東西
◆ turn one’s back on 不願幫助
◆ under the weather 身體不適
◆ wind up 安排; 處理; 以…作為結束
◆ wrap up 完成
◆ back out 不遵守諾言; 摧毀協議
◆ bear up 支撐; 承擔; 支持; 鼓勵
◆ burn up 激怒; 使生氣; 使惱火
◆ break new ground 創新
◆ break up 使結束或停止; 使散開
◆ care for 喜歡; 意欲; 想要
◆ carry on 從事; 經營; 忙於
◆ come out 結束; 結果; 完成
◆ What a shame! 殘念; 真可惜; 好遺憾! 【並非使用於可恥的意思】
◆ blind date 相親(由第三者安排)
◆ white coal 水 (使用於動力)
◆ pull one’s leg 開玩笑
◆ eat one’s words 收回說過的話; 改正錯誤的話
◆ sweet water 淡水
◆ Chinese dragon 麒麟
◆ roadside business 汽車飯店/旅館/電影院
◆ personal remark 人身攻擊
◆ eleventh hour 最後時刻
◆ be taken in 受騙; 上當
◆ familiar talk 凡夫俗子的對話/交談
◆ service station 加油站
◆ confidence man 片子
◆ a busy body 愛管閒事之人
◆ criminal lawyer 刑事律師
* criminal (adj.) 刑事的;
◆ busboy (n.) 餐廳中清理廚餘、桌面、上菜的人
(比服務生還要低一級)
◆ dry goods [US] 紡織製品 [UK] 農作穀物
◆ a blessing in disguise 塞翁失馬,焉知非福
◆ senior citizen 老年人
◆ wash one’s hands 上廁所
◆ a black sheep 害群之馬
◆ dead president 美金鈔票
◆ sporting house 青樓; 妓院
◆ blue stocking 女性學者; 女性有才者
◆ English disease 軟骨病
◆ Greek gift 害人之禮物
◆ French chalk 滑石粉
◆ Spanish athlete 吹牛者
◆ push the envelope 超越性能
◆ blow out 花大錢辦宴會
◆ as dead as a dodo 死定了
◆ think a great deal of oneself 看重某人自己
◆ make one’s hair stand on end 令人毛骨悚然
question about用法 在 コバにゃんチャンネル Youtube 的最佳貼文
question about用法 在 大象中醫 Youtube 的最佳貼文
question about用法 在 大象中醫 Youtube 的最佳解答
question about用法 在 English SOS [文法篇]: 如何用Question tags (附加問句) - YouTube 的推薦與評價
現在很多小學都在教 Question Tags (附加問句).它是日常對話內很常用的文法. 如果你對這種文法不熟悉, 就快點好起來吧.Many primary schools in Hong ... ... <看更多>
question about用法 在 English Language & Usage Stack Exchange 的推薦與評價
Explore our questions. Ask Question · meaninggrammarword-choiceword-usagegrammaticalityetymologyphrasesexpressionsphrase-requestsmeaning-in-context more tags. ... <看更多>
question about用法 在 報章英文成語教室- 假日學英文beg the question 【釋義】不 ... 的推薦與評價
假日學英文beg the question 【釋義】不直接回答【翻譯】沒有正面回答問題【用法】如果某人針對某一問題所做的陳述或所發表的言論令人有答非所問或沒有切到重點的感覺 ... ... <看更多>