關於 year of the cow meaning ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Happy Chinese New Year! To the year of the Cow🥂
In Chinese, Cow has another meaning. It means Cool!
Have you seen the interview of Quentin Tarantino on Conan O'Brien's show?
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#education #film #movie #actorslife #hollywood #culture #chinese #languages #chinesenewyear

[The Evolution of Religions in India]

In the early days, India had a great civilization. From 3000-2000 BC, Harappa and Mohenjodaro were the great civilizations there. The actual occupants of India who lived there were the Dravidia race. The Dravidia were the indigenous people who have lived in Harrapa which was located in Punjab and North Karachi around 3000-2000 BC [1].

Dravidia was known to believe in politheist that is believing in multiple Gods. This can be segregated into many for instance, God in fertility and God in prosperity [2]. According to Ernest Mackay in his book titled Early Indus Civilizations, most of the Indus worshipped animals such as crocodiles and elephants and trees like peepal [3]. Moreover, rituals such as slaughtering animals were held to be presented in front oftheir Gods. Apart from that, they found a man-made pool where a ritual called “Great Bath” was performed. The “Great Bath” was the holy bath ritual and this was found in Mohenjodaro. The purpose of this worship and ritual was to show their gratitude towards the Gods to receive blessing and prosperity upon them [4].

There is a famous theory interpreted as the change of the India social life structure in those days. This theory relates to Arya entering India. Around 1800-1000 BC, the Arya which was originated from Iran entered India. The word Arya means noble and they were noble race. Their facial features were fair skin with pointed nose and were famous for their art of war. The Dravidia were not good in war and therefore they were defeated by the Arya. Hence, the Dravidia people migrated to the South part of India [5]. The evidence of this war was proven by the archaeologist who performed the excavation in Harappa. They found lots of dead human skeleton which proves that the war happened between Arya and Dravidia and Arya defeated Dravidia. Apart from that, the Harappa city was demolished [6].

Introduction of Monotheism By Arya to India
In India, the structure of the religion was influenced by the Arya until Brahma was introduced or also known as Hindu today. Way before Arya entered India, they had their own belief and it was called Arya Dharma [7]. Dharma means ‘Way of Life’ and therefore Arya Dharma means ‘Arya Way of Life’[8]. The concept of Arya Dharma is that they believe in one God and this is referring to the monotheism [9]. Most of the westerner researchers claimed that Arya Dharma was influenced by the Zoroaster religion which was originated from Iran. This is because there are similarities in the Book of Veda and the Holy Book of Zoroaster that is the Gathas according to Mary Boyce in her research from the Zoroastrians: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices.

Another source claims that Arya Dharma was influenced by the Abraham or Ibrahim from Mesopotamia. Prof Uthaya Naidu mentioned in his book titled “Bible of Aryan Invasions: Aryan Invasions & Genocide of Negroes, Semites & Mongols The Bible of Aryan Invasions” that in between 1500 BC and 800 BC there were 4 attacks following by the Aryan entering India. The 4 attacks were called:
1. Arya Rigvedic (1500 BC)
2. Aryan II (1400 BC)
3. Ras Arya Krishnaite (1200 BC)
4. Ras Arya Mahabharata (900-800 BC)

The first invasion which is known as Arya Rigvedic was the major attack caused by Arya to India and fought with Dravidia which was the first people to attack the civilization in Indus river. It resulted in Dravidia was defeated and were expelled to South India. In the following century which was known as the second entry of Arya to India it was known as Indo-Arya civilization. The Arya conquered two main parts in India: Punjab and Doab [10]. After the entrance of Aryan II to India, the Book of Veda was written in Sanskrit as the main language. This is because the Aryan II spread their belief and religion to India. The belief and religion that was brought to India by Arya was influenced by monotheism.
They worshipped a God named Brahman. Apart from that, they also believed in multiple Gods that represents world such as Pretivi as the God of Earth, Surya as the God of Sun, Vayu as the God of Wind, Varuna as the God of Ocean and Agni as the God of Fire [11]. Although the names of the Gods had only existed after the writing of Book of Veda, the spiritual belief towards the Gods were there way before that [12].

Vedic Era
When Aryan started to migrate to India, the mixture of the culture and religion occurred and therefore this was how the Book of Veda was written around 1400 to 1000 BC. It was known as the Vedic Era [13]. The Book of Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Athraya Veda were written based on the mixture of Arya theology and Dravidia. Moreover, they had also written another Holy book which was called Upanishads. The content of Books of Veda and Upanishads were combined and called as the Holy Book of Sruti was revealed [14].

Veda was originally called as Brahma religion and the language of this religion was called the Sanskrit. The believers mastered this language [15]. Originally, the Sanskrit was mastered by the Aryan only. But after mastering the language, the people were slowly not interested to master the language anymore. Hence, the mixture of the Sanskrit language with the language used by Dravidia, came in the new languages such as the Kannada, Telugu and Malayali. These new languages were originated from the ancient language of Proto Dravida which was mixed from the halt of the usage of the Sanskrit by the Brahmin [16].

This is because the Brahmin or the priests of the Brahmin were originally from the Arya clan and therefore, they were responsible to teach the Indians in Sanskrit language [17].

The Birth of Non-Caste Religion in India
In the 7th Century BC, the Brahmin had introduced the caste system that is the hierarchical system [18]. This hierarchical system consisting of religionist, rulers (government), companies and those people who followed the religion. In 600 BC, a ruler for the Jainism religion came into picture and was known as Vardhmana or Mahavira. This religion did not practice the caste system like the Brahma did. The language used in Jainism was Prakrit but this religion was only practiced inside India. No sign of development of this religion outside India.

After a few years later, around 563 BC, the Siddharta Gautama Buddha was born. He introduced his religion which was called Buddha without the caste system. He used Pali as the langugage to convey the religion. He had so many students under him and this made the Buddhism to be spread world wide. When these two religions (Jainism and Buddhism) were developing, the Vedic or the Brahma was slowly degenerating.

The Introduction to the writing of Holy Book of Smriti
As the time, culture and geography changed, the Sanskrit language had diminished. But the effort was still there to make sure that the Sanskrit language preserved. Wendy Doniger mentioned in her book titled The Hindus: An Alternative History that a new wave existed which had historical and saga elements and these books are Mahabhrata and Ramayana. The writing of these scriptures started in 300 BC-200 C and some historians claimed that the writing of the two books started in 400 BC [19].

This time around was known as the Wiracarita where a big epic war occurred between Arjuna, Krishna (Mahabhrata) and Sri Rama (Ramayana). In Mahabhrata, it consists of stories that relates to the existence of multiple Gods that led to the development of the Book of Purana [20]. The writing and the development of this Book was meant to maintain the usage of Sanskrit language among the Aryan people in India.
During 300 BC till 500 C was the time of new development in Brahma. It was known as Puranic time where the writing of the other scriptures began besides the Book of Sruti (Veda and Upanishads) in order to be used in Brahma [21]. The writing of the other Holy Book besides Sruti was known as the writing of Smriti. Among the Holy Books that were written during this time comprising Books of Sutra Dharma, Shastras, Mahabhrata, Ramayana, Bhagavad Gita, Pura and others.

During Puranic time, the construction of the statue of Greece or Hellenism had started to enter India and influenced the Brahma. Apart from that, Dravidia was the main religion that introduced polytheism and it also reflect in the writings of the holy books and Purana story-line. In the early history, the Brahma was not known as worshipperof multiple Gods (polytheism). They only believed in one God. Around 1500 BC to 300 BC (Vedic), no signs of holy statues found and worshipped by the people during that time.

Why the era of Vedic do not have statue?
In the era of vedic (1500 SM- 500 SM), there were no idol or image of God worshipped by the people during that time. It is due to the law which forbid to create idols in the image of God as stated in the book of Veda and Upanishads (Sruti). Furthermore, the book Veda and Upanishads should be their reference. Following verse shows the prohibition of worshipping idols:
1) “na tasya pratima asti
“God do not have any image.” (Yajurveda 32:3)

2) “shudhama poapvidham”
“God do not have established body and it is pure.” (Yajurveda 40:8)

3) “Andhatama pravishanti ye asambhuti mupaste”
“Those worshipper of nature (air, water, fire or soil) will enter darkness and even goes in deeper for those who worship idols.(Yajurveda 40:9)

Even during this era, the characteristics of monotheism of God was emphasized in the Rig Veda and Upanishads.
1) “Ekam sadvipra bahudhaavadanti
“God is one and intelligent people praise God with various name” ( Rigveda book 1: hymn 164 verse 46)

2) “Ekam eva advityam Brahman”[22]
“God is one, there is no two” (Chandogya Upanishad chapter 6 hymn 2 verse 1)
Moreover, there are many verses similar to it but the religion started to grow with the additional Holy Book in year of 300 SM. It is known as the wave writing of the Smriti Book which gave an impact towards Brahma religion till the story of God’s and King’s that rapidly persuaded by own verse interpretations. It can be seen in the book of Mahabhrata and the book of Purana. The book of Purana contained many parts which well known as Mahapurana which divided into 18 books such as;
a) Brahmapurana, b) Padmapurana, c) Visnupurana, d) Bhagavatapurana, e) Naradapurana, f) Markandeypurana, g) Agnipurana, h) Bhavisyapurana, i) Brahmavaiavartapurana, j) Lingapurana, k) Varahapurana, l) Skandapurana, m) Kurmapurana, n) Matsyapurana, o) Garudapurana, dan p) Brahmandapurana.
This book was gathered within a long duration and known as the written period of Puranic. [23] There were mixed and additional information with regards to the question of God in Brahma religion happened in this era. It started from this era which the doctrine of pantheism and polytheism started to expand and grow within the Brahma adherent. The doctrine which believed that everything are able to provide benefits which constituted the elements of God (pantheism), worshipping idols and make God more than one which align with the incarnation of God. It undergo through creature body with various types (avatar) and henotheism.

New command of inventing Idols
The book Purana encourage the Hindu adherent to invent idols. There are text in the book Matsya Purana which explained about it and located under the topic of Arsetektur (base on the reference of I Wayan Maswinara.

“There are idols that must be placed inside the temple. The idol of God Visnu need to be designed with four hands and eight hands. If the design consist of 8 hands, the hand, we must hold the Sankha (Skin of a shell), gada, arrow and lotus. Left hand need to hold the arc, Padma, and a cakra. If they invent only four hands, gada and Padma consist in my right hand while cakra and sankha will be on left hand. Visnu will be pictured by standing on the early. Garuda the king of bird will move around it. Then, Garuda will be at the right leg of Visnu. Idols of Laksmi Goddess will be on the left side of Visnu idols and Laksmi idols need to hold the Lotus flower. The good idols will be created by gold, silver, copper, jewelry, stone, wood and a mix of metal. The size of Gods and Goddess has to be true.”[25]

Same goes to other Gods. Purana has outlined the picture and image of their God until the idols needs to be created. For example, the face and structure of Siva has been outlined in the Purana:
”Idol of Lord Siva need to be created using a loose long hair and need to put a moon on the forehead. The idols need to describe Siva at the age of 16 years old. Siva need to wear clothes which created by animal fur and has snake necklace on his neck. The ear will be attach with peacock fur. If the stick need to be attached, it has to be on the left side. Furthermore, Siva ride on a cow which the idols have two hands and if the idols of Siva is made in situation of dancing, the idols need to consist of 10 hands. Moreover, if the idols is meant to show Lord Siva destroying the Tripura, the idols need to have 16 hands.”[26]
The book of Purana explained the story about the requirement of designing the Idols. It shows the development which do not belongs to the actual teaching of Veda. Even Siva did not mention in the earliest book such as Veda and Upanishads. [27] In the Era in which is the rising of second Hindu religion which there were many additional doctrine of the Veda teaching.
In the era of Puranic, the religion of Hindu was influenced by polytheism. Besides, the development and expanding of worshipping the idols at temples happened. After that, the religion of Brahma started to extinct. During the rulings time of Asoka in India, under the empire of Maurya. King Asoka declared the Buddhism as their official religion. In year 269-232 SM. King Asoka emphasized on the language usage of Pali in order to spread the religion of Buddha. [28]

At the ruling time of Asoka, the development and preaching of Hinduism in India was stunted due to expanding of Buddhism religion rapidly towards the east. After a while, Brahma religion gain new opportunity when the empire of Gupta took over the ruling dominantly in India.

During this era, the usage of Sanskrit language was revived and indicates Hinduism religion as an official religion. Moreover, during the rising of Gupta empire (320 M- 500 M) shows the development of Hinduism traditions which is to create few flow that focuses towards the Lords inside the community. For example, Vaishnavisme ( focused on Vishnu), Shaivisme ( focused on Siva ) and Shaktisme ( focused on head of Goddess). That’s the reason why the Hindu temple was influenced by God from Siva, Vishnu and Devi family. There was no temples focus on Brahma result to different types of Brahma which rarely spoken by the Hindu followers.[29]

Based on Wendy Doniger books entitle The Hindus, the written of Smriti book was successfully completed and gathered during the Gupta empire and was made as reference for Hindu followers. The books of Purana was made as an important reference of the infrastructure of idols inside the temples. The image of Gods inside the temples was majoritydesigned according to the book of Purana.[30] Therefore, the practice of Hinduism in this era are mostly influenced with the development of Puranic and Gupta empire.

Discussion about the Hinduism name.
The word Hindu or Hinduism was not found in any holy book of Hinduism even the word was been newly introduced.[31] Based on Pundit Jawahar LaI Nehru inside the book, Discovery of India, the word Hindu was firstly used by the Persian which refers to the Indus River. They called it as Hindus.[32]

After that, the word Hindu was used by an author from British in the year of 1830. It refers to the teachings and religion professed by the community overthere. Polemic occurred among the scholars in India towards the name of religion professed by the Hindu follower. They embraced the Veda scriptures. They enjoyed with the name Vedanta which means a person who followed the Veda scripture. There is also other name such as Sanatana Dharma which means the eternal truth (natural law). They are also synonym with Brahma religion while the word Hindu do not agree whole among their scholar. Moreover, the word was expand and become a specific name towards the religion embraced by a group of people who follow the Veda scriptures and culture of India.

Conclusion
The original teaching of Veda and Upanishads is emphasized on the concept of monotheism. The concept of God and Goddess was changed whilst entering the era when smriti is written. After that, it developed and expanded through the introduction of types of worshipping according to the classes of their Gods such as Siva, Vishnu and Dewi. It continued till the era which the Hinduism owns the history and faced the up and down phased in a long duration. It also includes the Modern era which consist of few figures such as Ram Mohan Roy, Sri Ramakrishna, Swami Vivekananda, Mahatma Gandhi and many more that contribute the innovation of ideas towards this teaching.

Key Note:
__________________________________
[1] Before the existent of Dravidia group, theearliest group are as such Negrito and Ausroloid. Dravidia group is a group that developed the big civilization in India and they ruled the place before the coming of Arya group.
[2]Ibid,pg45
[3] Refer to Ernest Mackay, (1948). Early Indus Civilizations, Luzac & Company LTD, London,hlm52-76
[4] Refer to Esa Khalid & Mohd Azhar Abd Hamid, (2005). Beberapa Aspek Tamadun Melayu, India, China dan Jepun, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor,pg 341/ Refer Professor Gavin Flood, (2009). History of Hindusim - www.bbc.co.uk-religions Hinduism- Discussion about the Gods of Hindu also got controversy which is discovering the Proto Siva idols which worshipped by the Dravidia people. The polemic still discussed among the teologent.
[5] That’s the reason why North of India and South of India have significant differences. They were known as Tamil community in South of India and were known as Hindustan community in North of India. The differences not only the face and genetics but the differences in terms of speech, thinking and beliefs.
[6] Refer to Rasamandala Das, (-). The Illustrated Encylopedia of Hinduism, Lorenz Books, Armadillo, page 20-21 / Refer Sihombing,(1962). India: Sejarah dan kebudayaan, Bandung: SumurBandung,no.12.
[7] Flood, Gavin D. (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism, Cambridge University Press, pg 3
[8] Refer to Hiltebeitel, Alf (2007). artikel Hinduism. Edited by Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture, RoutledgeCurzon Tylor & Francis Group,London, pg3-6
[9] Mohd Rosmizi Abd Rahman dan rakan-rakan, (2012). Agama-Agama Di Dunia, USIM,NegeriSembilan, pg 37
[10] Refer to Drs. I Ketut Wiana, M. Ag, (2013). Pokok-Pokok Ajaran Hindu, PT Paramita Surabaya, pg 6
[11] Refer to Muhammad Alexander, (2011). Yakjuj & Makjuj 5 Gelombang Pembawa Bencana, PTS, Selangor, pg 311
[12] Interesting discussion by Prof. Uthaya Naidu have a view which the Gods inside Veda was the name of the leaders of Arya Nation when they entered India. One of it is Indra which was known as Lord of Wind. Refer to text Veda which are Rig Veda VIII, 87: 6, Rig Veda IX 73: 5, Rig Veda VI 130: 8, Rig Veda VII 12: 4, it is a text indicates the story of Indra fighting against the black community or known as Dravidia and Koloria during the conquer of India. [13] Refer to Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century, pg 185/ Refer Drs. I Ketut Wiana, M. Ag, (2002). Pokok-Pokok Ajaran Hindu, Penerbitan Paramita Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, pg 6-7/ Refer Abu Su’ud, (1988). Memahami Sejarah Bangsa-Bangsa Asia Selatan, Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Derektorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, no 46
[14] Lihat Rasamandala Das, (-). The Illustrated Encylopedia of Hinduism, Lorenz Books, Armadillo, pg 23.
[15] It is a need to emphasis that Arya Nation did not embraced Hinduism but they brought a new teaching gained by Indo-Arya, according to Prof, Norman Brown inside the Book, Pakistan and Western Asia. The culture of Arya was closer to Zoroaster Avesta holy scriptures which teach oneness of God. Meanwhile Hinduism is a result of syncretism with the culture of others after long time they stayed till the existent of Hinduism today.
[16] Refer to Soegiri DS, (2008). Arus Filsafat, PT Ultimus, Bandung, Indonesia, hlm 244, It is due to the group of Aryan that wants the community to use the Sanskrit language as their medium communication while in earliest phase they used Sanskrit language as a foreign language which do not used by the Dravidia tribes.
[17] Refer to Arnold Toynbee (2004). Sejarah Umat Manusia, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta, pg 189-192.
[18] Eventhough the arguments that Kasta or Varna was introduced in Rig Veda books: 90: 11-12 but the meaning does not refer to some part of the community which built one body. The complicated Kast system was covered with religion which started to develop in the era of 8 SM.
[19] Refer Wendy Doniger, (2009). The Hindus: An Alternative History, Penguin Books, USA, pg 214-230. There are few opinions was written in the year 400 SM such as Molloy, Michael (2008). Experiencing the World's Religions. pg 87 dan Brockington, J. (1998). The Sanskrit Epics, Leiden pg 26 and Van Buitenen; The Mahabharata, Jilid. 1; The Book of the Beginning. Introduction.
[20] Refer Ananda K. Coomarasmawy & Sister Nivedita, (2016). Myths Of The Hindus And Buddhists, Dover Publications, New York, pg 4-10.
[21] Furthermore, they faced downturn era in between the duration of Puranic.
[22] Max Muller translated: “In the beginning,’my dear,’ my dear,’there was that only which is (τὸ ὄν), one only, without a second. Others say, in the beginning there was that only which is not (τὸ μὴ ὄν), one only, without a second; and from that which is not, that which is was born.”
[23] Differences occurred among the Indologist regards to the date of Purana firstly written. Based on Wendy Doniger also did research about the age of the Purana scriptures written and they identified it was around 250 M-1000 M. It started with Matsya Purana and Markandey Purana around 250 M and end with Linga Purana around 1000 M.
[24] Avatar was an incarnation or the birth of God in a form of human such as Lord Visnu. Lord Visnu came down to the earth through incarnation and become Sri Rama, Krishna and Buddha.
[25] Refer to I Wayan Maswinara, (2002). Matsya Purana, PT Paramita, Surabaya, pg 88-89.
[26] Ibid pg 89
[27] Siva’s name was not found in the Veda and Upanishads scriptures. It was introduced in the era of Puranic. Their scholars have an opinion about the character of Siva inside the Veda which is Rudra. Refer to Stephen Knapp (2010). Avatars, Gods and Goddesses of Vedic Culture,hlm4.
[28] Refer to Azharudin Mohd Dali, (2004). Tamadun India, Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka, KualaLumpur,hlm93-94
[29] Refer to Professor Gavin Flood, (2009). History of Hindusim - www.bbc.co.uk-religions Hinduism: Safe to say that there wasn’t a Brahma Temple
[30] Refer to Wendy Doniger, (2009). The Hindus: An Alternative History, Penguin Books, USA, pg 370-405
[31] Refer to James Hansting and others (-) Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Jilid 6 pg 699
[32] Inside Zend Avesta scriptures, the usage word of Hapta-Hendu refers to India. Refer to Zend Avesta, Vendidad: Fargard 1. 8

[美國大學最知名的畢業致詞 This is water]

看了新聞 發現美國高中生80秒對美國教育的批評被傳遍

也被翻譯了

然而這篇也同樣熱門 甚至更有意義的卻被忽視了

所以筆者決定自己把字幕找出來 一句一句翻給大家看

希望能對學弟妹有些幫助 看完能有些想法 順便練英文囉XD

如果對這系列有興趣 喜歡的話 還請幫忙分享出去

花了快一個多小時翻譯= =||| 不過可能翻的也沒有很好

日後筆者會翻譯更多篇好影片過來

-------------

There are these two young fish swimming along
有兩隻年輕的魚正在悠游

And they happen to meet an older fish swimming the otherway
他們碰巧遇到了一隻老魚

Who nods at them and says morning boys how's thewater?
老魚向他們點頭說:早阿 今天的水如何?

And the two young fish swim on for a bit and eventually
One of them looks over at the other and goes
What the hell is water?

這兩隻魚又游了一下 最終其中一隻說 什麼是水?


The point of the fish story is merely that the most obvious
Important realities are often the ones that are hardest

魚的故事是在指出一個明確 重要的事實 也同時是最困難的


To see and talk about Stated as an english sentence of course is just a banal platitude

如果只是去探討英文上的句子 顯然只是一個平庸的老生常談

But the fact is that in the day to day trenches of adult existence
Banal platitudes can have a life or death importance

然而事實是 在一天一天如打戰般的成人生活

平庸的老生常談經常有生或死的重要性

The plain fact is that you graduating seniors Do not yet have any clue What day in day out really means

事實是 當妳從高中畢業 你不會知道真正的生活意義是什麼

There happen to be whole large parts of adult
American life That nobody talks about in commencement speeches

這發生在大部分美國成年人的生活中 沒有人開始在演講中談論這個

One such part involves boredom routine and petty frustration

其中很大一部分是無聊 重複的生活 和非常大的挫折

The parents and older folks here will know all too well what I'm talking about

在這裡的父母和比較老的成年人會非常清楚我在講些什麼

By way of example let's say it's an average adult day

舉例而言 讓我們看看現在成年人的生活

And you get up in the morning Go to your challenging white collar college
graduate job

你早上起床 去面對充滿挑戰性的白領生涯

And you work hard for eight or ten hours And at the end of the day you're tired and stressed

你工作非常辛苦 每天八到十小時 到了一天的盡頭 你累癱了 而且充滿了壓力


And all you want is to go home and have good supper And maybe unwind for an hour and then hit the sack early Because of course you have to get up the next25.day and do it all again But then you remember there's no food at home

你唯一想做的就是回家 吃一頓豐盛的晚餐 也許 放鬆個幾個小時

或直接倒到床上

因為 理所當然的 你明天也得重複一遍

但你忽然想起家裡沒有食物了

You haven't had time to shop this week because of your challenging job
And so now after work you have to get in your car and drive to the supermarket

因為妳充滿挑戰性的工作 這一周你都沒有時間去採買

所以現在 在下班後你必須開車去超級市場

It's the end of the work day and the traffic is apt to be very bad

在一天工作的結束 交通通常非常糟糕

So getting to the store takes way longer than it should

所以你去店裡的時間 也比一般需要花的長

And when you finally get there the supermarket is very crowded

當你終於到了超級市場 卻需要面對人潮洶湧

Because of course it's the time of day when all the other people with jobs
Also try to squeeze in some grocery shopping But you can't just get in and quickly out

因為 理所當然的 不只你 其他有工作的人也需要擠出一點時間來採買

所以你不無法迅速的採買就離開

You have to wander all over the huge over lit store's confusing aisles

你需要在巨大令人困惑 琳瑯滿目的商品走到中困惑

To find the stuff you want and you have to maneuver your junky cart

去找到你真正需要 可以放進你品質很糟的購物車中

Through all these other tired hurried people with carts

還得和別人搶購物車

Et cetera et cetera cutting stuff out because this is a long ceremony

等等等等 這是一個漫長的儀式

And eventually you get all your supper supplies Except now it turns out there aren't enough check-out lanes open

最終你買到你的晚餐 然而卻發現沒有足夠的櫃台是開的

So the checkout line is incredibly long which is stupid and infuriating

所以隊伍排得不可思議的長 這是愚蠢而且氣死人的事情

But you can't take your frustration out on the frantic lady working the register

但你無法將你的挫折與怒氣 發洩在結帳小姐身上

Who is overworked at a job whose daily tedium and meaninglessness

尤其他們的生活已經是需要過度的工作 整天單調無聊又沒意義

Surpasses the imagination of any of us here at a prestigious college

勝於任何在座 就讀於名校的學生

But anyway you finally get to the checkout line's front

總之 無論如何 你最終到了隊伍前面

And you pay for your food and you get told to Have a nice day

你為你的食物付了錢 並得到了一句 祝你有個愉快的一天

In a voice that is the absolute voice of death Then you have to take your creepy flimsy plastic bags of groceries

這句話適用無聊死氣沉沉的聲音說出來的

然後你得提者你笨重 脆弱的塑膠袋

And then you have to drive all the way home
through Slow heavy SUV-intensive rush-hour traffic

然後你還得開車回家 在交通尖峰時刻


et cetera et cetera Everyone here has done this of course

等等等等 在座的每一個人 都做過類似的事情

But it hasn't yet been part of you graduates actual life routine
Day after week after month after year But it will be
但這還沒成為你畢業後 每一天 每一周 每一月 真正的生活 但總有一天會


And many more dreary annoying seemingly meaningless routines besides

還有更多無聊 沒意義的生活行程

But that is not the point The point is that petty frustrating crap like
this Is exactly where the work of choosing is gonna come in

但這不是重點 重點是在這挫折的鳥事 正是選擇來臨的時候

Because the traffic jams and crowded aisles and long checkout lines

因為在嚴重的塞車 和壅擠的隊伍中

Give me time to think and if I don't makea conscious decision About how to think and what to pay attention

給了我們時間去思考 如果我們不去做一個有知覺的決定

關於我們要如何去集中注意力去思考

I'm gonna be pissed and miserable every time

我們將會生氣 悲慘的度過每一天

I have to shop Because my natural default setting is the
certainty That situations like this are really all about

我必須要去採買 因為天生設定的的缺陷


me About my hungriness and my fatigue and my
desire to just get home

這關於我的慾望 我的想要 我想要直接回家休息


And it's going to seem for all the world like
everybody else is just in my way And who are all these people in my way?

所以這讓整個世界看起來 其他人只是在擋我的路

And look at how repulsive most of them are And how stupid and cow-like and dead-eyed

看看他們多令人厭惡 又笨有者母牛般的死眼睛

And nonhuman they seem in the checkout line Or at how annoying and rude it is that people

沒有人比排在你前面的人更煩更粗魯的了

Are talking loudly on cell phones in the middle of the line

他們拿者手機講話大聲 完全不顧旁人感受

If I choose to think this way in a store and on the freeway

如果我選擇在店裡 在高速公路上 這樣去思考

Fine lots of us do Except thinking this way tends to be so easy

當然可以 大部分的我們都是這樣去思考的 因為這樣想很容易

and automatic That it doesn't have to be a choice

這是很自動的 好似我們並沒有選擇

It is my natural default setting It's the automatic way that I experience

這是我們的天生設置缺陷 這是來自我經驗很自動的事情

The boring frustrating crowded parts of adult life

無聊又令人挫折的成人生活

That I am the center of the world And that my immediate needs and feelings
Are what should determine the world�s priorities The thing is that of course there are totally different ways To think about these kinds of situations

我是世界的中心，而我的眼前有需要和感受

應該確定什麼世界上優先考慮的事情

當然也有完全不同的方式來思考這些種情況

In this traffic all these vehicles stopped and idling in my way

在這個交通所有這些車輛停了下來，用我的方式空轉

It's not impossible that some of these people in SUV's

這不是不可能的，有些開者SUV的人

Have been in horrible auto accidents in the past

曾遇過可怕的交通意外

And now find driving so terrifying that their therapist

以至於認為開車事非常恐懼的 只能尋求治療師的協助

Has all but ordered them to get a huge heavy SUV

所以命令他們去開巨大 又笨重的suv休旅車

So they can feel safe enough to drive Or I can choose to force myself to consider
the likelihood That everyone else in the supermarkets checkout
line Is just as bored and frustrated as I am

所以，他們可以感到安全，或者我可以選擇強迫自己考慮
一種的可能性，其他人在超市結帳時也是一樣的無聊和沮喪
我也是那個讓人感到生氣的人


And that some of these people probably have much harder

甚至有些人有更困難的情況

More tedious and painful lives than I do Again please don't think that I'm giving you moral advice Or that I'm saying you are supposed to think

他們可能有更無聊 單調 痛苦的生活

再次提醒 不要我在給你們道德上的建議 或者告訴你們應該怎麼去思考


this way Or that anyone expects you to just automatically
do it Because it's hard

這只是一種對你們能自動去思考ˋ的期待 因為這很難

It takes will and effort and

這需要很大的努力

if you are like me
Some days you won't be able to do it Or you just flat out won't want to

如果妳像我 有些日子你不需要去這樣想 或者單純的你不想要去

But most days if you're aware enough to give yourself a choice

但在大多天 如果你有足夠的意識 給自己一個機會

You can choose to look differently At this fat dead eyed over made up lady
Who just screamed at her kid in the checkout line

你可以選擇在這一個在隊伍中對者他小孩大吼的女胖子 以不同的眼光看待

Maybe she's not usually like this Maybe she's been up three straight nights
holding the hand of a husband who is dying of bone cancer

也許他並不常像這樣 也許他已經很多晚上握者他即將死於骨癌丈夫的手


Or maybe this very lady is the low wage clerk At the motor vehicle department who just yesterday Helped your spouse resolve a horrific infuriating Red tape problem through some small act of

或者，也許他是低工資的業務員 在機車部門剛好服務了你的太太解決了問題


Of course none of this is likely but it's
also not impossible It just depends what you what to consider

沒有什麼是不可能的 只是看你如何去思考而已


If you're automatically sure that you know what reality is
And you are operating on your default setting Then you like me probably won't consider possibilities

如果妳都自動的腦補 確定你知道什麼是真實

那麼你只是自動執行你天生的缺陷 你不會去思考其他可能性

if you really learn how to think how to
pay attention Then you will know there are other options

如果你真的學者去思考和注意 你將會知道你有其他選項


It will actually be within your power to experience A crowded hot slow consumer hell type situation
As not only meaningful but sacred On fire with the same force that made the
stars Love fellowship the mystical oneness of all

實際上，它會在你的能力範圍內，遇到擁擠的慢熱消費者地獄的情況

This I submit is the freedom of a real education Of learning how to be well adjusted

這是我提出的建議 一個自由 真實的教育 是要學習如何調整自己

You get to consciously decide what has meaning and what doesn't
That is real freedom that is being educated And understanding how to think

你需要有意識的決定 什麼是有意義的 什麼不是

這是由教育給予的真實的自由 並且去了解該如何思考

The alternative is unconsciousness The default setting the rat race
The constant gnawing sense of having had And lost some infinite thing

另一個選項是無意識的 像實驗老鼠般賽局

持續的啃食者你的意識 失去了一些重要可以無限的事情

I know that this stuff probably doesn't sound fun and breezy
Or grandly inspirational the way a commencement speech

我知道這件事情 可能聽起來不活潑也不有趣
或者是一個鼓舞人心的畢業典禮演講

You are of course free to think of it whatever
you wish But please don't just dismiss it as just some
Finger wagging Doctor Laura sermon None of this stuff is really about morality
or religion or dogma Or big fancy questions of life after death


無論如何 你當然是可以自由思考的

但拜託請不要認為這只是一些花俏 無用的道德或宗教大道理

或者某些死後才需要知道的問題

The capital T Truth is about life before death It is about the real value of a real education

真理是生活在死亡之前 是教育的真正價值

Which has almost nothing to do with knowledge And everything to do with simple awareness

Awareness of what is so real and essential So hidden in plain sight all around us all the time that we have to keep reminding ourselves overand over

這和我們的知識並無相關 這只是很簡單在我們的意識之中

意識什麼是真的並且重要的

並且不斷一遍一變得提醒自己

This is water

這是水

----------------------------------
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腳本：
上個月我拍一集說 Last month I film this video 我錯了！ I was wrong! 恐慌不好,沒有錯 Panic is not good, true 但是 but 防疫不夠更糟糕！ Not enough prevention is worst! 糟糕到引發 Worst till the point to lead us to 西班牙末日！ The end of Spain! 世界末日 The end of the world 你準備好嗎 Are you ready? 還好，我已經有口罩 Okay, I already have masks 感謝我的朋友 Thanks to my friends 因為你們本來把口罩搶走 Because you took all masks away 搶光光 All of them  COW杯 cow-bei 看來 It seems 疫情很嚴重 The epidemic is serious 靠腰，陰屍路到了 It's "the walking dead " 在這部影片 In this video  我沒有辦法說這句話 I can not say this 因為YouTube 不會讓我賺錢喔 Because YouTube won't make me money 謝謝YouTube  Thanks to YouTube  COW杯 Cowbei 這次我要拍 This video  像一些人的 Like some guy's 比較短的影片 It's short 重點是 The point is 西班牙 Spain 我以前的國家 My previous country 輸給臺灣 Lose to taiwan 西班牙輸了 Spain lost 臺灣 Taiwan 幹得好 Well done  對，沒錯 Yes yes 親愛的朋友 My dear friends  西班牙很糟糕 Spain is bad 臺灣做得非常好 Taiwan is doing very well 我口乾有一點渴 My mouth is a little thirsty 爽 Cool 這個故事告訴我們什麼？ What did this story say? 在這樣 In  世界末日 The end of the world  的情況下 In this situation 恐慌 Panic 有幫助 Works 不要誤會啦 Don't get me wrong 我覺得恐慌是不好的 I think panic is bad 但是在這種情況下 But in this situation  如果你要選 If you need to choose 過度 Over  或是不足 Or insufficient 過度比較好 Over is better 什麼意思？ What dose that mean? 臺灣從一開始 Taiwan from the beginning 好熱 So hot 臺灣人就恐慌了 Taiwanese panic 搶口罩 Grab mask 引發我買不到 So me can't buy any 咳咳 (Coughing) 不是不是 No, no 是我暗示你們很cow杯 I hint you guys are very cow-bei 從一開始 At the first time  臺灣人一直在噴酒精 Taiwanese have been spraying alcohol 但是西班牙人 But the spanish 已經有很多人得病 Already many people got sick 還會去參加很多人的活動 And go to lot of people's events 引發連政治人物 Even politicians 都生病了 Are sick  都得了 They got it 不過西班牙人跟臺灣人 But the Spaniards and Taiwanese 有兩件事做得一模一樣 Two things are done exactly the same 一，政治人物用這個 First, politicians use this 來攻擊彼此 To attack each other 來互罵 Come scolding each other 都是蔡英文的假新聞 It's all fake news from Cai Yingwen 這個是國民黨扯後腿 This is the KMT pulling hind legs 對，西班牙更嚴重 Yes, Spain is worse  真的很cow杯 It's really bad 第二件事 Second 是在這個情況之下 Is in this situation 大家 People  愛 Love 搶衛生紙 Grabbing toilet paper 在臺灣 in Taiwan 民眾狂搶衛生紙 People fight for toilet paper 因為謠言指出 Because rumors point out 衛生紙與醫療口罩原料相同 Toilet paper is the same as medical mask 可能會影響衛生紙產量與價格 May affect tissue production and prices 歐伊系 Yummy 這個算是美食節目嗎？ Is this a food show? 趕快按讚啦 Hurry up and like 百萬YouTuber YouTuber with more than one Million subs 為什麼 why 大家 everyone 愛搶衛生紙？ Love fight for toilet paper? 有人可以幫我解釋嗎？ Can someone explain it for me? 沒有你、沒有你、沒有你 Without you, without you, without you 不能沒有你 Can't live without you 寶貝、寶貝！ Baby Baby! 這樣 is because 比較安全嗎？ Is it safer? 要不要這樣出門？ Should I to go out like this? 也不錯 Not bad 我要告訴你們一個秘密 I want to tell you a secret 今年的新希望 My new goal for this year was 是申請臺灣國籍 Apply for Taiwan nacionality 本來想要回去西班牙辦這件事 I wanted to go back to Spain to do this 現在我不知道什麼時候可以回去 Now i don't know when i can go back 但是有一件事 But one thing 很清楚 is very clear 無論如何 no matter how 我一定 I must 要變成臺灣人 To become Taiwanese 小英，妳聽到嗎？ Little Tsai, do you hear me? 拜託妳 Please 沒問題 no problem 哦給 OK 謝啦 Thanks 因為臺灣表現得很好 Because Taiwan is doing very well 我已經在做這件T恤 I am already making this t-shirt 你們可以告訴大家 You can tell everyone 臺灣安全 Taiwan is safe 你們不是從武漢來的 You are not from Wuhan 為臺灣驕傲 Proud of taiwan 這個就是 This is 靠，我愛台灣 的意思 The meaning of Damn I Love Taiwan 現在懂嗎？ Do you understand now? 不過，要繼續加油 But needs keep fighting 西班牙更加油 Spain need it even more 親愛的家人 Dear family 親愛的朋友 Dear friends 拜託 Please 保持安全 stay safe 不要出門 Don't go out 常常洗手 Wash hands often 吃健康 Eat healthy 多休息 Rest more 常常運動 Exercise often 這個是COW杯 This is Cowbei 我是黑素斯 I´m Jesus 掰 Bye 欸？靠T恤我忘記匯款 Eh? I forgot to do transfer for T-shirt 等我一下 wait for me 掰 bye 我一定 I must 要變成臺灣人 To become Taiwanese 黑素斯沒問題 Jesus, no problem