WeChat, the popular Chinese messaging app, already uses content matching to identify dissident material. India enacted rules this year that could require pre-screening content critical of government policy. Russia recently fined Google, Facebook and Twitter for not removing pro-democracy protest materials.
We spotted other shortcomings. The content-matching process could have false positives, and malicious users could game the system to subject innocent users to scrutiny.
We were so disturbed that we took a step we hadn’t seen before in computer science literature: We warned against our own system design, urging further research on how to mitigate the serious downsides. We’d planned to discuss paths forward at an academic conference this month.
That dialogue never happened. The week before our presentation, Apple announced it would deploy its nearly identical system on iCloud Photos, which exists on more than 1.5 billion devices. Apple’s motivation, like ours, was to protect children. And its system was technically more efficient and capable than ours. But we were baffled to see that Apple had few answers for the hard questions we’d surfaced.
China is Apple’s second-largest market, with probably hundreds of millions of devices. What stops the Chinese government from demanding Apple scan those devices for pro-democracy materials? Absolutely nothing, except Apple’s solemn promise. This is the same Apple that blocked Chinese citizens from apps that allow access to censored material, that acceded to China’s demand to store user data in state-owned data centers and whose chief executive infamously declared, “We follow the law wherever we do business.”
https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/08/19/apple-csam-abuse-encryption-security-privacy-dangerous/?fbclid=IwAR325SFSTo3uilTF5xZaKWbtUUoTnzyC3rA1vsW0_gTcywReDn42keqh86I
what is academic conference 在 多益達人 林立英文 Facebook 的最佳貼文
China Halts Work by Scientist Who Says He Edited Babies’ Genes
中國暫停賀建奎研究基因編輯嬰兒
China said on Thursday that it had suspended the work of a scientist who claims to have created the world’s first genetically edited babies, saying his conduct appeared to be unethical and in violation of Chinese law.
週四,中國表示已暫停一名聲稱創造了世界首例基因編輯嬰兒的科學家的工作,稱其行為不道德,且違反了中國法律。
The scientist, He Jiankui, announced on Monday that he had used the gene-editing technique Crispr to alter embryos, which he implanted in the womb of a woman who gave birth to twin girls this month. At an international conference on Wednesday, he asserted that he was proud of what he had done.
週一,科學家賀建奎宣佈,他利用基因編輯技術Crispr改變胚胎,並將其植入了一名女性的子宮,該名女性在本月生下一對雙胞胎女兒。在週三的一個國際會議上,他堅稱為自己所做的一切感到自豪。
Xu Nanping, China’s vice minister of science and technology, said Dr. He’s work was still being investigated. But based on news reports, he said, Dr. He appeared to have “blatantly violated China’s relevant laws and regulations” and broken “the bottom line of morality and ethics that the academic community adheres to,” the state broadcaster China Central Television reported on Thursday.
中國科技部副部長徐南平表示,對賀建奎工作的調查仍在進行中。根據官方的中央電視臺週四報導,他說,這次媒體報導的基因編輯嬰兒事件「公然違反了我國的相關法規條例」,也突破了「學術界堅守的道德倫理的底線」。
“It is shocking and unacceptable,” Mr. Xu was quoted as saying. “We are resolutely opposed to it.”
這「令人震驚不可接受」,報導引用徐南平的話說,「我們是堅決反對的。」
The suspension follows international condemnation from scientists who maintain that Dr. He’s conduct was unethical. They say there are serious unanswered questions about the safety of embryo editing and a need to make sure that such research is conducted in a transparent, monitored way so the technology is not misused.
在暫停職務之前,國際上的科學家譴責賀建奎的行為不道德。他們表示,胚胎編輯的安全性存在嚴重且尚未解決的問題,需要確保以透明、受監控的方式進行這類研究,以免這項技術遭到濫用。
Mr. Xu had said earlier that Chinese regulations issued in 2003 permitted gene-editing experiments on embryos for research purposes, but only if they remained viable for no more than 14 days.
徐南平早些時候曾表示,中國監管部門在2003年頒佈的法規允許對胚胎進行基因編輯實驗,但前提是這些胚胎的存活時間不超過14天。
On Monday, a group of 122 Chinese scientists issued a statement calling Dr. He’s actions “crazy” and his claims “a huge blow to the global reputation and development of Chinese science.”
週一,122名中國科學家發表連署聲明,稱賀建奎的行為「瘋狂」,他的言論「對於中國科學在全球的聲譽和發展都是重大的打擊」。
At the Second International Summit on Human Genome Editing in Hong Kong on Wednesday, Dr. He acknowledged that he had not made his university in China aware of the research he was doing. He said he had initially paid for the research himself, then later from his university funding.
在週三於香港召開的第二屆人類基因組編輯國際高峰會上,賀建奎承認,他沒有讓他任職的中國大學知道他正在做的這項研究。他表示,最初自己支付了這項研究的費用,後來用的是大學的經費。
Dr. He pushed back against suggestions that he had been secretive about his work, saying that he had presented preliminary aspects of it at conferences and consulted with scientists in the United States and elsewhere. He said he had submitted his research to a scientific journal for review and had not expected to be presenting it at the conference.
賀建奎反駁了有關他對自己的工作守口如瓶的說法,指出他曾在各種會議上展示過初步的研究成果,並諮詢了來自美國和其他地方的科學家。他表示,已經將研究報告提交給了一份科學雜誌進行審議,且原本沒想到會在本次大會上發表。
One of many areas of confusion about Dr. He’s research was the status of a possible pregnancy of a second woman he said he had implanted with an edited embryo. On Wednesday, under questioning from scientists after his talk, Dr. He said there had been a second implantation in an early stage.
關於賀建奎的研究,有許多令人困惑的地方,其中之一是他所說的已經植入了被編輯過的胚胎、可能懷孕的第二名女性的情況。週三,在演講結束後,賀建奎接受了科學家的提問,他表示,第二例植入還處在早期階段。
When asked by Robin Lovell-Badge, a professor of genetics and embryology at the Francis Crick Institute in London, whether by early stage Dr. He meant a “chemical pregnancy” or early miscarriage, Dr. He said “yes.”
當被倫敦Francis Crick Institute的遺傳學和胚胎學教授Robin Lovell-Badge問道,他所說的「早期階段」是指「化學妊娠」(即早期流產)嗎,賀建奎回答,「是的」。
On Thursday, however, Dr. Lovell-Badge told reporters that he could not be sure that Dr. He understood that “chemical pregnancy” referred to a pregnancy that was lost.
然而,Lovell-Badge博士在週四告訴記者,他不能確定賀建奎是否理解「化學妊娠」指的就是流產。
“He doesn’t necessarily know what he’s talking about,” Dr. Lovell-Badge said. “We don’t know. He said he confirmed that essentially they’d done the hormone test for whether or not the woman was pregnant. And the answer is yes. But it’s very early, so it could turn into a chemical pregnancy meaning there was a miscarriage. Many embryos fail to survive.”
「他不一定知道自己在說什麼,」Lovell-Badge博士說,「我們也不知道。他說他可以證實他們已經做了激素檢測,以確定這名女子是否懷孕。答案是肯定的。但現在為時尚早,所以也可能會變成化學妊娠,也就是流產。許多胚胎無法存活。」
Dr. He had been scheduled to speak again at the conference on Thursday, but his talk was canceled.
賀建奎原定於在週四的會議上再次發言,但已被取消。
Dr. Robin Lovell-Badge, who moderated the Wednesday session, said in an email that “it would have been difficult to have sufficient security” for a second talk. He said that Dr. He had decided not to attend after he was told about the security arrangements.
Lovell-Badge博士主持了週三的會議,他在一封電子郵件中說,「很難有足夠的安全措施」保障賀建奎的第二次發言。他表示,賀建奎在得知安保安排後,決定不再參加。
Dr. Lovell-Badge said Thursday that the organizers had felt it was “important to give Dr. He a platform to present what he had done.”
Lovell-Badge博士週四表示,主辦方認為,「給賀建奎一個展示他所做的事情的平臺很重要。」
“We therefore do not regret at all allowing him to present yesterday, but giving him a second opportunity today might also have been viewed as support for him,” he said. “This is another reason the committee did not want him back today.”
「因此,我們一點也不後悔允許他昨天發表演講,但今天給他第二次機會也可能被視為對他的支援,」他說,「這也是委員會不希望他今天再次現身的另一個原因。」
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what is academic conference 在 無神論者的巴別塔 Facebook 的最佳貼文
沈祖堯,你講到咁和平理性,咁班義和團黎到中大騷擾學生你唔撚出聲譴責?你都係快撚啲退休把啦,我唔想搞大件事
The idea of an independent Hong Kong is not only in breach of the Basic Law of Hong Kong but also contrary to what I personally believe. <<<<<<< an independent Hong Kong = 港獨?
邊個PR譯架,炒撚咗佢啦
又,「外籍教師煽動年青人」?唔係掛,你知唔知全中大最藍絲果咋,全部都係鬼佬教授黎架……
同埋和聲Beat去咗邊?呢個係你地出動嘅時候啦😏
====
各位同事、同學、校友:
我雖然正在外地參加學術會議,但亦十分關心近日校園內的爭議事件。
「港獨」不但違反基本法,亦和我個人意願相違背。香港是中國不可分離的部分,這是不爭的事實。
同學在討論政治議題時,應保持和平、理性,亦應秉持尊重和包容的態度。
校園是學習的地方,不宜成為政治角力之所,在學期開始之時,讓我們的同學有一個安靜的學習環境。
校長沈祖堯
二零一七年九月七日
7 September 2017
Dear colleagues, students and alumni,
I am currently attending an academic conference overseas, although I have been kept informed of the controversies on campus lately.
The idea of an independent Hong Kong is not only in breach of the Basic Law of Hong Kong but also contrary to what I personally believe. Hong Kong is an inalienable part of China; this is beyond dispute.
When discussing and debating political issues, our students should always do so peacefully and rationally, and conduct the discussion or debate in a respectful and patient manner.
Our campus is a place for learning. It should not be turned into a political arena. A new academic year is underway. Let's maintain the learning environment peaceful for our students.
Joseph J.Y. Sung
Vice-Chancellor and President
【約十名「反港獨」人士於中大示威 指控「外籍教師煽動年青人」、要撐港獨者「移民」 | 本土新聞】
一行約十名中老年「反港獨」男女,今日下午於香港中文大學本部校園示威,與文化廣場上「香港獨立」橫額及中大學生會帳蓬只有一條馬路之隔,舉著反港獨橫額「港獨不代表我、港獨使香港沉淪、港獨禍根」,叫囂「移民」、「癲狗」、「反港獨」、「要繁榮安定」、「遞解你出境」、「女學生做雞咁樣」。
帶隊的紅衣老漢操廣東話,要求中大校長「出嚟」,聲稱自己「為國為民」,要求支持港獨學生「唔滿意香港就移民」,不要留在中國地方,又聲稱自己「我就移過民啦」、指控「中大鬼佬教師煽動年青人」,又與學生對罵,稱「天鍾意中共呀,你唔鍾意呀,嘔血撞頭埋牆呀,你叫你老豆老母唔好生你出來咪得囉。」
保安要求這群人不要逼近馬路,紅衣老漢然後與保安衝突,他首先問保安是哪個部門,保安稱是外判公司,他然後稱要投訴保安,又說自己是納稅人,有權責罵「o靚仔」。
當他們於下午六時散隊時,又與保安爭執,拒絕步行落山,聲稱自己是義工、身水身汗;後來有車接載他們離開。
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