【奧林匹克式舉重動作不能捨棄的理由】
分享《The System: Soviet Periodization Adapted for the American Strength Coach》書中對奧林匹克式舉重的看法。該書的作者們並沒有否定專項訓練的重要性,但強調現階段(美國許多力量教練)用其他動作「取代」奧林匹克式舉重是不智的作法,主要的理由是上膊和抓舉能訓練到「大範圍動作」與「全身性」的「爆發力」與「速度」。下面附上原文、我的譯文和懸垂式上膊的訓練側拍影片:
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#以下為譯文,最後附上原文,若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方,非常歡迎也希望各界指正!
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近年來,隨著人們越來越重視力量訓練中的安全性,以及所謂的「專項力量」訓練,奧林匹克式舉重動作已不再受到許多力量教練的青睞。主要的理由是,如果運動員不是要參加奧林匹克舉重比賽,有更好的爆發力訓練動作可以選,它們更容易轉化為運動賽場上的成績,而且這些動作不用移動那麼大的重量,所以對身體的壓力與風險會低很多。
為了甩開風險,有許多擲藥球或更有創意的動作已經在許多運動團隊的力量課表中取代上膊、抓舉、挺舉。在我們看來,這個鐘擺甩得太遠了,這些動作一直都能培養出世界上最強、最具爆發力運動員,現在卻要完全捨棄,實在太過極端。
我們要瞭解奧林匹克式舉重動作的主要目的是:通過「大範圍的動作」(特別是下肢)在全身產生最大的爆發力。
專攻奧林匹克式舉重選手和特別注重專項力量訓練的選手,這兩者的訓練課表,你最常發現的區別是:舉重選手是透過大範圍且快速的動作來訓練下肢;換言之,後者的動作幅度大都比較小。很多教練出於善意,使用了許多替代舉重的練習動作,但這些練習並沒有辦法達到舉重動作所需的柔韌性、協調性與力量輸出。
使用奧林匹克式舉重動作可以訓練到關節在較大彎屈幅度時的爆發力和穩定度,那也是身體在賽場上可能會碰到的幅度。(譯者註:當然對純跑者和泳者來說就並非如此了,不過自行車選手和大部分的球類運動相當符合)
一位運動員在進行完整的抓舉、挺舉時,如果進步太快或是沒有經過正確的指導再加上大重量,的確會導致受傷。但所有的訓練動作都是這樣,只要進階太快、操作不當或重量太重都會受傷,所以問題不在動作,而在於教練沒讓運動員準備好。
像美式足球或籃球這種運動的動作幅度很大,執行動作時需要高度的柔軟度與力量;在提升這些能力上,奧林匹克式舉重動作會比擲藥球的訓練更有效率。這些動作並不危險,只要你能先評估他們的身體是否有能力安全完成這些動作,事先對舉重動作進行規劃與指導,以及循序漸近地增加重量和動作難度,那麼很多顧慮都會消失。
當你能有效且適當地進行奧林匹克式舉重訓練,你會發現它的好處遠遠大於缺點。
(但作者也強調並不是每個人一開始都適合練奧林匹克式舉重動作)
一開始先別進行大量且高強度的奧林匹克式舉重訓練,最好先等到運動員們至少已經練了幾年之後才能大量的練。如果他們在早期要發展爆發力,可在運動員學習和改善舉重動作時先進行「跳躍」與「增強式訓練」。
無論什麼動作,練熟了動作的技術之後,接下來「速度」是第一位。雖然體育界很重視力量和肌肥大,但力量所表現出來的速度才是真正分出運動員實力差異的關鍵所在。
在健力(powerlifting)比賽中,動作的速度並不重要,目標是舉得更重,不管花多長時間,比賽結果只看重量。但在美式足球場上,最強壯的線鋒球員若不能迅速將力量轉化為控制對手防守球員的能力,他們就不能算是成功的進攻組球員。同理,一位能肩推數百磅重的鉛球選手,如果他不能用全身的力量來加速擲出鉛球,他也將無法把獎牌帶回家。
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#原文如下
THE OLYMPIC LIFTING CONTROVERSY
In recent years with the increasing emphasis on safety in strength training and what is termed “sport specific” training, the Olympic lifts have fallen out of favor with many strength coaches. The argument is that if you are not competing in Olympic lifting, there are better options for training explosive strength that translate more readily to sports performance, without the risks and strain inherent in rapidly moving heavy weights.
Variations of medicine ball throws or more creative exercises have taken the place of cleans, snatches, and jerks in the strength programming of many teams as coaches try to reduce those risks. In our opinion, the pendulum has swung too far away from using the movements that have consistently produced the strongest and most explosive athletes in the world.
The main goal of the Olympic lifts is to generate maximal power and explosive strength in the entire body through large ranges of motion, particularly for the lower extremities.
The differences you will most often find between the training regimen of an Olympic weightlifter and of athletes performing more “sport specific” training are that weightlifters consistently take the lower extremities through high-speed, large range-of-motion exercises. Many of the substituted movements and exercises used by a well-intentioned strength coach do not come close to demanding and developing the flexibility, coordination, and force output demanded by the weightlifting exercises.
It is true that subjecting an athlete to a full snatch or jerk with a substantial amount of weight without the proper instruction or progression will often result in injury. However, that holds true for any exercise. It is not the fault of the exercise, but rather the coach’s fault for failing to prepare the athlete to succeed.
Dynamic sports like football or basketball require suppleness and strength expressed through large ranges of motion; the Olympic lifts are more effective at facilitating those qualities than a medicine ball toss. If you assess an athlete to be physically capable of performing the movements safely and if the lifts are programmed and coached effectively and progressed in both weight and complexity, many concerns diminish.
You will discover that when implemented effectively and appropriately, the benefits of the Olympic lifts far outweigh the drawbacks.
A significantly high volume of Olympic lifting is best left to the athletes with at least a few years of training under their belts. For developing athletes such as these, the power and explosive qualities can be addressed through jumping or plyometric training as the Olympic lifts are coached and refined over time.
After mastering technical efficiency and form, no matter what the movement, speed should always be the priority. Although strength and muscle hypertrophy are important in the world of sports, the rapid expression of that strength is what separates athletes on the field of play.
In the sport of powerlifting, the speed of the movement is not critical. The goal is to lift the maximum weight, however long it takes. On the football field, the strongest linemen will rarely succeed if they cannot rapidly translate that strength to control an oncoming defender. A shot putter who can military press hundreds of pounds will not take home a medal without the ability to explosively accelerate the entire body to throw the shot.
(extracted from page 101~102)
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若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方,非常歡迎也希望各界指正!
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refined翻譯 在 Vegan Kitty Cat Facebook 的精選貼文
為什麼我吃的素食是「全食物蔬食」,而不只是純素食而已呢?
首先,「全食物蔬食」(WFPB)指的是完整、未經加工的食物,也就是從土裡長出來的真食物:蔬菜、水果、全穀物、種子、堅果等。
我14年前由葷轉蛋奶素、11年前由蛋奶素轉純素,3年多前又開始吃全食物,主要有兩個原因:一,在營養學組織NutritionFacts.org工作,每天看各種有關全食物蔬食對健康益處的影片,很難不身體力行。二,其實我天生就不喜歡吃太過沈重、油膩、鹹或甜的食物,吃下去是一種很不好的體驗。
那我是無時無刻都這樣嗎?當然不了。😛 我家裡沒有油、糖或鹽,也不會買精緻穀物,所以在家做飯的時候確實是百分之百實踐全食物蔬食。要是外食,我還是不會吃炸物,也盡量避免白米、白麵條這類的,但對油、糖或鹽就沒有這麼挑惕了。要是很想吃個vegan甜甜圈或起司蛋糕時,我也不會克制自己。重點不是要時時刻刻完美,而是讓健康飲食成為習慣,然後盡力就行了。
每個人吃素的原因都不一樣。我14年前剛開始的時候,一點也不在意健康,甚至還覺得很驕傲(「看,我只在意動物,多高貴的理由」)。不過因為我總是希望不斷提升、拓展自我,在吃素吃了十多年後,更進一步吃全食物對我來說是個挺自然的選擇。吃全食物時,我感覺到自己更有活力,思路更清晰,並且差別最大的,大概就是我的皮膚了(一吃油炸馬上爆痘痘)。同時,看到許多吃素的人因為健康出問題又回去吃肉,但其實他們的問題跟吃素不吃素一點關係都沒有,而是以不健康的加工素食為食、沒有運動習慣,或是沒有正確補充維生素B12(曾經有素食者跟我說她不用補充B12,因為她有一顆對動物的愛心......我只能說我很無語)。
如果把環境也考慮進去的話,全食物是不太需要包裝的,就是蔬菜、水果這些。我平時訂的都是一個紙箱裝滿有機蔬菜直接送上門,連包裝紙袋都沒有,然後下次訂箱子他們再收回去。買堅果則是直接拿罐子到市場去秤重裝。而反觀素漢堡排、素雞塊這類的加工食品,卻幾乎都是購買時就裝在塑膠袋裡的。大自然不是什麼身外之物,我們就是大自然的延伸,我們的健康和地球的健康是息息相關的。要是連自己的健康都不在意,該怎麼守護地球的健康?如果有任何問題,歡迎在底下評論,或是關注NutritionFacts.org的YouTube頻道,影片幾乎都有中文字幕翻譯可以選:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCddn8dUxYdgJz3Qr5mjADtA
p.s. 配圖是我去年底擔任北京的ChinaFit素食大會主持。
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Why am I mostly whole food plant-based (and not just vegan)?
First of all, “whole food plant-based” (WFPB) refers to foods that are unprocessed. So in other words, real foods that grow from the ground: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, seeds, nuts, etc.
I went mostly whole food plant-based three years ago for two reasons: 1) When you work for NutritionFacts.org and watch video after video about the health benefits of a WFPB diet, it’s hard not to walk the talk. 2) My body naturally doesn’t like foods that are too heavy, oily, salty, or sweet. It just doesn’t feel good to consume those foods.
Do I do it 100% all the time? Of course not! 😛 I don’t have oil, salt or sugar at home, and I don’t buy any refined grains. So when I cook at home, I’m 100% WFPB & SOS-free. But when I eat out, I’m more flexible with SOS. I still wouldn’t eat deep-fried foods even when I eat out, and avoid white rice or white noodles as much as I can. But when I crave a vegan donut or cheesecake, I also won’t stop myself. The point is not to do it perfectly all the time, but to make it a habit to eat healthy and just do the best you can.
People go vegan for different reasons. I didn’t care about health when I first started my vegetarian/vegan journey 14 years ago, and I was even proud of it. But I always strive to expand myself, so going WFPB seemed like a natural next step. When I eat clean, I see the difference in my level of energy, cognitive function, and most notably - my skin. I also think it’s a pity to see people who went vegan reverse back to eating meat because they encountered health issues that have nothing to do with being vegan or not, but are actually about eating healthy/real foods vs. processed junk, not supplementing correctly (B12, for example), or not maintaining an active lifestyle.
Taking the environment into consideration, unprocessed fruits and vegetables also don’t require much packaging, unlike vegan patties or nuggets that usually come wrapped in plastic. Nature is not something outside of us - we are nature, and our health is interconnected with the health of the planet. So feel free to reach out if you have any questions, or even better, follow NutritionFacts.org ❤️
refined翻譯 在 跟著開揚動吃動 Facebook 的最讚貼文
INSOMNIA LINKED TO REFINED CARBS
【INSOMNIA LINKED TO REFINED CARBS】
/【失眠與精緻碳水相關】
發表在《美國臨床營養雜誌》上一項關於停經後婦女失眠的研究結果表明,食用精製碳水化合物可能會讓你睡不著覺。
研究人員分析50,000多名參與者的飲食日記,發現高血糖飲食與失眠之間的聯繫,可以歸因於攝取精製碳水化合物後血糖快速上升。(例如添加的糖,白麵包,白米飯)
血糖升高會導致人體釋放胰島素和其他激素(如腎上腺素和皮質醇),從而干擾睡眠。
該研究還發現,飲食中蔬菜,纖維和完整水果含量較高的女性失眠的可能性較小。
📌儘管該研究主要針對停經後婦女,但碳水化合物對血糖的影響對大多數人來說都是明確的,並表明該研究具有更廣泛的應用。
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📍精緻糖類還有什麼害處?
我們下集見!
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▫️文章來源: https://www.ideafit.com/nutrition/insomnia-linked-to-refined-carbs/
#失眠 #精緻糖類 #飲食 #健身 #知識 #知識文 #健康 #翻譯 #運動科學 #insomnia #fitness #fitnessknowledge #article #translation #study #exercisescience #health #healthy #ACE #ACEfamily #fitlife #instafitness #instanutrient #cyfitlife #cyftranslation
refined翻譯 在 Elaine Hau Youtube 的精選貼文
Please check out my business Luxury Fashion Rentals, a luxury handbag rental e-commerce website: https://luxuryfashionrentals.com
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**这不是一个赞助的视频和谢谢Refined Fashion送我这些漂亮的两套西服。
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refined翻譯 在 GreatKidsLearning Youtube 的最佳貼文
感遇二 唐詩欣賞- 張九齡(Tang poetry appreciation) 五言古詩
張九齡作〈感遇〉以抒發過去遭遇而生的種種感慨。感於所遇,託物寄慨,表達了不求人知、堅貞清高的氣節。
中文原文﹕
蘭葉春葳蕤,桂華秋皎潔;
欣欣此生意,自爾為佳節。
誰知林棲者,聞風坐相悅。
草木有本心,何求美人折?
英文翻譯 / English Translation﹕ by Betty Tseng
In spring orchid leaves flourish,
In autumn cinnamon trees blossom brightly.
Such exhibition of vitality
Portrays seasons lively.
How hermits in the woods
In these prospects take delight.
The verdure knows to natural instincts keep,
Why would it wish for discovery by the refined?
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