💕「愛台灣,我的選擇」系列第16發:熱愛台灣詩的美國學者白瑞梅(Amie Parry)
「我在加州內陸地區一個叫做聖伯納迪諾的小城市長大,隨後在聖地牙哥念大學和研究所,並獲得文學博士學位。求學期間我們必須至少選修一門外語,所以我就選了中文。1987年我大學畢業之後,跟朋友來了台灣一趟,在台灣教英文和學中文六個月,接著就自己一個人當起背包客在亞洲四處旅遊。
我本來想要研究中國古典詩詞,後來因為獲得傅爾布萊特獎學金,便又再度回到台灣。當時我在討論詩詞的聚會上認識了幾位現代派詩人,所以我就將研究主題轉而聚焦在台灣60、70和80年代的現代詩。我的博士論文探討的就是,以現代主義來理解現有政治語言中難以理解的現代性。我認為歷史形塑而來的經驗,往往比語言本身還要複雜。
我研究的那些詩作沒有明確的政治性,反而是有很強的實驗性質,並帶著詭譎的神秘感。當時我認識的現代派詩人大多是跟著國民黨飄洋過海來台的外省人,他們經歷過戰爭和顛沛流離,也經歷過劇烈且痛苦的歷史創傷。每個人的經驗都不同,在那個年代,也很難說出口。後來,我寫了一本關於詩的書,並聚焦在一兩位我覺得特別有趣的詩人。我在書中問了一些類似的問題:這些詩作如何幫你思考艱難的議題?
當時的現代詩已經頗有制度,許多詩人都有投稿《現代詩》這份重要的詩刊,有些詩人則是將詩作與戲劇結合。整體而言,台灣的現代詩、表演藝術和文學都發展地如火如荼,也深深吸引了我,但我還未全盤了解。當我完成博士論文時,我便獲得交通大學的教職,讓我對台灣的學術圈感到非常驚艷。而當我出版第一本著作時,我也很訝異能在美國獲獎;我根本不知道自己獲得提名,當時我問授獎單位:「為什麼選擇我的書?」他們表示:「因為書中其中一個章節是以跨國的架構來進行整體論述,妳不是單用西方的理論和東方的詩詞,而是從東西方共同錘煉出嶄新的知識。」
我目前任教於中央大學英美語文學系,除了擔任系主任之外,我也有教授寫作課、文學課和文學文化理論課程。從我1987年第一次來台灣到現在,我覺得台灣人愈來愈能自在地與來自不同地方的人交談,就個人經驗來說,我認為台灣社會愈來愈開放。我第一次來台灣時,經歷了許多台灣社會有趣的發展,也結交了許多朋友,並認識了許多學術圈的同好。我想,這些珍貴的回憶就是呼喚我再度回台的動力;就像是,如果你覺得這個社會充滿生氣和活力,而你也能夠參與其中、做出貢獻,我想這就是像家一樣的感覺吧!」
✨白瑞梅 Amie Parry 現為中央大學英美語文學系 專任教授
💕Why I chose Taiwan #16 – Amie Parry
“I grew up in a small city in inland California called San Bernardino. I went to college and graduate school in San Diego. I got my PhD in literature. We were all expected to learn at least one language, so I did Chinese. I traveled to Taiwan with a friend right after I graduated from college in 1987. We came here to teach English and study Chinese for six months, then I traveled around Asia by myself with a backpack.
I originally wanted to study classical Chinese poetry. I got a Fulbright grant and I came back here. I started going to the poetry nights that were happening at that time. I met some of the modernist poets, and I switched my focus to the modernist poetry of the 60s, 70s, and 80s in Taiwan. I wrote my dissertation on modernism as a way of understanding the parts of modernity that are hard to know in the existing political language that we inherit. I think that experience in historical formation is always more complicated than the language.
These poems are not explicitly political; they're very experimental and strange. At the time, the modernist poets I met were mostly 外省, men who had been drafted and come over with the KMT, so they had experienced war and displacement, and a very intense and traumatic historical moment. People experienced it differently, and at that time, it was a hard thing to talk about. Later, I wrote a book about poetry, but I just focused on one or two poets I find really, really fascinating. And I was asking some of the same kinds of questions: how can these poems help you think about certain topics that are hard to think about?
At that time, Modernist poetry was a kind of an institution already. There was a journal called 現代詩, “Modern Poetry,” a really important journal that most of these poets were published in. Some of them combined poetry and theater. There's just so much going on in Taiwan in terms of poetry and performance and literature. It's just amazing. And I'm very interested in it at all, but I haven't kept up. After I finished my dissertation, I got a job offer at 交大. I thought, wow, there's something really amazing happening intellectually here. When my first book came out, it actually got an award in the U.S., and I was so surprised. I didn't even know it had been nominated. I asked them, ‘Why did you choose my book?’ And they said, because one of the chapters has a transnational of framework for the whole argument, so it wasn't like you used Western theories and Eastern texts, it's like the whole knowledge part is coming out of both places.
I currently teach in the English department at National Central University. I'm the chair and I teach writing classes, literature classes, and literary and cultural theory classes. Since my first visit to Taiwan in 1987, I think people are a little more comfortable talking to people from different places. In my personal interactions, I feel a difference, like a greater openness. Back then, there were so many interesting things happening here, all at one time, and that's the time that I happened to be here. And I made good friends in my personal life and in my intellectual life. And I think those are the things that made me come back: like if you feel that there's something interesting happening and there's some way that you can support it. I guess that's a way of feeling at home.” — Amie Parry
✨Amie Parry is professor of the Department of English at the National Central University
university of california中文 在 百工裡的人類學家 Facebook 的最讚貼文
Covid-19疫情的演進過程中,種族歧視與衝突相關議題也成為關注焦點。事實上,儘管各國社會族群的組成日漸多元,族群關係的日常實踐仍然存在許多歧視與隱形衝突。日前在美國的槍擊案,映照出對於亞裔女性的刻板印象與歧視。來一起透過 The New York Times Chinese -Traditional 紐約時報中文網 的這則報導,來關注種族主義與性別歧視如何影響人被社會看待與定義的方式。
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聯邦數據顯示,在全國範圍內,暴力仇恨犯罪的受害者大多是男性。然而,收集針對亞裔美國人和太平洋島民社區仇恨事件報告的「制止仇恨亞太裔美國人組織」(Stop AAPI Hate)最近的一項分析稱,在2020年和2021年記錄的近3800起相關仇恨事件中,超過三分之二的報告來自女性。
謝漢蘭說,針對亞洲女性的仇恨犯罪幾乎肯定被低估了,其中一個原因是,那些帶有性色彩的犯罪往往被歸類為性侵,實際上抹去了種族層面。她說,認為亞洲女性順從的刻板印象可能會讓施暴者有恃無恐。「人們認為我們很脆弱,」她說。「你知道——是不會反擊的對象。」
...
學者們表示,對亞洲女性的迷戀,以及相應的對亞洲男性的男子氣概的貶低,在美國法律和政策中有著悠久的歷史。1875年的《佩奇法案》(Page Act)表面上禁止引進女性賣淫,實際上卻阻止了中國女性進入美國,而禁止異族通婚的法律卻讓華裔男性移民永遠保持單身。
加州大學洛杉磯分校(University of California, Los Angeles)人類學和亞裔美國人研究教授朴容九(Kyeyoung Park)說,歷史上,人們只從亞裔移民的勞動或生意的角度來看待他們。
(引用自:https://cn.nytimes.com/usa/20210319/racism-sexism-atlanta-spa-shooting/zh-hant/)
university of california中文 在 彭博商業周刊 / 中文版 Facebook 的最佳解答
【迷幻治療】迷幻藥物研究已成一門學問?
早在俄勒岡州和華盛頓特區11月宣布醫用裸蓋菇素(Psilocybin)(俗稱「迷幻磨菇」)合法化之前,向精神病科和內科醫療工作者傳授如何在治療中使用迷幻劑的學校已經迎來日益增長的入讀需求。儘管監管方面還有很多未知數,但無阻該產業正在崛起的大趨勢,醫師們開始自學裸蓋菇素以及大麻MDMA(methylenedioxymethamphetamine,搖頭丸的主要成份)等藥物的治療潛力,他們還押注在聯邦政府身上,比如希望當局會在不久的將來承認這些藥物的合法性。
這樣的學校有幾十所,例如加州整合學院(California Institute of Integral Studies),該校提供迷幻劑輔助療法和研究的學業證書。位於科羅拉多州的佛教大學那洛巴大學(Naropa University)去年則開設了關於MDMA輔助療法的課程。Compass Pathways也推出了一套核心培訓課程。 這些網絡和面授課程的培訓時長從幾星期到幾個月不等,價格則在幾百或數千美元之間,其中一些公司開發了自己的專利和商標註冊項目。
因為美國的醫護人員目前沒有合法渠道使用大麻和氯胺酮(Ketamine,俗稱K仔)以外的迷幻劑,大多數項目或課程都專注於向醫務工作者講授如何在患者出現幻覺前後幫助他們,這種做法被稱作「幻覺整合」。「臨床醫師並不是要推薦迷幻劑,而是支持患者的自主選擇,例如他們可能會去秘魯參加一種名為阿亞瓦斯卡的宗教儀式(Ayahuasca,南美洲印第安人認為可令靈魂出體、與祖先交流的儀式),」戈爾曼(Ingmar Gorman)說,他在2019年與他人共同創辦了一間迷幻劑培訓學校。
目前還沒有為迷幻劑治療行業培訓制定標準的機構。臨床專家擔心,由於缺乏政府監管,潛在的學員很難找到可靠的課程,而一些自稱專家的人士其實僅僅是製作過迷幻藥物而已。「不同項目之間存在巨大差異,」霍蘭說。「每個人都僅僅是在透過自己的方式來傳道授業。」
拉茲維還提醒未來的學生要在選擇學校之前做好調查研究。「迷幻產業的市場很龐大,而且似乎沒有門檻,這很可怕,」他說。「美國西海岸的一些培訓場所中有許多薩滿教巫醫,他們在迷幻劑方面有很多經驗,亦會認為他們的培訓方式與其他人一樣,但事實並非如此。」——Michelle Lhooq
#迷幻藥 #Ketamine #治療 #大麻 #Psilocybin #迷幻蘑菇 #MDMA
(本文節選自《彭博商業周刊∕中文版》第213期,如欲查閱全文,歡迎訂閱)
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