「外交家」雜誌形容,當地 #疫苗業 發展疲弱,現時只有大約 10 間 #日本 #藥廠 正在研發武肺疫苗,只有 AnGes Inc 成功展開更進階的臨床試驗階段,其疫苗會採用質體 DNA 技術(plasmid DNA technology)。另一間知名藥廠塩野義製藥也已經開始初階段的疫苗臨床試驗,該疫苗則是應用了重組蛋白技術(recombinant protein),藥廠希望在 2021 年底,能夠量產足夠 3,000 萬人使用的武肺疫苗。
詳細全文:
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延伸專題:
【帶著「疫苗護照」安心出行?】
http://bit.ly/2Man1lW
【疫苗問世將造成更加分裂的美國?】
http://bit.ly/39dKsSS
【牛痘以來最快的疫苗開發 —— BioNTech 是如何跑出?】
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recombinant dna 在 臨床筆記 Facebook 的精選貼文
SARS-CoV-2的疫苗研發製造的策略:
1.去活化病毒疫苗(inactivated virus vaccines):
病毒已經是被用物理的或化學的去活化(Viruses are physically or chemically inactivated),但是仍然保存病毒顆粒的完整性(preserve the integrity of the virus paticle),它們充當免疫抗原(immunogen)。
2.病毒類似的顆粒或奈米顆粒的疫苗(Virus -like particle or nanoparticle vaccines):
結構性的病毒的蛋白質已經被共同表現(structural viral proteins are co-expressed),,形成沒有感染性的顆粒(form non-infectious particles),來當作疫苗的免疫抗原(vaccine immunogen),它們類似真實的類病毒(real virions)但是缺乏病毒的基因體(lack the virus genome)。
3.蛋白質次單元的疫苗(Protein subunit vaccines):
這種策略只有包括關鍵性的病毒的蛋白質或胜太(only key proteins or peptides),它們能夠在細菌(bacteria)酵母菌(yeast)昆蟲或脯乳類細胞(insect or mammalian cells)中在人體外被製造(manufactured in vitro),目前最大多數的在臨床期和臨床前期階段登錄在案候選的SARS-CoV-2疫苗,都是根據這種策略研發製造的。
4.病毒引導導航導向的疫苗(virus-vectored vaccines):
編碼致病原抗原的基因(genes encoding pathogen antigen),是被導入非複製的或複製的病毒載體(cloned into non-replicating or replicating virus vectors)例如腺病毒(adenvirus),這些抗原在免疫化作用後,由被轉換的宿主細胞產生(the antigens are produced by transduced host cells after immunization)。
5.DNA和mRNA疫苗(DNA and mRNA vaccines):
DNA和mRNA疫苗(DNA and mRNA vaccines),有可以快速製造用來抵抗突現性的致病原的優勢(DNA and mRNA vaccines have the advantage of rapid manufacturing against pathogens),DNA 疫苗(DNA vaccines),藉由再重組的DNA 質體所編碼的病毒的抗原(viral antigens encoded by a recombinant DNA plasmid),在宿主細胞中經由次序性的轉錄到轉譯的過程產生(produced in host cells via sequential transcription-to translation process)。相反地,mRNA 疫苗(mRNA vaccines)是藉由在人體外的轉錄過程被合成(synthesized by in vitro transcription),它們經由在人體內的直接的蛋白質轉譯,在細胞質中產生病毒的抗原(they produce viral antigens in the cytoplasm through direct protein trsnslation in vivo)。
6.活的減毒的病毒疫苗(Live-attenuated virus vaccines):
在這種策略中,病毒是藉由在人體外或人體內的過程或反向的遺傳的突變的產生作用而被減毒(virus is attenuated by in vitro or in vivo passage or reverse genetic mutagenesis),這個結果病毒變成沒有致病性或變成弱的致病性(the resulting virus becomes non-pathogenic or weakly pathogenic),但是仍然維持保持類似活的病毒感染的免疫抗原性(retains immunogenecity by mimicking live virus infection)。
資料來源:
Viral targets for vaccines against COVID-19
Nature Reviews Immunology(2020)18 DEC 2020)
感謝 #Cheng_Sheng_Tai 醫師提供資料
recombinant dna 在 Herman Yeung Youtube 的最佳貼文
Note download 筆記下載 : https://hermanutube.blogspot.hk/2016/01/youtube-pdf.html
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Biology 所有 videos 的 Playlist 可看:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oSnhUSkuaWV9d7FbyJDSPE
分類的 Playlist 可看:
1. Cells and Molecules of Life 細胞與生命分子… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pimOHKxXgEB4A7BkIU_fvE
2. Genetics and Evolution遺傳與進化… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qxXqviCcE59G2o2S-SZmLz
3A. Essential life processes in plants植物維持生命的活動… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oaLqXiViAOyF-wt_wxD62w
3B. Essential life processes in animals動物維持生命的活動… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8petIdjLSGd9BbyfUcDdHim
3C. Reproduction, growth and development生殖、生長和發育... https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8ramUz1FlN0c8vG47a8qChA
3D. Coordination and response協調和反應… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8o6aa0bT1nTs5QbaBpJ69W7
3E. Homeostasis體內平衡… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qIF_r_7bLzL_gbkzL3NRiZ
3F. Ecosystems 生態系… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qHQPt5HmieWo0EjPGnmD81
4. Health and Disease健康與疾病… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oWMLSCZvYm_HxnOCnw0ePt
5. Human Physiology: Regulation and Control人體生理學︰調節與控制… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8r0Af7WKwjPf5Ih3hk4rRpw
6. Applied Ecology應用生物學… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8rbkiK9KEPGav6_z6otcqA7
7. Microorganisms and Humans微生物與人類… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pA3IcS8sxv5JgWHZ0Ifvrk
8. Biotechnology生物工程… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oNgT2rFFmtFP_PBDbCqn0N
Notes Only Version : https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8osiwrVWzQRQ9wWCLgZUYS5
Definition 背誦︰
中英對照︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pgi_VnjcUHByKdnDfPKfDh
純英版︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qhbqCN5tsVn2DeUqYFzYPV
純中版︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8rAJGqx6SNLcG1WQGTFocOL
HKDSE Biology Past Paper Solution :
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8q0icgpscQYKrWcaywLK7g2
HKCEE Biology Past Paper Solution :
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HKALE Biology Past Paper Solution :
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HKDSE Mathematics 數學天書 訂購表格及方法︰ https://www.sites.google.com/view/HermanYeung
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recombinant dna 在 Herman Yeung Youtube 的最佳貼文
Note download 筆記下載 : https://hermanutube.blogspot.hk/2016/01/youtube-pdf.html
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Biology 所有 videos 的 Playlist 可看:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oSnhUSkuaWV9d7FbyJDSPE
分類的 Playlist 可看:
1. Cells and Molecules of Life 細胞與生命分子… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pimOHKxXgEB4A7BkIU_fvE
2. Genetics and Evolution遺傳與進化… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qxXqviCcE59G2o2S-SZmLz
3A. Essential life processes in plants植物維持生命的活動… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oaLqXiViAOyF-wt_wxD62w
3B. Essential life processes in animals動物維持生命的活動… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8petIdjLSGd9BbyfUcDdHim
3C. Reproduction, growth and development生殖、生長和發育... https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8ramUz1FlN0c8vG47a8qChA
3D. Coordination and response協調和反應… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8o6aa0bT1nTs5QbaBpJ69W7
3E. Homeostasis體內平衡… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qIF_r_7bLzL_gbkzL3NRiZ
3F. Ecosystems 生態系… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qHQPt5HmieWo0EjPGnmD81
4. Health and Disease健康與疾病… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oWMLSCZvYm_HxnOCnw0ePt
5. Human Physiology: Regulation and Control人體生理學︰調節與控制… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8r0Af7WKwjPf5Ih3hk4rRpw
6. Applied Ecology應用生物學… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8rbkiK9KEPGav6_z6otcqA7
7. Microorganisms and Humans微生物與人類… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pA3IcS8sxv5JgWHZ0Ifvrk
8. Biotechnology生物工程… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oNgT2rFFmtFP_PBDbCqn0N
Notes Only Version : https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8osiwrVWzQRQ9wWCLgZUYS5
Definition 背誦︰
中英對照︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pgi_VnjcUHByKdnDfPKfDh
純英版︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qhbqCN5tsVn2DeUqYFzYPV
純中版︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8rAJGqx6SNLcG1WQGTFocOL
HKDSE Biology Past Paper Solution :
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HKALE Biology Past Paper Solution :
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HKDSE Mathematics 數學天書 訂購表格及方法︰ https://www.sites.google.com/view/HermanYeung
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recombinant dna 在 Herman Yeung Youtube 的最佳貼文
Note download 筆記下載 : https://hermanutube.blogspot.hk/2016/01/youtube-pdf.html
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Biology 所有 videos 的 Playlist 可看:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oSnhUSkuaWV9d7FbyJDSPE
分類的 Playlist 可看:
1. Cells and Molecules of Life 細胞與生命分子… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pimOHKxXgEB4A7BkIU_fvE
2. Genetics and Evolution遺傳與進化… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qxXqviCcE59G2o2S-SZmLz
3A. Essential life processes in plants植物維持生命的活動… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oaLqXiViAOyF-wt_wxD62w
3B. Essential life processes in animals動物維持生命的活動… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8petIdjLSGd9BbyfUcDdHim
3C. Reproduction, growth and development生殖、生長和發育... https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8ramUz1FlN0c8vG47a8qChA
3D. Coordination and response協調和反應… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8o6aa0bT1nTs5QbaBpJ69W7
3E. Homeostasis體內平衡… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qIF_r_7bLzL_gbkzL3NRiZ
3F. Ecosystems 生態系… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qHQPt5HmieWo0EjPGnmD81
4. Health and Disease健康與疾病… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oWMLSCZvYm_HxnOCnw0ePt
5. Human Physiology: Regulation and Control人體生理學︰調節與控制… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8r0Af7WKwjPf5Ih3hk4rRpw
6. Applied Ecology應用生物學… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8rbkiK9KEPGav6_z6otcqA7
7. Microorganisms and Humans微生物與人類… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pA3IcS8sxv5JgWHZ0Ifvrk
8. Biotechnology生物工程… https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oNgT2rFFmtFP_PBDbCqn0N
Notes Only Version : https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8osiwrVWzQRQ9wWCLgZUYS5
Definition 背誦︰
中英對照︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8pgi_VnjcUHByKdnDfPKfDh
純英版︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qhbqCN5tsVn2DeUqYFzYPV
純中版︰ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8rAJGqx6SNLcG1WQGTFocOL
HKDSE Biology Past Paper Solution :
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HKCEE Biology Past Paper Solution :
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8oE7NKu3W5odiwwws6WerB0
HKALE Biology Past Paper Solution :
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzDe9mOi1K8qDsX40O4tczDYBPktC06fq
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recombinant dna 在 recombinant DNA | Definition, Steps, Examples, & Invention 的相關結果
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