最近我看了一本很有意思的書,採訪日本大分縣二戰時代平民的《被遺忘的人群:神風特攻隊員、助產士、學生、教師,日本平民的二戰歷史記憶》。
(我這幾天還擷取了部分我覺得特別的段落讓大家先睹為外。)
這本書值得提到的地方很多,對我來說,印象深刻的部分有二。
第一,就是日本對二戰的記憶其實很多人是從與美國作戰才開始逐漸清晰。
但大家也都知道(不知道我也真的不能說啥了),早在1941年的太平洋戰爭開打前,中日雙方在1937年就已經爆發了全面戰爭。
事實上,日本在太平洋戰爭初期之所以對美國占上風,一方面是蓄謀已久的出其不意,在珍珠港把美國太平洋艦隊炸了重傷,所以美國初期在兵力上是劣勢作戰。
但另一方面,日本的海軍航空兵可是歷經中日戰爭的戰爭經驗,在見識以及實務操作上,跟承平已久的美軍根本不在同一水平。(兵器上也是,日本在中國戰場總結出許多實戰經驗或是刺激,所以誕生出名聞遐邇的零式戰鬥機,這款戰機在初期徹底完虐了美國戰機,甚至讓戰爭初期的美國人直呼不可思議。)
但在本書中,即便日本陷入未預計的持久作戰,日本打當時的中國卻依舊是輕鬆愉快。(廣告一下,中日抗戰的部分故事,我會在德式中央軍的系列文提到,話說到此處,唉~~~真不知何時才能去中國取材呀。)
因此學校教育依舊正常(相比後來的太平洋戰爭,日本的學校教育可是每天都在呼籲要全民作戰,並且提升軍訓課的時數,更別提在戰爭後期因為人力短缺,甚至小學的高年級生都要進入到軍方單位做不同程度的工作,而國中以上更是直接入伍並在陸海空各方面執行了自殺攻擊)。
而國內對於宋回國的陣亡士兵也特別的慎重其事,當日本軍人的骨灰盒送回故鄉,全村都會特別迎接並且對家屬表達哀傷跟致意(相比太平洋戰爭,海外日軍的陣亡消息已經多到成為見怪不怪的日常,骨灰盒送回來根本是無人聞問;就這麼解釋吧,中日戰爭時期,日軍的陣亡交隊來說頗為稀罕,大家也就鄭重其事,但太平洋戰爭卻讓死亡成為日本人的常態)。
這種逐漸深入戰爭的轉變,不由得叫我唏噓。(但我幾乎無法同情日本人,因為無論是中日戰爭還是太平洋戰爭.......都是日本人自己先挑起來的。)
另一個讓我對本書印象深刻的地方,是本書的描述可不是停在二戰的結束,而是持續記錄了日本平民在戰後(最起碼到韓戰結束,大批美軍撤離日本之前)的生活及心態。
有一個特別讓我感觸的橋段,是日本在戰前以及戰爭時期的學校教育,不斷鼓吹要死命報效天皇以及為國贏得勝仗,但在戰後,教材卻立刻改成了讚揚美國民主政治以及廢除本來習以為常且行之有年的軍訓相關課程。
老師們一時之間無法接受,他們覺得之前那麼信賴國家的宣傳以及徹底實踐國家教材的一切(那時的教師可以因為學生不符合所謂的「讓日本強大起來」行為,任意毆打學生,甚至可以會把學生的鼓頭直接打斷造成學生留下不良於行的嚴重後遺症),如今卻要翻轉及執行與以往相反的理念?那他們究竟先前所信的、所做的又是什麼?
大部分學生雖然也有不小的疑惑以及震撼,但更多的是一種如夢似幻的解脫感。說起來殘酷的一點,會有這樣的解脫,是因為學生已經在戰爭後期持續的飢餓還有為軍隊進行高強度的勞動,而戰爭的結束,雖然沒能讓他們脫離飢餓,但最起碼結束了高強度但對戰局根本沒屁用的勞動。
(談到學生以及幼童的狀況,我是挺難過的,畢竟他們是無辜的,卻要承受戰爭的苦果。但換個念頭來想,即便是這些年幼的學生,在日後的訪談中,他們覺得投入戰爭贏得戰果卻是在正常或是迫切想要完成的榮譽,因此他們早在中日戰爭時期就為著戰果歡呼,並覺得一切對中國的戰爭行為是理所當然。
這樣一想,我起的一些憐憫心幾乎淡化絕大部分。但這些孩子真的是無罪的,畢竟他們只是聽大人的告誡以及投入到當時的社會氛圍中。那麼......又是誰該為那時的悲劇負責呢?)
我相信不同人看這本書會有不同的想法,但無論如何,裡面紀錄的內容非常真實,因為這些平民也就像是你我一般,因此他們所說的,格外貼近人心,同時也觸及人心。
說了這麼多,那麼......來抽獎吧!
想獲得《被遺忘的人群:神風特攻隊員、助產士、學生、教師,日本平民的二戰歷史記憶》的朋友,請完成以下動作:
1.
按讚及公開分享本篇文章
2.
請在底下留言「我想知道被遺忘的人群有何記憶」,然後如果您願意,可以多分享你對二戰的日本有什麼人事物讓你比較印象深刻呢?
(我個人對兩個東西比較有想法。
一個是昭和天皇宣布戰敗的「玉音放送」,我當時第一次聽,感想是......這錄音品質也太爛了吧?根本聽不清楚他說啥?順帶一提,當時日本還有一些底層軍人想要阻止天皇宣布戰敗,因此有謀劃及進行破壞錄音的政變,這個歷史事件還有拍成電影「日本最長的一天」,有興趣的人可以去看一下,不過我先事先警告......這部片很悶呀。
另一個同樣跟電影相關,就是描述二戰時期的日本海軍人才重要培訓第─江田島海軍兵學校,這種昭和時期的老電影有一種共同狀況......就是整個男性精力過剩,好像不大吼、不睜大眼、不激動,你就根本不配當人似的,以至於電影「啊!海軍」還出現了一個梗圖就是:很好!很有精神!)
我們將在一周後公布抽獎結果,預計會有3-5位的幸運兒(出版社大方呀),各位如果心動,趕緊來試試手氣呀。
購書可往此處走:
https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010889450
#被遺忘的人群
#臺灣商務出版
#我雖然不對日本人同情但我選擇不贈恨他們_只希望人類多少能夠記取那瘋狂時代下的一點點教訓了
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過5萬的網紅Imagine Scent,也在其Youtube影片中提到,MARCH FRAGRANCE HAUL 2017 (FRAGRANCES I BOUGHT IN THE MONTH OF MARCH) VLOG #2 Hey guys, I'm here to show you the fragrances that I bought in the mon...
world war 2 reflection 在 Facebook 的最佳解答
【🇩🇪🏞德國情景】♩. ♪ 德國的維希林城堡 (Vischering Castle)
#長得好像模型

中世纪的維希林城堡(Burg Vischering)被護城河所環繞,是威斯特伐利亞最古老的城堡,位於明斯特(Münster)以南30公里處。
Vischering Castle (German: Burg Vischering) in Lüdinghausen, North Rhine-Westphalia is the most typical moated castle in the Münster (region) of Germany. This region has one of the highest German concentrations of castles, palaces and fortifications, Lüdinghausen having three by itself. The castle consists of outer defensive courtyard, defensive gateways, moat, drawbridge, main building and chapel. The sandstone walls, the red tile roofs as well as their reflection in the moat provide many harmonious views from the wooded surroundings.
Vischering Castle was built by Bischop Gerhard von der Mark to counter the second castle built by the Von Lüdinghausen family. It became the seat of the Droste zu Vischering Family. Droste is the local title for the hereditary noble administrators serving the Bishops of Münster. The moat is constantly replenished by a side-arm of the River Stever. The outer defensive courtyard contains the business and farm buildings. The main building is a horseshoe-shaped three-story structure with heavy outer wall. Its inner courtyard is closed off by the chapel and a lower defense wall. A castle keep is missing, having been removed during Renaissance renovations. Fire destroyed the castle in 1521. Rebuilding took place on the existing foundation. Windows and the addition of a large bay made the castle more liveable but diminished its defensive character. The whole site however retains the character of a feudal age moated castle. Damage from air attack during World War II was minor.
Vischering Castle houses the Münsterlandmuseum, an exhibit on knighthood for children, as well as a cafe-restaurant. It serves as a cultural center for Kreis Coesfeld. Visiting hours are provided in the first link below. Viewing the outside is possible at all times. The second link provides a more detailed chronology of the castle in German .
world war 2 reflection 在 VOP Facebook 的精選貼文
新刊出版 New issue out now!🤘🔥🔥🔥
Voices of Photography 攝影之聲
Issue 28 : #沖繩專題
The #Okinawa Issue
「亞洲當代攝影文化現場系列」是我們聚焦亞洲各地影像文化與創作實踐的系列計畫,嘗試透過亞際跨域連結與在地論述視野,拓展我們對於攝影在亞洲的實踐歷程、視覺經驗、文化及其論域的認識座標,並藉此作為影像歷史與認識論的持續省思。
「沖繩專題」是此系列的第二輯,特別邀請影像研究者暨策展人町田惠美與許芳慈共同擔任客座主編。本期採雙向閱讀編輯,集結文論與訪談,穿越沖繩糾結的被殖民史與帝國陰霾,在霸權的支配和抵抗的鬥爭之間,批判地觀看沖繩的影像,以及作為影像的沖繩。
幾世紀前,位於太平洋上的琉球列島尚未成為「沖繩」,而是存在著一個封建君主制的國度——琉球王國,後經日本薩摩藩的島津氏入侵與大日本帝國擴張,廢琉設藩遭到併吞殖民,於1879年以「沖繩縣」編入日本國家體系之內。在二戰的尾聲、1945年激烈的沖繩島戰役後,美國的佔領統治期長達二十七年,沖繩從此劃進冷戰年代的軍事戰略島鏈。即使至1972年美國將沖繩「返還」日本,在「日美同盟」的交換條件下,僅為日本本土面積千分之六的沖繩,卻佈建了整體駐日美軍逾七成的軍事設施與基地。對某部分的沖繩來說,「戰後」彷彿被無限延長,使這個亞熱帶之島,彌漫著由地緣政治與新帝國主義擊燃而仍未散去的煙硝。
本專題介紹國吉和夫、石川真生、比嘉豐光與石川龍一等沖繩的影像實踐者,追索他們的生命經驗與攝影的多重構成,以及其間複雜的政治性問題意識;同時透過評論者仲里效、岡本由希子、仲宗根香織與井上間從文的專文,將影像之於沖繩、之於歷史,由慣常對於「如何再現」的注意力,置放於「如何建構」的維度。從而提示了影像不僅僅是從殖民的情境中派生,同時也反饋到殖民的情境裡,需要加以細緻地解析。
在專題的製作期間,由全球疫情激化的國際角力波濤洶湧。與沖繩同列第一島鏈的台灣等地讀者,閱讀本專題,或許會因類似的歷史背景與政治局勢處境而更能與沖繩共感。而在沖繩所帶來的種種啟示中,我們也將意識到對於當下的世界正在發生的反抗——無論是以國家主義修辭掩飾的極權主義和種族主義,或是以經濟復甦為號召的資本主義巨靈回魂,除非我們投入更多行動與關注,否則任何國家的「強國夢」,都會是人類史上的惡夢一場。
▍關於本期 About | https://bit.ly/vop-28
The “A Study of Contemporary Photography in Asia” series is a serial project that focuses on imagery culture and creative practice in various regions of Asia. Through this connection and a view that pans across Asia, we are trying to expand our understanding of the process of practice, visual experience, culture and the identifying coordinates of photography in Asia, and using such knowledge as a continuous reflection of imagery history and epistemology.
Second in the series is the Okinawa issue that features Machida Megumi and Hsu Fang-Tze, both imagery researchers and curators, as our guest editors. This issue adopts a dual reading and editing process; a combination of essays and interviews brings readers through the complicated colonial history and the burden of empiricism on the island, taking a critical view of Okinawa’s imagery, and Okinawa as an imagined object while it struggled against hegemony.
Several centuries ago, there existed no “Okinawa”, but the Ryukyu Kingdom, a feudal kingdom in the Ryukyu Islands in the Pacific Ocean. After the invasion by the forces of the feudal domain of Satsuma, and subsequently by the Empire of Japan, the Ryukyu Islands were annexed and colonized, and in 1879, established as the Okinawa Prefecture. At the end of the Second World War in 1945, the U.S. forces occupied and ruled Okinawa for 27 years, sealing its fate in the strategic chain of islands in the Cold War era. Even when the U.S. forces “returned” Okinawa to Japan in 1972, the island, which only constitutes 0.6% of Japan’s total land area, houses more than 70% of the U.S.'s military facilities and bases stationed in the whole country under the US-Japan Security Alliance. To some parts of Okinawa, it almost feels like that the “post-war” era never ended, surrounding this subtropical island with a plume of smoke that rose from the collision between geopolitics and new imperialism.
In this series, we take a look at the layered composition of the life experiences and photography by Okinawan imagery practitioners Kuniyoshi Kazuo, Ishikawa Mao, Higa Toyomitsu and Ishikawa Ryuichi, as well as the complicated political consciousness that is birthed from this interaction. We also move our focus from the question of “how to represent” to “how to construct” the background of Okinawa and its history through the essays by Nakazato Isao, Okamoto Yukiko, Nakasone Kaori and Inoue Mayumo. Through such a redirection of focus, we see the need for a careful analysis as it shows us that imagery is not only generated from colonization, but also feeds back into the issue.
While putting this issue together, the world is being ravaged by the COVID-19 pandemic, intensifying power rivalries. We imagine that our readers in Taiwan and other areas, which belong in the first island chain alongside Okinawa, would feel even more relevance to the island (Okinawa), given our similar histories and political situations. As we feel inspired by Okinawa in many ways, we also become aware of the struggles that are happening around the world, whether it is one against totalitarianism and racism under the mask of nationalistic rhetoric, or the return of capitalism in the name of economic recovery. Until we put into action our words and resist, any dream of a “nation of great power” is but a nightmare for the history of humankind.
___
Voices of Photography 攝影之聲
www.vopmagazine.com
world war 2 reflection 在 Imagine Scent Youtube 的精選貼文
MARCH FRAGRANCE HAUL 2017 (FRAGRANCES I BOUGHT IN THE MONTH OF MARCH) VLOG #2
Hey guys, I'm here to show you the fragrances that I bought in the month of March. I don't normally do fragrance hauls but I decided it was a nice day so why not. So I have both niche and designers for you guys today, and I'm also filming outdoors too! :)
---FRAGRANCE MENTIONED---
Valentino Uomo Intense by Valentino- This is not one of my favorite fragrance but it is a very nice one. In terms of iris dominant fragrances I would say this is the best one. It's not too thick, and not hard to wear. Very pleasing in the air and great for most season except for summer. Awesome mass pleasing fragrance. http://amzn.to/2mGRmun
Allure Homme Sport Eau Extreme by Chanel- This one is a true compliment monster. I’ve never been recognize so much for a fragrance before besides one other fragrance. It’s unbelievably great. Fresh yet delicious smelling. Projects very well, and last a good work day. It’s quickly becoming one of my most favorite designer fragrance of all time. http://amzn.to/2n4qljX
First Instinct by Abercrombie & Fitch- This is the teenage by the beach fragrance. Fresh, uplifting, and fairly unique. It has a very pleasing note of melon, which is rare to find in fragrances. I love the smell and if you're in highschool or college age, this is a definite must try. http://amzn.to/2nWhjWW
Aqva Amara by Bvlgari- This is the by far my favorite designer citrus fragrance. It's so strong, so manly, but not harsh. Crazy how they were able to make that possible. Affordable and great quality. http://amzn.to/2nW6hkv
Acier Aluminium by Creed- One of the hidden gem of the mainstream niche world in my personal opinion. It's a unique take and a classic barbershop scent. Creative use of metallic notes to give an appearances of a knight in shinning armor. Besides the metallic you're going to get a combination of dry spices and dried fruits. Surprisingly great reaction from my peers. Great performance and silage. Love it! http://amzn.to/2ntHuA6
Reflection Man by Amouage- One of the best niche fragrance in the world in terms of pleasing the crowd. It's formal yet casual. Sexy yet mysterious. You seriously cannot go wrong with Reflection Man for a crowd pleasing, versatile, niche fragrance. http://amzn.to/2mH4sYE
Owlcreek Aleworks by Solstice Scent- This is one of the best gourmand fragrances ever. Created by one of the best gourmand house in today's market. It smells very delicious and mouth-watering. It's on my Top 5 most delicious gourmand, and the house is on my Top 5 most amazing niche house. http://bit.ly/2nZ1OOq
Destrier by House of Matriarch- This is leather, hay, sweet grass, and musk. It's was inspired by the the popular TV show Game of Thrones. The fragrance gives off a farm like hay smell with a soft musk and leather to symbolize the war horse in Game of Thrones. Great artistic fragrance, well blended, and a must try for hay lover. http://bit.ly/2nW2mnO
MUSIC
https://www.epidemicsound.com/
WHERE I GET MOST OF MY SAMPLES
http://www.luckyscent.com/
https://www.scentsplit.com
MY TOP 10 DESIGNERS RIGHT NOW
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SUBSCRIBE FOR MORE AWESOME REVIEWS
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Stay tune for more Top 10 Best Men Fragrances, Most Complimented Fragrances, Best Designer Fragrances, Best Niche Fragrances, Brand Reviews, and much much more.