你喜歡的歌手、運動員、演員是黑人嗎?
你喜歡聽爵士音樂、嘻哈音樂、街頭服飾、塗鴉文化嗎?
這些都是非裔美籍人士的文化。
我們受惠於他們,就應該了解什麼是 #BlackLivesMatter
https://www.facebook.com/100003492622225/posts/2828196297306763/?d=n
Black Lives Matter FAQ - 從台灣的角度了解 #BLM
最近全球有一些人權相關的事件及紀念日,可以藉機思考我們每個人是如何無形中參與及改變社會中種種現象。其中,Black Lives Matter 運動引起了全世界的關注,很多人在社群網站及現實生活中紛紛表述關心,網上也有很多資料提供援助或分析此事件。
各地亞洲人也開始討論 #BLM 跟亞裔群體的關聯及相似點 -- 如香港、新加坡、印尼巴布亞等地的情況,但單純從台灣的角度討論 #BLM 的文章似乎少之又少。
種族歧視一直以來都是一個全球性的問題。就算台灣是個種族同質性很高的國家,排外 (xenophobia)、種族歧視 (racism)、膚色歧視 (colourism)、白人至上 (white supremacy) 等等問題在台灣文化中仍十分顯著 -- 對國外審美標準的執著、崇洋媚外的舉動、對不同文化跟語言背景的人產生偏見... 都是現實生活中很常見的例子。
台灣雖然與 #BLM 地理距離比較遙遠,但還是可以關心這個持續上百年的議題及從中檢視自己所在社會中相似的問題。
Aurora Chang 跟我只是貢獻小小的力量彙整這個簡單的FAQ,網路上還有許多詳細的資訊以便深入了解更多BLM及相關人權運動的消息。我們兩個並不是完全土生土長的台灣人,所以文化理解上不一定完全正確,但我們也都還在學習,所以也歡迎跟我們分享討論哦!
With the many human rights issues and memorial days around the globe this past week, it is a good time to reflect on how each one of us contributes to the system and norms that allow some of the ugliest realities in the world today.
One of the loudest campaigns is the Black Lives Matter movement, which is not a trend nor an Instagram challenge, but a cry for basic human rights which should not even be happening today. The #BLM movement was widely spread through various forms of media, urging people to partake in the action or at least have some awareness.
However, the silence (and even ridicule) from Taiwan is deafening. Less than a handful of articles/threads/posts articulate the #BLM movement and racism from a Taiwanese perspective. Hence Aurora Chang and I decided to make this simple FAQ as a tiny effort to raise awareness of this issue from a Taiwanese context.
Yes, the #BLM movement may not directly affect lives in Taiwan, but we could look at our own backyard before criticising other countries — though Taiwan is mostly regarded as a racially homogenous nation, discrimination, xenophobia, and white supremacy are still very prevalent and embedded in parts of the Taiwanese culture. Obsession with specific beauty standards, idolisation of the West, and the determination of social statuses by cultural backgrounds or certain linguistic skills are just a few examples that I can recall vividly from my period of upbringing in Taiwan.
It is a privilege to be ignorant of #BLM and racism, but it is ignorant to abuse this privilege by turning a blind eye on it. Although Taiwan is oceans away from the countries where #BLM is most pressing, we could start conversations about #BLM and racism right where we are.
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Do note that neither of us was raised entirely in Taiwan, so our understanding of the Taiwanese culture may be a little inaccurate. Nevertheless, just as everyone else on this topic, we are always keen to educate ourselves and discuss more about the issue, and we encourage you to observe and talk about it, too!
Let’s strive to become a better nation together :)
同時也有10000部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2,910的網紅コバにゃんチャンネル,也在其Youtube影片中提到,...
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social issue例子 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最讚貼文
[時事英文] 到底是 「 All Lives Matter」還是 「 Black Lives Matter」?
All lives can only matter when black lives matter.
唯有當黑人的生命得到同等的重視,我們才能說「所有人」的命都很重要。
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《CNBC》報導:
Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos on Friday expressed support for the Black Lives Matter movement by posting an email exchange with an upset customer.
1. express support 表達支持
2. the Black Lives Matter movement 「黑人的命也是命」運動
3. an email exchange 通信
4. an upset customer 憤怒的顧客
週五,亞馬遜執行長貝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)發布了一封其與一名憤怒的顧客互通的電子郵件,來表達對「Black Lives Matter」運動的支持。
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In an Instagram post, Bezos posted a screenshot of an email from a customer who said it was “disturbing” and “offensive” that Amazon posted a message on its website in solidarity with the movement. The customer, whose name was blurred, wrote “ALL LIVES MATTER!”
5. post a screenshot 發布一張截圖
6. disturbing and offensive 讓人心煩且令人作嘔的
7. in solidarity with 聲援⋯⋯;與⋯⋯一致
8. All lives matter. 所有人的命都是命。
在 Instagram 的貼文中,貝佐斯發布了一封來自顧客電子郵件的截圖,該顧客稱亞馬遜在官網上聲援此項運動的訊息是「使人心煩」且「令人作嘔的」。該名顧客(姓氏已被塗黑)寫道——「所有人的命都是命!」
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Critics of the Black Lives Matter movement often seek to counter the phrase by saying “all lives matter” or “blue lives matter,” referencing fallen police officers.
9. seek to counter 伺機反駁
10. reference (v.) 論及
11. fallen police officers 殉職的警察
批評「Black Lives Matter」運動的人通常會以「all lives matter」或「blue lives matter」——係指殉職的警察——來伺機反駁此項運動。
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“I have to disagree with you,” Bezos replied.″
"'Black Lives Matter' doesn’t mean other lives don’t matter. Black lives matter speaks to racism and the disproportionate risk that Black people face in our law enforcement and justice system.”
12. speak to sth 談論…
13. a disproportionate risk 過高的風險
14. the law enforcement and justice system 執法與司法系統
「我無法同意你,」貝佐斯回覆道。「說『Black Lives Matter』並不表示其他人的命就不重要。Black Lives Matter 指責了種族歧視,以及黑人在我們的執法與司法系統中所面臨的過高風險。」
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Unlike black parents, Bezos said, he will never have to worry that his son “might be choked to death while being detained one day.” He added that he supports the recent protests around police brutality.
“I want you to know I support this movement that we see happening all around us and my stance won’t change,” he added.
15. never have to worry about 永遠無須擔心⋯⋯
16. be choked to death 被掐死;窒息而死
17. be detained 被拘留
18. support the recent protest 支持近期的抗議活動
19. police brutality 警察暴行
20. stance (n.) 立場
貝佐斯說,與黑人父母不同,他永遠無須擔心自己的兒子「可能在某日被拘留時會窒息而死」。他也表示,他支持近日抗議警察暴行的活動。
「我希望你知道我支持這項運動,因為我們重視自身周圍所發生的一切,而我的立場不會改變。」他補充道。
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批評此次運動最常見的四種論述如下:
1. All lives matter, not only black ones.
所有人的命都是命,並非只有黑人的命才是命。
Of course all lives matter! We can address racial discrimination towards all races, poverty, injustice, and other social issues at any time, but the focus now is on the Black Lives Matter movement.
When there is intense public scrutiny of social issues, it gives governments the motivation and support they need to address these issues. Moreover, by focusing on Black Lives Matter at the moment, we are able to examine underlying factors such as wealth inequality, indirect discrimination, and other injustices, all of which affect all races! The Black Lives Matter movement calls attention to these underlying issues.
這點絕對毋庸置疑!我們雖可同時處理因種族、貧困、不公不義以及其他社會問題所帶來的種族歧視,惟現階段的重點乃在於「Black Lives Matter」。當大眾格外關注某一議題時,將能提供政府解決問題所需的動力與支持。此外,藉由「Black Lives Matter」運動,我們便能檢視財富不平等、間接歧視以及其他的不公不義,以裨益所有群體。「Black Lives Matter」運動喚起了大眾對這些問題的關注。
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2. Discrimination and prejudice exist everywhere. Protesting will only make things worse.
歧視與偏見無所不在,抗議活動只會讓事情變得更糟。
Nearly all the rights we possess today are founded on the sacrifices of the generations before us through hundreds if not thousands of years of civil movements and reforms. Voicing injustice and grievances is an effective way to help our society become aware of social issues and take action. A recent example is the discrimination against Asian Americans in the US. If they had not spoken up against discrimination, there would not be sufficient public pressure to condemn those who wrongly pin the blame of the pandemic on them.
當代公民所擁有的權利,大多是藉由公民運動以及逐步改革所爭取來的。對不公不義表達不滿,有助於我們的社會意識到相關問題,並有所作為。最近的一個例子是,美國人對亞裔美國人的歧視。若亞裔美國人未於疫情期間對抗歧視,那麼輿論就不會譴責那些將疫情歸咎於他們的人。
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3. George Floyd had a criminal past. Why wasn’t this reported?
喬治・佛洛依德有犯罪紀錄,為什麼這些沒有被報導?
Video footage shows that Floyd was not behaving in a violent manner during his arrest, was not armed, and was not suspected of a violent crime. The claim that his criminal past was not reported is false as it was covered by the Guardian, NPR, and other press. Some news outlets might not have published this because past events have no bearing on how George Floyd was detained and treated. Some might also easily conflate these events and not focus on the current movement.
影片顯示,弗洛伊德被捕時手無寸鐵,沒有暴力行為,也未涉及暴力犯罪。有些人說美國媒體並未報導弗洛伊德的犯罪過往,但這種說法是錯的。實際上,《衛報》、美國公共廣播電臺以及其他媒體都有作過相關報導。部分媒體之所以沒有報導,是因為弗洛伊德的過往與他被捕後窒息而死的事件無關。若也對其進行報導,易使人產生不當的聯想,而模糊運動的焦點。
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4. The government has not done anything wrong. Those who support the Black Lives Matter movement are condoning rioting and looting.
政府並沒有做錯事。那些支持「Black Lives Matter」運動的人,正在縱容暴亂與搶劫的發生。
A democratic government exists to serve the people, but citizens in democracies must also agree to abide by the rules and obligations by which they are governed. Democracies grant many freedoms to their citizens, including the freedom to dissent and criticize the government.
When a government violates the fundamental human rights of its citizens, it is the civic responsibility of citizens to protest and redress these infringements and violations. Unfortunately, some are so frustrated with the inaction of the government that they will resort to violence to make themselves heard. There are also some who take the opportunity to benefit themselves through rioting and looting. Such actions should be condemned to the full extent of the law.
民主政府的存在乃為人民服務,而民主國家的公民也須遵守自身義務以及政府訂定的法規。民主國家保障公民自由,包括表達異議與批評政府的權利。當政府違反或侵犯公民的基本人權時,抗議並糾正這些侵權行為是公民的權利與責任。不幸的是,也有部分的人會藉機行搶與暴動,以謀取自身利益。此種行為應受到法律全面的制裁。
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It is common to base on our opinion of a complex issue on our own biases and tidbits of information provided by mainstream news outlets. However, for us to resolve any complex issue, we must seek to understand, analyze, and evaluate these issues in depth from multiple perspectives. While current social problems are difficult to solve, they present a chance for us to come together and change the world for the better!
通常,我們會將自身觀點與主流媒體所提供的資訊相結合,來形成我們對複雜問題的看法。然而,要解決任何複雜的問題,仍須從他人的角度來深入理解、分析與評估。即便此一議題頗為棘手,但仍為我們提供了一個得以團結一致的機會,讓世界變得更加美好!
欲閱讀更多相關資訊,請點擊以下連結:
我們該如何理解美國的種族不平等
https://bit.ly/30fB4LP
美國暴警引發示威
https://bit.ly/36LsMMR
黑人鄰居,高犯罪率?
https://bit.ly/37neUbV
對亞裔的歧視
https://bit.ly/3cr5wps
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相關資訊:
What is Black Lives Matter?
https://www.voanews.com/usa/what-black-lives-matter
Ethics Questions NPR Must Answer
https://n.pr/2XMmda1
Risk of being killed by police use of force in the United States
https://www.pnas.org/content/116/34/16793
Are blacks to blame for cops' actions?
https://bit.ly/2UqHT9G
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Crime
https://bit.ly/37neUbV
Can Black Lives Matter & Law Enforcement See Eye To Eye?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S6rDvbQ-mz4
Let's get to the root of racial injustice
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-aCn72iXO9s
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新聞來源:https://cnb.cx/37db2dG
圖片來源:https://bit.ly/2AMrOE8
social issue例子 在 蘇浩 Anthony So Facebook 的精選貼文
網上又有「藍能否變黃」的第N回討論。其實當然有成功例子啦。
被催淚彈殻射到爆缸仍記掛著翌日能否帶女友和未來外母去旅行。這是個可歌可泣的愛情故事。
Crowdfunding for the project《Wounds of Hong Kong 港傷》https://bit.ly/2WuNqw2
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*for English please scroll down
雄仔(化名) 護士 31歲
2019年11月8日深夜,雄仔與女朋友路過旺角惠豐中心,遇上市民與防暴警對峙。他倆看見警察有異動,正想離開現場,但警方已開始發射催淚彈。彈殻擦過雄仔的頭部,即時血流如注,留下3cm的縫針疤痕。
「講起就激氣(光火),在前線受傷我反而開心。」當時旺角街頭有防暴警察列陣,市民向他們叫罵,「都係『撚狗』(調侃警察)。」然而「撚狗」會令警察暴怒,繼而報復,「現在他們把催淚彈當子彈用啦。」雄仔褂彩,同為護士的女朋友嚇得哭了,但他仍然冷靜,心想:「仆街了(靠)!明天還能飛嗎?」
因為參與抗爭,加上工時長,雄仔自6月以來都沒有好好陪伴女朋友,「她也是黃絲,覺得不應該拿這些事來詐型(發難),藏在心裏,但你會感受到她的不滿。」計劃已久的小旅行算是補償,還要帶著未來外母同遊,「始終是女孩,需要陪伴、關心,要有拍拖活動。」他去醫院縫針後,翌日按計劃出發。
雄仔的女友和家人知道他有上街遊行,卻不知道他是「家長」,助養了9名只有10幾歲的「子女」。8月18日的大型遊行,他到達終點後轉入夏愨道,看看有何事發生,「有人呼召社工,有個小朋友在哭、嚷著要自殺,因為屋企是藍絲。我想,我應該可以幫忙。」雄仔就此成為「家長」。子女又介紹其他子女,漸漸膝下承歡。
除了提供情緒支援,雄仔也為子女提供零用錢,「『文具』 好貴,我常叫他們以安全為先,有事就棄裝,再買過。」「仔女都好生性。要把塞錢偷偷攝入gear(抗爭裝備),怕他們不肯要。」「文具」就是防毒面具和濾罐,每套大約1000港元,「我有工作,可以撐住,只是花了積蓄,對不起女友啦。」至今他已花了6、7萬元在子女身上,「她知道我花了1000元都肉赤到死(心疼得要死),怎敢跟她說?」
需要接濟的少年很多來自建制家庭,因為政見而被斷糧草、甚至斷六親。 若雄仔晚生十幾年,他很可能是其中之一,「我爸是紅底。自細他就跟我說票投民建聯(親北京政黨),不然就脫離父子關係。」2016年立法會新界東補選,他仍是投民建聯的周浩鼎,2014年雨傘運動當然沒有參與,「之前的抗爭關於政制,可能我未感受到對人生自由有重大威脅。實行雙普選需要時間,香港社會始終未成熟。」直到政府強推《逃犯條例》修訂,他才感到刀刃在脖子上,「明明是一國兩制, 可以引渡逃犯,就會造成破窗。事事都要跟大陸接軌,要引入計分制(社會信用評分制度)嗎?」怕中港區隔蕩然無存。
在2019年11月的區議會選舉,雄仔首次「倒戈」,「大氣候是分顏色(政治立場)投票。我也不相信泛民主派,不信有救世主,但我就是要建制派輸。雖然我仍然覺以地區事務而言,建制派做到的比反對派多。」因為官僚樂於賣人情予建制派。雄仔有個親戚曾購買私煙,遇著海關放蛇,因為數量頗多,有轉售的嫌疑,房屋署以從事非法勾當為理由,想收回他的公屋單位。後來由建制派區議員出面求情,才得以過關,「如果找泛民議員幫手,房署不會給他面子。」
雄仔與家人住在狹小的公屋單位,因為要收藏大量「文具」,近月已搬到朋友家中。他與女友關係穩定,卻未想過同居,「租金貴,如果可以搬出來,就可以結婚啦。」「我女友很依賴、很需要照顧。待這件事(抗爭)完結再談吧,不然應付不了。她去旅行連目的地都不知道,帶行李去機場就是了。我計劃好行程,她便跟著我走。」
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Hung(alias) 31 years old Nurse
In the middle of the night of November 8th, 2019, Hung and his girlfriend passed by Wai Fung Plaza in Mongkok and stumbled upon a confrontation between citizens and the riot police. The police fired tear gas bombs when the two started to leave. Hung was hit by a bullet case on his head, leaving a three-centimeter long scar.
“I get so mad every time I talk about this incident. It would have been worthwhile if I was injured at the frontline in a protest,” said Hung. At the time, there were riot police on the streets of Mong Kok. The public was yelling and having arguments with them. That made the police angry, so they retaliated. “Nowadays, the riot police use tear gas bombs as bullets,” said Hung. Hung’s girlfriend, a nurse, was crying from fear when he was hit. However, Hung was calm, only worrying about if he would need to cancel their trip for the day after.
Because of his participation in protests and long working hours, Hung hadn’t spent much time with his girlfriend since June. “She is also a pro-democracy supporter so she understands and never complains, but I knew she was upset about me not spending enough time with her. The get-away trip we had planned was considered to be ‘compensation’ for her. We were also taking my future mother-in-law with us. As a girl, I understand she wants company, care, and time from her boyfriend,” said Hung. After getting stitches at the hospital for his wound, Hung went on the trip.
Hung’s girlfriend and his family know that he participates in protests, but they don’t know he is also a “parent” who helps “raise” 9 teenagers. On the protest on August 18th, he was at Harcourt Road after the end of the protest. He heard someone calling for a social worker. A kid was crying and saying he wanted to commit suicide because his parents are pro-establishment supporters. Hung thought he could do something to help. That’s how he became a “parent” and ended up helping more kids.
In addition to providing emotional support, Hung also helps them financially by giving them money. “ ‘Stationery’ is expensive. I always remind them that safety is the first priority. They should leave their gear behind if they need to run. They can always repurchase their gear. These are good kids, and they don’t always accept my offers, so I need to secretly hide money into their gear for them,” said Hung. The ‘stationery’ is actually protective gear like gas masks and filter canisters. Each set costs approximately HK$1,000. “I have a job, so I can afford them. I spent my savings, so it made me feel bad for my girlfriend, as I didn’t tell her exactly how much I had spent on the kids,” said Hung. Until now, Hung had already spent over HK$60,000 to HK$70,000.
Most of the kids Hung helps are from pro-establishment families. Having different political views, these kids don’t get support from their families and are left with no money and no place to stay. Hung thinks if he were born ten years later, he could have been one of these kids. “My father is an extreme Beijing-backed establishment supporter. He has told me to vote for Democratic Alliance for the Betterment (DAB), a pro-Beijing party since I was a kid. Otherwise, he would disown me,” said Hung. Up until the 2016 New Territories East by-election in the Legislative Council, he still voted for DAB’s Chow Ho-ding, Holden. Of course, he didn’t participate in the Umbrella Movement in 2014. He said the previous protests were about the political system, so he might not have felt a major threat to his freedom then. “It took time to implement universal suffrage, and Hong Kong wasn’t ready.” It wasn’t until the government forced the revision of the “Fugitive Offenders Ordinance” that he finally realized, “If the one country two systems could extradite the fugitives, this change would become a breaking point, with everything in line with the mainland China.”
In the November 2019 District Council election, it was Hung’s first time he didn’t vote for the DAB, “Voters voted based on their political stance. I don’t believe the pan-democrats but I don’t want the pro-establishment parties to win either. Although I still feel that in terms of local affairs, the pro-establishment parties had done more,” said Hung, since the bureaucrats are willing to give favors to the pro-establishment parties. For example, a relative of Hung was caught buying illegal cigarettes, he was suspected of reselling them. The Housing Department wanted to take back his public housing unit on the grounds of engaging in illegal activities. Later, it was the district councilor of the pro-establishment party that helped resolve the issue.
Hung and his family live in a tiny public housing unit, which doesn’t allow him to keep all the ‘stationery’ there, so he moved in with his friend. But he never thought about moving in with his girlfriend. “Rent is expensive. If we could afford to move out, we would get married. She is very dependent and needs to be taken care of. We will wait and talk about marriage later until the civil rights protests are over,” said Hung.
攝 photo:高仲明 Ko Chung Ming
文 text:蔡慧敏 Choi Wai Man
譯 translate:Joanna Ng
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