關於 vocabulary learning strategies ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

用心智圖學英文+抽獎活動
什麼是心智圖？這與英語學習有什麼關係？
What is mind mapping? What does it have to do with English learning?
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簡而言之，心智圖是以圖表的方式，視覺地呈現並組織資訊。在英語學習裡，它時常被用於幫助學生腦力激盪與主意間的連結。然而，心智圖也有助於學生學習詞彙，並連接片語及完整概念。例如，核心主題為經濟學 (economics)，那麼兩個主要的分支可以是政府政策 (government policy) 與市場經濟 (market economy)。在市場經濟 (market economy) 中，學生可以學到買與賣 (buying and selling)、供給與需求 (supply and demand)、消費者行為與消費 (consumer behavior and consumption)，以及其他相關片語。如此一來，學生可以迅速聯想與連結這些單字與概念。
如果他們聽到或讀到像供給與需求 (supply and demand)這樣的片語，他們自然會對消費 (consumption)、價格 (price)、替代品 (substitute goods) 等相關資訊有所準備。此一能力可增進閱讀與聽力的理解力，因為在讀到或聽到這些詞彙時，他們知道哪些資訊將會出現。當學生遇到新資訊，他們也會有先備知識與字彙作為基礎，幫助他們找到關聯並加以理解。
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在口說與寫作中，心智圖可以包含:
★句子的開頭 (sentence starters)
一般而言 (generally speaking)、在這種情況下(in this context)、更具體來說 (to be more specific)
★過渡片語 (transitional phrases)
另一個原因是 (another reason is that)、另一方面 (on the other hand)、誠然，無可否認 (admittedly）
★與主題有關的語塊 (theme-based lexical chunks)
牛市 (a bullish market)、持續的經濟增長 (sustained economic growth)、繁榮的經濟 (a thriving economy)
在有意義的主意塊架構下，單詞、片語、詞彙語法的這種連接，能使學生更精準且自動地進行口說與書寫。與其以獨立的單詞來組成句子，學生將得以使用固定的語塊（有意義且更完整的概念）。例如，學生可能想表達「台灣今年的經濟成長率修正為1.56％」。他們通常會將此一想法逐字翻譯，並翻出像是「Taiwan's economy grow will be fixed to 1.56% this year」的句子。當學生須先逐字翻譯單詞時，此一過程既費力又錯漏百出，即便能夠翻譯，他們也沒有時間在自然語言及限時寫作中，思索語法規則的細微差異。使用語塊可以減少這些問題。舉例來說，使用固定語塊作為句子的輸出，其樣貌可能如下：
Economics
Taiwan's GDP/economic growth (set chunk) this year is projected to reach (set chunk) 1.56 percent (data).
Taiwan's official statistics bureau (content words) has lowered its forecast (set chunk) for the country's economic growth (set chunk) to 1.56 percent this year (data).
Taiwan's government has revised its GDP growth forecast (set chunk) for 2020 to 1.56 percent (data).
Taiwan's economy, a key part of (set chunk) the global technology supply chain (content words), is expected to grow 1.56% this year (data).
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儘管如此，心智圖跟其他學習方式與工具一樣，並非沒有缺點。倘若學習者從未接觸這些，他們將完全無法憑一己之力想出單詞、片語及概念。當學生毫不了解基本的經濟學概念時，他們該如何使用心智圖來學習經濟學？此外，對於沒有詞彙基礎的初學者來說，心智圖可能涵蓋了過多的資訊。
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因此，本課程旨在以心智圖提供學生一個得以與其他方式及策略相結合的學習方法。新詞彙的出現將伴隨著學生所熟悉的資訊，以協助他們建立連結（例如：消費 consumption→新單字；購買商品 buy goods →舊單詞）。所有詞彙都使用主題式英語教學，同時也結合了其他方式，包括（但不限於）字根 (roots)、搭配詞 (collocation)、詞彙語法 (lexical grammar)以及學科內容知識(content knowledge)。此外，也將教授其他策略，來幫助學生成為自主學習者，他們可以在不同的情境中，思考並決定最好的學習方式。心智圖並非我們詞彙學習的萬靈丹。它是一項能夠幫助我們組織想法，並運用多種方式進行學習的工具。
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這裡有更多資訊供你參考：
「心智圖詞彙攻略」的目標是什麼？
https://bit.ly/2JPBnaq
【心智圖詞彙 101堂加長版】https://bit.ly/3oN3LbL
限時優惠優惠：12/1-12/21, 買課程折$799
優惠碼：eric799
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需要更多詞彙學習策略的同學請留言「I need vocabulary learning strategies.」
按讚和留言的同學也可以抽我的新書: 6步驟看懂英文文章, 可以搭配心智圖學習法加強自己的閱讀能力。我會在禮拜二晚(12/15)上8點前從留言中抽出三位幸運兒 !

[教育資源] 學術英語: 自我學習之路

進階學習者和英文老師們!

想學習更多關於如何提升自身學術英文能力嗎？來試試以下由Dr. Stephen Krashen提供的免費課程吧!

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Stephen Krashen是一位語言學家、教育學研究者以及活動家。Stephen Krashen博士已出版近五百篇論文與書籍，為第二語言學習、雙語教育與閱讀領域做出貢獻。最近，Dr. Krashen推廣在第二語言習得時運用自由志願性閱讀，他表示:「這是我們在不論第一或第二語言教育中最有力的工具。」Dr. Krashen博士目前為南加州大學的榮譽教授。

Stephen Krashen is a linguist, educational researcher, and activist. Dr. Krashen has published nearly 500 papers and books, contributing to the fields of second-language acquisition, bilingual education, and reading. He is credited with introducing various influential concepts and terms in the study of second-language acquisition, including the acquisition-learning hypothesis, the input hypothesis, the monitor hypothesis, the affective filter, and the natural order hypothesis. Most recently, Krashen promotes the use of free voluntary reading during second-language acquisition, which he says “is the most powerful tool we have in language education, first and second.” Dr. Krashen is currently professor emeritus at University of Southern California.

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課程描述：

學術語言能力包括詞彙、文法以及學術或專業語言的話語風格。 傳統的教學方法包括描述語言、準備材料和準確地教授學術語言，但這些並不奏效。 無論你是在教授大學生，或是希望提高自己的學術語言能力，請加入Stephen Krashen錄製的四堂iTDi高級教學技能課程，以找出有效的學習方法。

Academic language proficiency consists of vocabulary, grammar, and a discourse style of academic, or professional language. Traditional teaching approaches include describing the language, preparing materials and explicitly teaching academic language. This has never worked. Whether you are teaching university students or just hoping to improve your own academic language proficiency, join Stephen Krashen in these four recorded sessions from his iTDi Advanced Teaching Skills course to find out what does work.

要熟練使用學術語言，我們必須：1）了解學術語言的詞彙、文法和話語風格，以及2）了解特定主題的語言。 精通語言的使用者還會採用各種策略來幫助他們的學術語言和主題學習。

To be proficient in using academic language, we have to 1) know the vocabulary, grammar and discourse style of academic language and 2) know the language of our specific subject matter. Proficient language users also employ a range of strategies that help them acquire academic language and subject-matter learning.

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免費課程連結: https://bit.ly/3fJ8TcL

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Dr. Stephen Krashen 的語言教育研討會
https://bit.ly/2N49fOF

所有免費英文課程:
https://bit.ly/3hx05Iu

破解英文學習上的迷思:
https://youtu.be/fPP887v8EWw

如何教英語:
https://bit.ly/37q098n

免費TESOL課程:
https://bit.ly/30H8Ytc

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What is "COMPELLING comprehensible input"?

http://www.sdkrashen.com/content/articles/the_compelling_input_hypothesis.pdf

https://youtu.be/au4CoCLi1Is

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教育時評：http://bit.ly/39ABON9

[英文學習] 到底該如何閱讀英文？

Extensive, intensive, or narrow reading? What is skimming and scanning?

英語學習者經常被要求在課堂上以多種方式閱讀。有些學習者被要求開口朗誦，讀出每個單詞。有些學習者則默念於心以理解文本。但默讀時，學習者該略讀其要義還是掃讀關鍵細節？抑或專注於語言功能還是練習閱讀策略？

English learners are often asked to read in diverse ways in the classroom. Some are asked to read orally and sound out each word. Others are told to read silently for comprehension. However, when reading silently, should learners skim for essential meanings or scan for key details? Or should they focus on linguistic features and practice reading strategies?

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Oral Reading

在找到一種閱讀方法之前，讓我們來檢視一下不同的閱讀類型。朗誦需要老師或學生大聲地朗讀，並幫助學生掌握聲韻，幫助他們改進語調、腔調、重音與節奏。默讀則包含精讀、泛讀以及窄式閱讀。

Before we can address these questions and find a suitable reading approach, let’s examine what the different reading types are.

Oral reading involves the teacher or students reading aloud and helps students to develop prosody, improving their intonation, tone, stress, and rhythm. Silent reading consists of intensive, extensive, and narrow reading, amongst others.

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Intensive Reading

精讀需要學習者在特定的學習目標與任務中進行精細的閱讀。這通常是課堂上的要求，學生須專注在文法及標示語等細節。同時學生還須辨別關鍵詞彙，並在老師的指導下仔細且反覆地閱讀文本。其目的在於建立語言知識以及對字面意涵、言外之意與修辭關係的理解。閱讀材料通常是少於５００字的文本，因為較長的文本可能導致閱讀時難以關注到所有細節。

Intensive reading refers to reading in detail with specific learning aims and tasks. It is typically classroom-based, and students focus on features such as grammar and discourse markers. Students also identify key vocabulary, and text is read carefully and repeatedly with instructor input. The aim is to build language knowledge and understanding of literal meaning, implications, and rhetorical relationships. The materials used are usually shorter texts of 500 words or less at a time because it might be too difficult to focus on so many details with longer texts.

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Narrow Reading

窄式閱讀可被視為一種特殊的精讀，它是基於「可理解輸入」此一概念，意即學生閱讀略高於自身語言能力的材料。如此一來，在老師的協助下，學生得以輕鬆地專注於新的語言特徵。在練習窄式閱讀時，教師通常會找同一作者或同一主題的文章。因此，關鍵詞彙與文法結構會重複出現，學生便有更多機會在稍異的文本中看到這些特徵。這是一種非常成功的方法，因為它可以增進學生對文本的理解。

Narrow reading can be classified as a specific type of intensive reading. It is based on the concept of comprehensible input, in which students read materials slightly above their current linguistic abilities. In this way, students can easily focus on new language features with the aid of their teacher. When practicing narrow reading, teachers can find texts by the same author or the same topic. Thus, key vocabulary and grammatical structures repeat themselves, and students get many opportunities to see these features in slightly different contexts. It is a highly successful method because the comprehension of the text is enhanced due to learner familiarity with the author and subject matter.

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Extensive Reading, Scanning & Skimming

另一方面，泛讀需要學習者閱讀較長的文章，甚至閱讀整本小說以自娛並發展一般的閱讀技巧。泛讀經常是課外活動，因為老師可能會覺得這無法有效利用課堂時間，或者老師不希望課堂上太過安靜。

泛讀可能需要兩項技能：掃讀與略讀。我們可以掃讀關鍵細節或略讀要義。略讀與掃讀可使讀者大致掌握文本涵意。這並非意味著您在精讀時就不能略讀或掃讀，只是精讀通常專注在學習並理解語言特徵。當代的教育政策格外強調泛讀，因為我們期許學習者可以自主學習，並在課外進行閱讀。就其核心理念而言，泛讀鼓勵語言學習者讀其所愛！

On the other hand, extensive reading involves learners reading longer texts and even complete novels for enjoyment, and it aids learners in developing general reading skills. Extensive reading is usually done outside the classroom because teachers might feel it is not an effective use of class time, or are just uncomfortable with the extended silence.

Scanning and skimming are two skills commonly used in extensive reading. Readers can scan for key details or skim for essential meaning. Reading quickly with skimming and scanning can give readers a global or general understanding of the materials. This does not mean students cannot skim or scan when reading intensively, but typically, intensive reading focuses on learning and understanding linguistic features. Extensive reading is stressed in contemporary education policies, as learners are expected to be autonomous and read outside of class. At its core, extensive reading encourages language learners to read what they like!

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How should you read?

既然您已大致瞭解這幾種閱讀方式，您決定好要使用哪一種了嗎？答案是——您需要視情況而定！若您想進行泛讀，可閱讀更多有趣的新聞。若想精讀，您可以分析段落並與老師以及同學們回答問題。若想使用窄式閱讀，您可以找同一作者的同一主題文章，並專注在語言特徵。有些人甚至想以朗誦的方式來加強韻律或是重複閱讀來增加流暢度。

Now that you have a glimpse of different reading approaches, have you decided which you will use? The "answer" is that you need each for a different situation! You can practice extensive reading when reading for pleasure, or intensive reading when analyzing paragraphs with your teachers and peers. As for narrow reading, you can find articles by the same author on the same topic and focus on language features. Some might even want to practice oral reading to improve prosody or repeated reading to increase fluency.

訓練有素的老師可以傳授您各種不同的閱讀方法與策略，如此您便可自行練習。但即便您知道該怎麼做，您是否有足夠的決心與毅力？您該如何選擇閱讀材料並且積累閱讀策略呢？

A trained teacher can provide you with approaches and strategies for each situation so you can practice them on your own. However, even when you know how to read, do you have the determination and perseverance to read or do so much? How do you select the right materials, and how do you acquire reading strategies?

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Narrow Reading Course

如果您需要這些閱讀技巧與學習方法，也想練習窄式閱讀，那麼王梓沅老師的英文課程可以幫助到您。王梓沅老師將窄式閱讀拓展為窄式學習法，在不同的媒體上關注同一作者的同一主題資料。他的課程還使用「成長心態」與「恆毅力」學習法，傳授學習者如何開始並持之以恆，而後成為自己成功路上的最佳導師！

If you need these reading and learning strategies and want to practice narrow reading, Alexander Wang’s course is the one for you. Alex expands the narrow reading approach into narrow learning, focusing on effective language learning by using materials from the same author, the same theme, but different media. His class also guides students in developing a growth mindset with an emphasis on grit, teaching learners how they can start and sustain their learning.

The class aims to help learners become their own teachers on their English learning journey!

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Check out his class here:

限時折扣，最後倒數 >>> https://bit.ly/34DG64O

推薦該課程的所有收益將捐獻給慈善機構。在收到資金並完成捐贈後，我將會發表一個公告。

All proceeds from the referral of the class will be donated to charity. I will make an announcement when the funds are received and donated.

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References

Gardner, D. (2008). Vocabulary recycling in children's authentic reading materials: A corpus-based investigation of narrow reading. Reading in a Foreign Language, 20(1), 92-122.

Krashen, S. (2004). The case for narrow reading. Language Magazine 3(5):17-19.

MacLeod, M. (2013). Types of Reading. Retrieved April 14, 2020.

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Today I react to and review the most popular language learning apps and platforms, including Rosetta Stone, Duolingo, Memrise, Babbel, and Pimsleur. I regularly discuss language learning methods on my channel, including strategies for memorizing large amounts of vocabulary through spaced repetition software like Anki and making sure to speak your target language constantly (in person or via websites like Italki), but today we’re going to take a look at some of the most popular commercial, mass-market apps and websites for learning languages.

It was an odd experience as I usually don’t use these types of platforms for language learning, but there definitely were some gems among them! (And this video is not sponsored, by the way.)

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Role play is an efficient method to teach new vocabulary. For example, kids easy get distract, but in a simulated situation, they could be very concentrated in the role such as teacher, fireman, doctor...etc.


This video is also suitable for someone who want to learn English as second language, We hope your kid will enjoy this video and learn the pronunciation, name of animal same and able to identify the animal same as my kid.
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how to learn math
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stem projects
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Learn Shapes for kids
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Learn letter A to Z
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Learn names of fruits and vegetables
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Learning street vehicles names and vehicle sounds
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Learn names of animal with animal sound
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