🇩🇰 這是一篇深度報導,來自歐洲現存最古老的報紙:丹麥Weekendavisen,題目是從香港抗爭運動、香港聯繫加泰羅尼亞的集會,前瞻全球大城市的「永久革命」。一篇報導訪問了世界各地大量學者,我也在其中,雖然只是每人一句,加在一起,卻有了很完整的圖像。
以下為英譯:
Protest! The demonstrations in Hong Kong were just the beginning. Now there are unrest in big cities from Baghdad to Barcelona. Perhaps the stage is set for something that could look like a permanent revolution in the world's big cities.
A world on the barricades
At the end of October, an hour after dark, a group of young protesters gathered at the Chater Garden Park in Hong Kong. Some of them wore large red and yellow flags. The talk began and the applause filled the warm evening air. There were slogans of independence, and demands of self-determination - from Spain. For the protest was in sympathy with the Catalan independence movement.
At the same time, a group of Catalan protesters staged a protest in front of the Chinese Consulate in Barcelona in favor of Hong Kong's hope for more democracy. The message was not to be mistaken: We are in the same boat. Or, as Joshua Wong, one of the leading members of the Hong Kong protest movement, told the Catalan news agency: "The people of Hong Kong and Catalonia both deserve the right to decide their own destiny."
For much of 2019, Hong Kong's streets have been ravaged by fierce protests and a growing desperation on both sides, with escalating violence and vandalism ensuing. But what, do observers ask, if Hong Kong is not just a Chinese crisis, but a warning of anger that is about to break out globally?
Each week brings new turmoil from an unexpected edge. In recent days, attention has focused on Chile. Here, more than 20 people have lost their lives in unrest, which has mainly been about unequal distribution of economic goods. Before then, the unrest has hit places as diverse as Lebanon and the Czech Republic, Bolivia and Algeria, Russia and Sudan.
With such a geographical spread, it is difficult to bring the protests to any sort of common denominator, but they all reflect a form of powerlessness so acute that traditional ways of speaking do not seem adequate.
Hardy Merriman, head of research at the International Center for Nonviolent Conflict in Washington, is not in doubt that it is a real wave of protest and that we have not seen the ending yet.
"I have been researching non-violent resistance for 17 years, and to me it is obvious that there are far more popular protest movements now than before. Often the protests have roots in the way political systems work. Elsewhere, it is about welfare and economic inequality or both. The two sets of factors are often related, ”he says.
Economic powerlessness
Hong Kong is a good example of this. The desire among the majority of Hong Kong's seven million residents to maintain an independent political identity vis-à-vis the People's Republic of China is well known, but the resentment of the streets is also fueled by a sense of economic powerlessness. Hong Kong is one of the most unequal communities in the world, and especially the uneven access to the real estate market is causing a stir.
According to Lee Chun-wing, a sociologist at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, the turmoil in the city is not just facing Beijing, but also expressing a daunting showdown with the neoliberal economy, which should diminish the state's role and give the market more influence, but in its real form often ends with the brutal arbitrariness of jungle law.
'The many protests show that neoliberalism is unable to instill hope in many. And as one of the world's most neoliberal cities, Hong Kong is no exception. While the protests here are, of course, primarily political, there is no doubt that social polarization and economic inequality make many young people not afraid to participate in more radical protests and do not care whether they are accused of damage economic growth, 'he says.
The turmoil is now so extensive that it can no longer be dismissed as a coincidence. Something special and significant is happening. As UN Secretary General António Guterres put it last week, it would be wrong to stare blindly at the superficial differences between the factors that get people on the streets.
“There are also common features that are recurring across the continents and should force us to reflect and respond. It is clear that there is growing distrust between the people and the political elites and growing threats to the social contract. The world is struggling with the negative consequences of globalization and the new technologies that have led to growing inequality in individual societies, "he told reporters in New York.
Triggered by trifles
In many cases, the riots have been triggered by questions that may appear almost trivial on the surface. In Chile, there was an increase in the price of the capital's subway equivalent to 30 Danish cents, while in Lebanon there were reports of a tax on certain services on the Internet. In both places, it was just the reason why the people have been able to express a far more fundamental dissatisfaction.
In a broad sense, there are two situations where a population is rebelling, says Paul Almeida, who teaches sociology at the University of California, Merced. The first is when more opportunities suddenly open up and conditions get better. People are getting hungry for more and trying to pressure their politicians to give even more concessions.
“But then there is also the mobilization that takes place when people get worse. That seems to be the overall theme of the current protests, even in Hong Kong. People are concerned about various kinds of threats they face. It may be the threat of inferior economic conditions, or it may be a more political threat of erosion of rights. But the question is why it is happening right now. That's the 10,000-kroner issue, ”says Almeida.
Almeida, who has just published the book Social Movements: The Structure of Social Mobilization, even gives a possible answer. A growing authoritarian, anti-democratic flow has spread across the continents and united rulers in all countries, and among others it is the one that has now triggered a reaction in the peoples.
“There is a tendency for more use of force by the state power. If we look at the death toll in Latin America, they are high considering that the countries are democracies. This kind of violence is not usually expected in democratic regimes in connection with protests. It is an interesting trend and may be related to the authoritarian flow that is underway worldwide. It's worth watching, 'he says.
The authoritarian wave
Politologists Anna Lürhmann and Staffan Lindberg from the University of Gothenburg describe in a paper published earlier this year a "third autocratic wave." Unlike previous waves, for example, in the years before World War II, when democracy was beaten under great external drama , the new wave is characterized by creeping. It happens little by little - in countries like Turkey, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Hungary and Russia - at such a slow pace that you barely notice it.
Even old-fashioned autocrats nowadays understand the language of democracy - the only acceptable lingua franca in politics - and so the popular reaction does not happen very often when it becomes clear at once that the electoral process itself is not sufficient to secure democratic conditions. Against this backdrop, Kenneth Chan, a politician at Hong Kong Baptist University, sees the recent worldwide wave of unrest as an expression of the legitimacy crisis of the democratic regimes.
“People have become more likely to take the initiative and take part in direct actions because they feel that they have not made the changes they had hoped for through the elections. In fact, the leaders elected by the peoples are perceived as undermining the institutional guarantees of citizens' security, freedom, welfare and rights. As a result, over the past decade, we have seen more democracies reduced to semi-democracies, hybrid regimes and authoritarian regimes, ”he says.
"Therefore, we should also not be surprised by the new wave of resistance from the people. On the surface, the spark may be a relatively innocent or inconsiderate decision by the leadership, but people's anger quickly turns to what they see as the cause of the democratic deroute, that is, an arrogant and selfish leadership, a weakened democratic control, a dysfunctional civil society. who are no longer able to speak on behalf of the people. ”The world is changing. Anthony Ince, a cardiff at Cardiff University who has researched urban urban unrest, sees the uprisings as the culmination of long-term nagging discontent and an almost revolutionary situation where new can arise.
"The wider context is that the dominant world order - the global neoliberalism that has dominated since the 1980s - is under pressure from a number of sides, creating both uncertainty and at the same time the possibility of change. People may feel that we are in a period of uncertainty, confusion, anxiety, but perhaps also hope, ”he says.
Learning from each other.
Apart from mutual assurances of solidarity the protest movements in between, there does not appear to be any kind of coordination. But it may not be necessary either. In a time of social media, learning from each other's practices is easy, says Simon Shen, a University of Hong Kong political scientist.
“They learn from each other at the tactical level. Protesters in Hong Kong have seen what happened in Ukraine through YouTube, and now protesters in Catalonia and Lebanon are taking lessons from Hong Kong. It's reminiscent of 1968, when baby boomers around the globe were inspired by an alternative ideology to break down rigid hierarchies, 'he says.
But just as the protest movements can learn from each other, the same goes for their opponents. According to Harvard political scientist Erica Chenoweth, Russia has been particularly active in trying to establish cooperation with other authoritarian regimes, which feel threatened by riots in the style of the "color revolutions" on the periphery of the old Soviet empire at the turn of the century.
"It has resulted in joint efforts between Russian, Chinese, Iranian, Venezuelan, Belarusian, Syrian and other national authorities to develop, systematize and report on techniques and practices that have proved useful in trying to contain such threats," writes Chenoweth in an article in the journal Global Responsibility to Protect.
Max Fisher and Amanda Taub, commentators at the New York Times, point to the social media as a double-edged sword. Not only are Twitter and Facebook powerful weapons in the hands of tech-savvy autocrats. They are also of questionable value to the protesting grass roots. With WhatsApp and other new technologies, it is possible to mobilize large numbers of interested and almost-interested participants in collective action. But they quickly fall apart again.
The volatile affiliation is one of the reasons why, according to a recent survey, politically motivated protests today only succeed in reaching their targets in 30 percent of cases. A generation ago, the success rate was 70 percent. Therefore, unrest often recurs every few years, and they last longer, as Hong Kong is an example of. Perhaps the scene is set for something that might resemble a permanent revolution in the world's big cities - a kind of background noise that other residents will eventually just get used to.
"Since there is still no obvious alternative to neoliberalism, the polarization that led to the protests initially will probably continue to apply," says Lee of Hong Kong Polytechnic University. "At the same time, this means that the anger and frustration will continue to rumble in society."
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【玳瑚師父客人見證】《「八」見玳瑚師父》
THE EIGHT TIMES I MET MASTER DAI HU
(English version below)
文 / 李秋蓮 Written by Miss Lee Chew Lian
我是在二零一七年二月十一日的茶會,第一次見到玳瑚師父。那天正好是元宵節,茶會叫《元宵節風生水起茶會》。記得第一次看到師父在臉書的照片,我對他的印象不是很好,因為他的樣貌,讓我想起曾經對我不好的一位老板。後來見到他之後,才知道是我先入為主。玳瑚師父跟那位老板比起來,簡直是一個天一個地!
第一次見到師父讓我感覺到他有一股正能量,心裡就有種高興見到他的感覺。那天,他也很耐心的回答我的很多疑問。因為是第一次見到他很多禮儀我都不懂,他也有耐心的教我們。我記得他當天對我們說的第一句話,就是禮貌的重要性。
見到師父一定要向他合掌,說聲「阿彌陀佛」,鞠躬說聲:「玳瑚師父好。」,請大家切記。因為他畢竟是個修行人,所以對他有基本禮貌很重要,這樣也對你好。
當天,師父分析了我們家庭成員今年的運程。他也傳授了我們應該吃的、喝的、穿的一些知識。一場茶會,真是令我收穫無窮,正如他說他不收費,我們只需要點飲料或著食物。剛好當時是新年期間,所以也包了紅包向師父拜年。他說使用一個地方,一定要消費,因為不消費,就如佔人家便宜。我覺得很有道理。佔人家便宜會折福啊!
當天師父也對我說,我遇見他過後的日子將像柑橘一樣甜。我寫這見證,是五月十日,也就是衛塞節。我認識他已經三個月了。果然我的生活比認識他之前快樂一些,還接到好幾份工作,月薪也比以前多。這要靠我自己的努力去找,也是因為他鼓勵我要有貢獻。
第二次見到師父是在二月二十八日。那場餐會叫《餐桌的奧秘》。我得到有關餐桌的知識後,就馬上回家處理我的餐桌。睡覺的時候,就突然覺得肚子松了一下,原本腫脹的肚子好了很多。我也聽師父的話,把毛巾移去別處,原本有很多粉刺的身體部位也有好轉。沒想到餐桌與毛巾有這麼大的奧秘。對了!師父不只是分享有關的題目,他也把很多善知識都授於我們。
第三次見到師父是在三月四日。那場餐會叫《電飯鍋和熱水壺的奧祕》。師父當天分享了我們應該怎麼用電飯鍋和熱水壺。我原本是想,這麼不起眼的東西也能幫助我們嗎?我一樣聽了師父的話,當天就下載指南針應用軟件,找對的方向用熱水壺。隔天就開始煮飯,電飯鍋放對的方向。兩天後就開始有好幾個家長找我教他們的孩子。整個三月,就開始收很多新學生,忙到連好幾場餐會想去都不能去!
我總共去了八場餐會,都是獲益無窮的。
第七次見到師父是在四月十一日。那場餐會叫《桃花舞春風餐會》。我收到了一束花。那天正好有一位女子送師父花,可是她因為某些原因不能把花帶回家,所以師父就把花轉讓給我。我隔天就去買水桶,把花放進水裡拿來沖涼。後來,在電話中,師父跟我提起,把加持的花拿來沖涼可以治皮膚病。我當天就發現,一直發癢的某個身體部位已經不癢了!是的,如果您送師父花,他會把功德迴向給您,然後加持您送的花之後,讓您帶回家沖涼。
第八次見到師父是在四月十九日。那場餐會叫《圓滿父母親節餐會》。當天我因為忘記帶手機,而找不到他們還跑回家。可是,師父後來還是很慈悲的讓我繼續參加餐會。當天也是我看到師父最有慈悲心的一面。他很細心的教導我們如何為父母慶祝父母親節,還讓我更了解我父母是怎樣的人。他也解說,最大的孝不是帶他們吃喝玩樂,而是準備他們死後要去的路。這雖然對很多人而言是很不吉利的,可是對我而言,因為曾經有想過應該如何面對死亡,所以很清楚我們每一個人都要面對死亡的。我也有在想怎樣為自己死亡的路做準備,怎樣面對父母離開的那一天,所以師父的話我很贊成。過後,我就一直鼓勵我母親閱讀師父的文章,因為我覺得他的文章可以幫助她與很多人。我父親沒有臉書,我就買了師父的書給他閱讀。
我自己也還會重讀師父的一些文章,因為每一次的領悟都不一樣。
師父雖然是嚴肅,可是都是為了教好我們。認識他三個月,我認為他慈悲多過嚴肅。
.....................
I first met Master Dai Hu during a tea session on 11 Feb 2017. It was on The Lantern Festival. The tea session was called Lantern Festival Prosperity Tea Session. When I first saw Master Dai Hu's photo from his Facebook, he gave me a bad impression. This was because his looks resembled my ex-boss, who used to treat me badly. After I met Master Dai Hu, I realise I had judged a person by his looks. Master Dai Hu is very different from the ex-boss!
I can sense great loving energy from Master, and a tinge of happiness when I first met him. That day he was very patient to answer a lot of my questions. Since that was the first time I met him, I did not know much etiquette, which he taught us patiently. I remembered the first thing he shared with us that day was the importance of good manners.
When you see Master, you must press your palms together, say "Amituofo" bow before him and greet him "Hello, Master Dai Hu". Please remember this. It is because he is a Buddhist practitioner, so we have to be well mannered to him. Doing so is good for you too.
That day, Master analysed the luck cycles for all the family members this year. He also taught us what to eat, drink and wear. It was a huge harvest from one tea session. True to his words, Master did not charge any fee. We just had to order food or drinks. As that day was still within the Chinese New Year period, I also gave a red packet to wish Master well. He said we have to spend, in order to use a space in the restaurant, because if we do not spend a single cent, it would be taking advantage of the restaurant. I felt what he said was right. Taking advantage of others will take away our merits!
On that day, Master also said that after meeting him, the rest of my days would be as sweet as the mandarin oranges. As I wrote this, on 10th May 2017 and also Vesak Day, I have known Master for 3 months. Indeed my life was happier than before I knew him, I even received a few jobs and my monthly pay had increased. All these were due to my hard work to go and find the jobs, and thanks to Master for encouraging me to contribute to the society.
The second time I met Master was on 28th February. The dinner was called The Feng Shui Power of Your Dining Table. After I received the knowledge of dining table, I immediately went home to clear my dining table. When I was sleeping, I felt my stomach loosen. My bloated stomach problem was improving. I also listened to Master to move my towel to another place, part of my body which once was full of blackheads improved. I never know that the dining table and the towel got such a great knowledge to them. And yes! Master will share a lot of knowledge, which is not limited to the topic on that day too.
The third time I met Master was on 4th March. That dinner session was called The Secret Powers of the Rice Cooker & Water Boiler. Master shared with us how to use the rice cooker and water boiler. At first, I thought what could these insignificant items help us with? I did the same thing, immediately when I reach home, I downloaded the compass app and found the correct direction to use my water boiler. The next day I started to cook and put the rice cooker in the right direction. After two days, a few parents sought for me to teach their kids. Within the whole March, I started to have a lot of new students. I was so busy that I could not attend some of the dinner sessions Master held!
I have gone to 8 dinner sessions in total and received a lot of useful knowledge, reaping immense benefits from those sessions.
The seventh time I met Master was on 11th April. That dinner session was called How to Strengthen Your Personal Magnetization. I received a bouquet of flowers. That day, a lady gave a flower bouquet to Master. However, due to some reasons she could not bring the flowers home, so Master asked me to bring it home. The very next day I bought a bucket and used it to take a bath with the flowers. Subsequently, during a phone conversation with Master, he said using the flowers to bath would help to treat skin problem. That day I realized that my body part which was always itchy was no longer itchy! Yes, if you give Master flowers, he will dedicate the merits to you, perform an incantation blessing it and ask you to bring it home for bathing.
The eighth time I met Master was on 19th April. That dinner session was called The Perfect Celebration Of Our Parents. That day I forgot to bring my hand phone and I could not find them, so I went home. However, Master was kind enough to allow me to continue to take part in the dinner session. That night I saw the most compassionate side of Master. He meticulously taught us how to celebrate Mother’s Day and Father’s Day and also help us to understand our parents characteristics. He shared that the biggest filial piety is not to take them out to eat, drink and play. It is actually to prepare the path for them to go on after death. Even though this is unacceptable by most people and considered inauspicious, yet deep in my heart, I have thought about how to face death and so I am very clear that we all have to face death one day. I even thought of what to do to prepare for my own death and how I can face the day when my parents pass on. Hence I totally agree with what Master had said.
After that, I have been encouraging my mum to read Master’s writings because I feel that his writings can help her and a lot people. My dad does not have Facebook so I bought Master’s book for him to read.
I also reread some of his articles, because every time I read it, I will have a different insight. Even though Master is very strict, all he does is for our own good. After knowing him for 3 months, I feel that he is compassionate more than strict.
www.masterdaihu.com/「八」見玳瑚師父/
some others still others題目 在 玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu Facebook 的精選貼文
【玳瑚師父課室】《第20場回顧:佛法改運茶會》
20th Meal Session Recap: Transform Your Destiny With the Dharma (English version below)
2017年3月14日,玳瑚師父舉辦了《佛法改運茶會》。
在茶會開席之前,師父慎重提醒出席者,所謂的愛,就是不要傷害他人。
做爲子女的,我們不能對父母不好。妳你要對別人不好,妳你就要準備別人對妳你不好。
因此,聰明的人一定會懂得對別人好。
行為有德,代表這個人還有功德,有功德才能夠移開眼前的障礙。
大家也要記得佛法就是一切,一切就是佛法。所以學佛就是要自主生命。
要找一個師父,一定要有人介紹,自己也要去研究,這代表妳你不是一個迷信的人,來生才不會做牛。
茶會精彩回顧:
一、人是高等動物,請大家注意,我們人類依然是動物,祇是智慧比較高。
二、玳瑚師父的茶會等活動,不是給大家來聚會,而是給真正要改善的人。
三、人不能夠自私,玳瑚師父既然得到了宇宙的知識,也應當把時間、精神和知識給妳你。
四、人要和天講條件,首要條件是什麼?
五,人為什麼一直不開心?
玳瑚師父講解因果報應:
六、人爲什麼一直生瘤?
七、爲什麼會有軟骨人?
八、爲什麼有些人駝背無法治好?
九、爲什麼有些人皮膚會長滿一粒粒的塊狀?
此時,一位出席者舉例說出太太朋友正是有皮膚問題,而她所犯的罪行正是師父所說的一樣!
十、我們都是地球人,愛護地球是我們的責任。
十一、爲什麼結婚兩年就離婚?
十二、爲什麼有些女人會當妓女?
十三、婚姻不美滿,因爲結了婚,卻還活在一個人的世界裡。
學佛的真實意義:
十四、很多人要別人給於她他們,可曾問自己憑什麼呢?
十五、每個人都要學習主動對別人好。
十六、學佛是爲了什麼?
十七、我們要學會看清這世界的虛相。
十八、如何運用佛法改命?
十九、佛法真的能讓亡者到一個安穩的境界嗎?
玳瑚師父現場也出了一個題目「佛法是怎樣的一回事?」,邀請出席者們寫出她他們的答案。眾人說出自己的想法後,師父再一一地解釋給大家聽。
玄學也是佛法,但不是究竟,不能夠讓我們成佛。
學佛的第一步,必定要先學會做一個有信用的人。
餐會結束前,玳瑚師父也應出席者的要求,在她購買的師父文集《向善向上》簽名留念。
餐會在一陣法喜充滿的氣氛下圓滿地結束。
..................
On 14th March 2017, Master Dai Hu held a "Transform Your Destiny With Dharma" Tea Session.
Before the session commenced, Master Dai Hu reminded the participants that to love another person meant to avoid hurting them.
As children, we must not mistreat our parents. If you are unkind to others, be prepared to receive the same in return.
Therefore, a wise person knows to always treat others with kindness.
Everyone must remember that the Dharma is omnipresent, thus learning the Dharma is to gain control of your own life.
To find a good master, you need recommendations and do your own research. Doing so will prove that you are not superstitious, and avoid taking the form of a cow in your next rebirth.
HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE TEA SESSION:
1) Human are superior mammals. Note that we are still considered animals, albeit of slightly higher intelligence.
2) All activities such as the one today are organised, not for get-together, but to provide a platform for those determined to better themselves.
3) Man must not be selfish. Since Master Dai Hu has gained the wisdom of the Universe, he should aspire to offer his time, energy and wisdom to you.
4) What is the foremost criterion you need in order to "negotiate" with the Heavens?
5) Why are humans always unhappy?
MASTER DAI HU EXPLAINED THE LAW OF CAUSE & EFFECT:
6) Why do some people get recurring tumour growth?
7) Why are some people afflicted with osteochondrosis?
8) Why do some people have a permanent hunch on their backs?
9) Why do some people suffer the embarrassment of skin tags all over the body?
At this moment, one participant shared that a friend suffered the exact same fate, having committed the exact same misdeeds, as pointed out by Master Dai Hu!
10) We are all Earthlings, thus caring for and protecting Mother Earth is our common responsibility.
11) Why did this marriage last for only 2 years?
12) Why do some ladies become prostitutes?
13) A marriage becomes unfulfilled, when the couple live in their own worlds respectively.
REAL SIGNIFICANCE IN LEARNING THE DHARMA:
14) Many people keep demanding more from others, but have they ever questioned themselves if they are deserving?
15) Everyone of us must take the initiative to treat others well.
16) Why do we learn the Dharma?
17) We must learn to see through the illusory nature of this world.
18) How can the Dharma transform your destiny?
19) Does the Dharma really have the ability to deliver the deceased to another blissful realm?
Master Dai Hu gave a pop quiz to all participants with the question: What actually is the Dharma?
He asked everyone to pen down their thoughts and share with all present, after which Master Dai Hu gave his own insights.
Chinese Metaphysics are also part of the Dharma. But it is not the Ultimate Destination, and will not lead us to Buddhahood.
The foremost step in learning Buddhism is to learn to be a person of trustworthiness.
As Master Dai Hu completed his discourse, a participant requested for his autograph on his book Towards Kindness, Towards Betterment, which she bought.
With that, the learning session ended in a sea of Dharma bliss.
www.masterdaihu.com/第20場回顧:佛法改運餐會/
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