「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版,由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計,內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等,感恩十方大德助印,希望疫情退散,平安喜樂,後記如下:
野放台灣五十餘年,貪狼獨坐,三方四正殺破狼格局,少年多舛,白手起家,隨展覽雲遊四海,如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返,遂設幻影堂自詡堂主,一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」,常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純,彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘,了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝,雖非仙人,亦無道骨,初聞離垢地生清淨心,但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠,待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》,心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到,意識死神隨伺在側,人生苦短,如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解,蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜,聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃,甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎,禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘,台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜(佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教&大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教&天德教、慈惠堂&勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……)、神棍橫行(依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫),因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜,但地獄造景稀少,後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人,各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味,意境乖張溢於言表,造型扭曲非常人所能塑也,然匠心獨運、自成一格,專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美,絲毫不輸喬托(Giotto di Bondone,1267~1337)乃至米開朗基羅(Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564)矣。
創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱,雖主祀四面佛,儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊,可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像,安太歲自不在話下,甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深,1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍,行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關,只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地,十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台,粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格,尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂,該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯(包青天),陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解,求破懸案者眾,逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸,全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中,四周環繞墓地,適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮(1971)地府則是首座電動地府,規模精小但驚嚇度破表,略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍,出自已故台南大道長金登富之作,而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外,乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面,尊尊栩栩如生,續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道,造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」(阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像)旁設靜態十殿閻羅(1970年代初),雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存,續往上行可抵「證菩提道-釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區,一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時,琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心,世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路,但因緣果報無法逆轉,昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加,還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺,遂以缽盛救度五百族人,最終卻化為血水,佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力,因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐,目犍連遂展神通救渡,但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火,佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日,於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾,因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌,既渡亡魂也自懺悔。
台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗,不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂(1979年興建,1983年開放),燈光絢爛、聲響駭人,獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」,至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形,睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪,觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生(胎、卵、濕、化)回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」,轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」,窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」,直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿,皆為極犯,另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」(查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司)後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事,依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺(紫河車)」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載,人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」,經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫,犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄(阿鼻地獄)」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主,統轄十殿閻羅,逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。
人類居於五趣(阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄)雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界,犯十惡業(殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴)者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」(欲界、色界、無色界)二十八天?凡人無此意識,別說能破「十二因緣」(無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死)還滅門,更別想斷除「四聖諦」(苦、集、滅、道)集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑(五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑),了悟「五蘊」(色、受、想、行、識)本空、「十二入」(眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法)空、「十八界」空,破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執,生十一處「善心所」(信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害),降二十六處「惡心所」(貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知),須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。
地獄可能空滅嗎?若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪,地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土?若能證空性何處現地獄?
地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間,老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心,然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所,惡性所及實無可根除,礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層,乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷,暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄,心多妄念,妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間,會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉,我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄,三魂七魄尚不足以出竅,驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧,豈不謬哉?
病毒肆虐年半有餘,全球確診者逼近一億八千萬,枉死者近四百萬,堪比戰爭規模,望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空,唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。
姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節
Postscript
I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.
In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).
Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.
Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.
Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.
The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.
June 2021,
Yao Jui-chung
同時也有2部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過20萬的網紅Edmond Poon,也在其Youtube影片中提到,【恐怖在線】 如想收看足本內容 按此 http://bit.ly/yta_ep 成為付費會員 逢星期一至五 11:10pm edmondpoon.com 及 Big Big Air手機apps 直播 --------------------------------------------------...
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20201117 黃偉民易經講堂
美國大選的發展,愈來愈扣人心弦,已經去到間諜電影的情節。
當傳統的媒體不受信任,網上的真假消息自然禾雀亂飛。
美國眾議員戈默特Louie Gohmert,在網上發佈一條消息:
他在前情報人員口中得悉,美軍已在德國法蘭克福,扣押了美國大選的投票機生產商Dominion公司的伺服器,內藏極為令人信服的作弊證據云。
接著特朗普昨日(星期一),在推特宣稱,將會提出重大訴訟,挑戰大選結果。
調查選舉舞弊,用的不是FBI,竟然是美軍?
調查犯罪,不是美軍的工作。根據美國憲法,當國家受到威脅,保障人民的安全,對象是外國侵略者,才能動用美國軍隊。
美軍扣押了在德國的伺服器,需要美國國務院和司法部協同,並且得到德國政府的同意和合作。
這消息令特朗普的支持者,除了美國本土那些,還有大部份香港人,都極為振奮,在無助絕望的谷底,看到一條未斷的救生藤。
過去一年,特朗普的對華政策,和香港人站在同一位置。香港抗爭者,視特朗普為“手足”。
傳統的大媒體,沒有報道這條新聞,但網上就熱鬧透了。
大家努力的幫Dominion起底。
這次美國大選,採用投票系統來自三家公司:
A. 選舉系統和軟件ES&S;
B. Inter Civic;
C. Dominion。
現在出問題的是Dominion。
Dominion創立於2002年,最初是一間加拿大公司,但輾轉售賣之後,變成一家美國資本的公司,總部在丹佛。這才符合大選的法律要求。
這間公司和克林頓基金會有很多合作項目,兩年前,2018年6月,Dominion又賣給了Staple Street Capital。
這家公司的主要股東,原來又來自凱雷投資集團。一家全球頂級的私募基金。
這家私募基金,在2011年,搭上了中國大陸頂頂大名的“雲鋒基金”。收購了數字電影公司GDC Technology Ltd.的80%的股份。
雲鋒基金的雲是馬雲,鋒是虞鋒。兩位大陸商界的傳奇人物。從此,凱軍私募基金,在大陸,就開展了許多收購項目。
兩間傳奇的基金,為何合作起來,無從得知。但只知道自此凱雷投資在大陸,和馬雲的阿里巴巴,就往來頻繁了。
如果你信郭文貴,那些手握巨資的白手套,都有特定的任務的。
安邦吳小暉,負責共和黨的目標人物;
平安集團陸金所,負責過去的總統家族;
華信葉簡明,負責拜登。
這些網絡的偵查,豐富了這次大選的故事性,但得不到傳統媒體的認可和報道,只成為今次大選亂局的演義小說。
但很符合香港人的期望和口味。亦解釋了今次行動為什麼用美軍,和投票後特朗普突然開除了國防部長的原因。
香港的絕望群眾,對今次美國總統大選,投入的感情太多。但我們不是生活在美國,也沒有選票,和親臨現場,只靠網絡資訊,影響了我們的觀察和判斷。
《周易》的第十九卦地澤臨卦,和二十卦風地觀卦,是一組卦。兩卦相綜,互為一體。
臨,是親臨現場;
觀,是觀察入微。
站的位置,影響你觀的景象。
蘇東坡說:
橫看成嶺側成峰,
遠近高低各不同;
不識盧山真面目,
只緣身在此山中。
我們看事故,主觀的看我們期望的一面,不願意看的,會視而不見。
但《易經》太極圖,陽魚陰魚,互相追逐。陽魚眼中一點陰,陰魚眼中一點陽,萬事有陰就有陽,有陽就有陰,有利就有弊,有弊就有利。陰極轉陽,陽極轉陰;利極轉弊,弊極轉利。六十四卦,沒有最好的卦,也沒有最壞的卦。
凡夫往往只看到自己期望的一面,對自己有利一面,歌頌自己的理念,忽視了內在結構的問題。
臨卦,強調的是親臨其境,真接面對,直接感受,但往往因為置身其中,身在局中,感情牽引,關心則亂,反而當局者迷,很難反觀自省,不識盧山真面目。
所以,臨卦的綜卦,便是觀卦。拉遠距離,置身事外,才能縱觀全景。
在社會制度上,執政的職官制度之外,更建立旁觀者清的機制。
臨卦是負責官僚的直接面對,主導執行。但置身其中,只著重執行細節,便需要有局外人,旁觀者清的角度。
也就是說,臨需要觀,觀需要臨。親臨過後,才懂得觀;觀得清楚,才能真正的臨。
這就是兩黨政治,輪流執政的意義。
執政黨是臨,在野黨是觀,輪流執政,是觀完再臨,臨完再觀。
三權分立,各自制衡的作用便是這個邏輯發展出來。
臨觀之義,或與或求。因為互相需要。
臨,是政治性的,因為要管理眾人之事;觀,是宗教性的,因為無利益立場,才能終極關懷。
觀字,是一隻鸛鳥,翱翔天際,居高臨下,才看得見全局,視野遼闊,鉅細無遺。
佛教教義,告訴我們,觀,不只用肉眼,還要用心眼;不只外觀,也要內觀。
風地觀卦的互卦,是山地剝卦。即是說,觀卦包含的,是剝卦。要真正的觀,先要將虛妄的表象剝下,才見真相。
三藏法師十萬八千里到靈山,沿途種種魔考,白骨精三次化身,化為情,化為欲,化為愛。就用世間的男女情愛,包裝了白骨。掀開了虛妄表象,便知道美人即是白骨,紅粉便是骷髏。
我們凡夫,日日忙於衣食奔波,天天面對不同煩惱,觀的,很是局限,往往看不到事情真相,就為那些虛妄假象煩惱的不得了。如果修行到羅漢境界,脫離了眾生執著,看到的,景象跟凡夫看到的就不同。
從凡夫到羅漢,因為高度不同,觀到的象,便截然不同。眾生凡俗的痛苦,對羅漢而言,只覺可悲可憫。
羅漢之上還有菩薩,菩薩之上還有佛。也就是說,羅漢無法理解菩薩的看法,而菩薩也很難想像諸佛的妙境。
所以,觀卦不能脫離臨卦的位置,身臨不同的處境,自然有不同的景觀。發錢寒的大陸人,無法理解Elon Musk上火星的夢。
一般凡夫用肉眼看世情,能看到的,都是表象。
修到天眼,可以看到很多肉眼看不到的東西,但境界不高,只是一點小神通。
往上修便是慧眼,即智慧的眼,當天眼缺乏智慧,只會賣弄神通,呃神騙鬼。
慧眼之上還有法眼,這已是菩薩境界。
法眼之上是佛眼,看透過去、現在、未來,三千大千世界,沒有了時空的障礙,悉知意見。
凡夫肉眼、天眼、慧眼、法眼、佛眼,就像觀卦六爻,一層層往上走,次第提升。
我們常說,難逃法眼,無量眾生起一個念頭,佛眼都悉知悉見,所以,有宗教信仰的人,一般都不敢做壞事,舉頭三尺有神明,即永遠都有人盯著你。
整本《易經》,就是由觀開始:
古者包犧氏之王天下也,
仰則觀象於天。
觀象於天,觀察宇宙的運作規律,就是《易經》的學問,都由觀察而來。
我們常說,對事物要深入觀察,觀人,觀心,觀象,觀勢,都一樣。
你的心愈靜,就看得愈全面,愈透徹。
觀卦是一個大艮卦,艮為山為止。知止才有靜,靜而後能定。
你的心愈被主觀期望糾纏,充滿浮躁和衝突,你看到的,就愈扭曲。
《論語》為政篇:
子曰:
視其所以,
觀其所由,
察其所安。
人焉廋哉?人焉廋哉?
看看他做的,是什麼事?
了解他做事的動機?
再仔細看他安於什麼狀況?
這個人,還能藏在那裡呢?
風地觀的互卦,是山地剝卦,即觀是包含著剝的。
剝,是剝落。
要觀真象,便要將層層假象包裝剝下,最後,剝到最後,便是復卦。廿三卦是剝,廿四卦是復,剝極而復,找回了初心,搵返本來面目。果實在樹上熟透腐爛是剝,掉落地下化為泥土,但內藏的果核,在地上長出幼苗,那便是復。
剝的時候很痛苦,明明以為是真的,但原來是包裝而已。
只有將這些障眼外殼排除,我們才能看到核心真象。
人生真相,常被美麗假象掩蓋,所以,剝之又剝,才能復見天地之心。
《心經》第一個字,就是觀。
觀自在菩薩,行深般若波羅蜜多時,照見五蘊皆空。
觀,用最深的,妙法智慧,才能照見五蘊皆空。
五蘊,色受想行識,都是人間的層層包裝,一定要將這些包裝剝掉,才能見到核心真相,找回地雷復卦的天地之心,找回我們的本來面目,找到生命的本質,我們乘願而來的核心動力,即生命力,才能度一切苦厄。
在沒有剝光五蘊之前,世間種種欲望蒙蔽,人生的苦厄,就纏著你,要擺脫它,就靠觀中藏剝的修為了。
https://youtu.be/EzPm_i5XklA
心經簡林鬼 在 Edmond Poon Youtube 的精選貼文
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心經簡林鬼 在 飲食男女 Youtube 的最佳解答
城市裏,樓與樓之間的夾縫,是又窄又長的小巷,暗濕灰濁,人人敬而遠之。遠藏在屯門青棉徑的巷子,是芸芸巷弄之一,本來寂寂無聞,卻有識途之人不斷竄進,擠滿窄巷。
有一凍肉店置身巷中,吃貨之人專程來買靚扒、海產,店名成興隆。三十年前,一對夫妻經營凍肉生意,只做批發,懶理糟塌,落戶後巷。二人披星戴月後巷打拼,性格勤懇正直,跨過種種難關,一直在食肆背後默默耕耘,偏安小小社區。
安穩知足的夫婦,從沒想過兒子回巢後,堅持轉型零售,雄心大展拳腳。父親的保守,兒子的執着,擦出火花連連。父與子,樂與怒,吵過後,究竟還是一條心,彷彿溫情熱透了小巷的凍肉,融化後,絲絲縷縷都是血脈相通的父子情。
小巷記趣
要找成興隆不難,心知在小巷處,繞一圈青棉徑,在菜檔的旁邊,便發現入口,反而猜不到的是,深巷深處,出奇地光鮮潔淨,連地磚的邊緣也無污穢,與一般小街無異。這裏明顯有人粉刷過,當看見成興隆簇新裝修,潔白無瑕的鏡字招牌,大抵猜到店主下了不少功夫。
成興隆是小巷大戶,坐擁四鋪,其中兩鋪作倉,專做批發;有趣的是後兩鋪作零售,其中之一鋪置放了七個逾兩米的雪櫃,一字排開,儼如高檔超市,近二百款肉類海產排列有序,客人隔住落地玻璃看貨,一目了然。甫進店,首先迎來的不是凍肉,而是小鮮肉的燦爛笑臉。他是店主的幼子Ray,三十歲,貌似二十頭,口齒伶俐,說話時總帶着甜美笑容,笑得連眼睛也成彎月,加上熱情對客,店內笑聲四溢,將冷冰的凍肉店,一下子炒熱起來。
「法國春雞無抗生素、無激素,不過唔知係咪真,佢係咁寫嘅。」Ray介紹給客人時,說得圓滑風趣,并十分熟書,產品隨手一執,資料瑯瑯上口,「這隻印度虎蝦,蝦味較濃,越南的較爽身,帶點海水味。」客人見他說得肯定有自信,自然受落。
無他,因為每件產品都經他嘗過才入貨,包括黑毛安格斯特級牛扒、西班牙豬肋骨、原條巴西豬扒、急凍蝦、即食生蠔、芒果千層蛋糕等。他也樂於與客討論煮食心得,一一講解食物特色,「春雞都可以用來煲湯,雞味濃,夠滑夠腍,兩人分量剛好。牛扒解凍後應該是紅色的,偏黑的代表翻雪過,不新鮮。」就算產品上的介紹,怎及得他說得親切仔細?
終日笑臉對人,其實背後有一份不可言喻的壓力。那天他病了,發高燒四肢無力,依然堅持工作,忙得只吃了一份三文治充飢,累得只能蹲在店前地上稍歇,不願回家休息,他還是笑着說:「唔休呀,當年批發生意愈來愈差,係我同阿爸爭取開門市,做咗就唔可以停。」個子小小的他,臉上帶點稚氣,言語間,卻流露着不屈的氣魄。
拼搏記傲
這名倔強少東是店中的靈魂人物,主責對客和宣傳,還有大哥負責管貨,繁忙時父母也坐鎮店中,與數名夥計同心合力應付魚貫的人潮。現時主力凍肉零售,原來兩年前,成興隆只做批發,由Ray的父親林春龍掌店。
林父祖籍潮州,在香港出世,十一兄弟姐妹中排尾二,雖是孻仔,可是年少喪父,一家生活刻苦。蹓躂於屯門,天生天養,林父說:「哪有人管,只係讀過兩年書,十一二歲出來跟人送凍肉。」跟車送貨,看盡行內陋習。昔日批發商普遍私下給廚子回佣,提供次貨或將凍肉發水,增加重量,以便向餐廳老闆收取更高價錢。「好多老闆都知道,所以成日唔出糧畀廚師,話佢哋已經收咗回佣,搞到好嘈好亂。」
至十八、九歲,自覺工字沒出頭,與剛結婚的老婆頂手街市凍肉檔位做零售,租倉兼做批發。前車可鑑,到林春龍話事,一心剔除批發行業的陋習,堅拒向廚子提供回佣,亦與他們保持距離,以免瓜田李下,「我哋好硬頸,過年一封利是都唔會派畀廚師,送貨時都唔同佢地傾偈,費事老闆以為我同廚子打籠通。」心存風骨,無論起初生意如何差勁,也不向現實低頭,「會比人拉㗎,兩個人做搵兩個人食就夠。」
寧願靠品質贏得客人信任,「跟好啲,唔會發水之餘,一磅排骨,盡量切到八成都用到,等餐廳好用啲,然後介紹畀其他人。」客,逐個儲回來,始終守得雲開見月明,「行家新年唔開,我哋初一至三都開,一年三百六十五日都開,慢慢就轉用我哋。」夫妻同心,甘做孺子牛,日做十六小時,從不言累。就算妻子懷孕,直至臨盆前一晚還開工,坐月四周便回鋪。
守着一份堅持十多年,生意上軌,也置了鋪樓,生活安定。以前兩口子只為餬糊口,隨兩名兒子漸長,父母總想給下一代豐裕生活。九七年,本打算買一間大樓單位自住,「有人帶住買,點知買多咗兩間,那時人人買都賺。」林太無奈地笑說。語畢,忽然靜默,空氣凝住了,因為接下來的金融風暴,他們的物業全變負資產,所有心血毀於一旦。林太倒抽一口氣說:「問親戚朋友借錢,最後才不用破產。」結果由大屋搬細屋,細屋搬到貨倉閣樓。一切歸零,重新出發。林春龍說:「能減得到人手嘅盡量減,兩三噸貨一個人落,那時貨車還未有尾板。」
財來財散,焉知非福。林春龍的艱苦辛酸,兩兒子早已看在眼裏。兄弟自小見父母早出晚歸,也經歷家道中落,性格多了一份持重。長子中學畢業後回鋪幫手,減輕父母負擔,十分生性。幼子Ray則在時裝店任職銷售員,腳踏實地工作,然而,有一晚回家,他驚覺父親年老色衰,Ray說:「都唔係好耐無見啫,點解頭髮突然白晒,連鬚都白埋,唔好睇佢而家咁精神,佢以前個樣老好多。」至今記得這一幕,那時才廿歲,決定回巢。
父子記犟
這年輕人甘於放棄外面的花花世界,回巷守業。本着一片孝心,打算聘人手減少父親工作量,可是捱慣的老父不願增加開支,斷言拒絕,Ray的熱情迅即遭澆熄一半,他說:「咁老竇叫乜咪做乜囉,切嘢就切,送貨就送,粗重嘢由我做,都叫幫輕老竇。」四口子家庭式經營,偏安屯門一角,無風無浪過了七八年。
只是時代變遷,隨着餐廳的經營成本上升,租金人工大增,餐廳老闆棄用優質食材,一切只求便宜,成興隆堅持提供靚貨的宗旨,漸漸不為世所接收。「行家派報價單畀餐廳,佢哋豬扒平兩成,有啲老闆覺得最緊要平,靠廚子煮好啲就得。」舊客離多,新客來少。社會進步之時,人們對食物的要求反而倒退,Ray感到無可奈何。
舊日時光難再,改變是唯一出路,Ray心裏仍有團火,誓發展家業。其時小巷入口開了菜檔,他留意到街坊聚集,靈機一觸,何不兼做零售?隨即在貨倉置了雪櫃,將凍肉散賣,在菜檔招街坊入巷選購。「逐個街坊打招呼,入邊有凍肉賣喎…」反正經營成本低,林父也不反對。
置一個二手雪櫃,凍肉價廉物美,送一個燦爛笑容,漸漸聚了一群熟客。不久,Ray食髓知味,心雄買鋪做門市。「我計過條數,條巷咁舊,買鋪都平,用零售賺到嘅錢應該足夠供鋪。」不料林父得知後反應激動,又吵又鬧,林父說:「批發又唔係無生意,做零售好搏。」心底裏,他怕兒子做事三分鐘熱度,往後要做善後工作,八十歲還不能退休。這邊廂林父憂,那邊廂兒子呻,「阿爸遇過挫折,所以唔敢再發展,但批發生意不斷萎縮。」
兩父子也倔強。Ray不斷游說,甚至相中了同巷的的丁方小鋪,有意買下,逼父就範。有一晚,林父帶點醉意,Ray又提起買鋪,父親再次激動起來,動起手腳,Ray尷尬說:「有啲肢體碰撞啦,大家鬧得好緊要,話我係咪畀經紀嗌我買間鋪返嚟做。」當年林父便是被經紀游說買樓,才弄致幾乎破產,見過鬼怕黑。
但說到底,林春龍是嚴父,也是慈父。見兒子如此堅持,思前想後,終於首肯買鋪。但買的并非兒子提議那間小店,而是貴了一倍多的大鋪。即使按盡資產,在所不計。林父說:「既然要做,就做得好睇啲。」
Ray如願以償,理應開心,怎料開始害怕。「本來諗住買間細,置兩個雪櫃,簡單裝修下,點知全家人將所有錢放落間鋪度,連埋全新裝修,花咗幾百萬。」事到如今,只有硬着頭皮上馬,壓力巨大,「裝修開始驚,到開鋪都好驚。」終日提心跳膽,更要返教會告解。」
心裏顫抖,想法卻清晰。深知成興隆做零售,款式一定要多,遂借鏡大超市,搜羅世界各地的佳品;地點隱蔽的短處,則靠臉書宣傳,將食材來源、特色、煮法,用有趣的文字包裝,字字刻畫,看得出用心經營,「我讀到中五咋,每次嘔百幾字出來,要用幾個鐘寫,寫到凌晨,有時仲會抄《飲食男女》既文章。」不敢辜負家族招牌,每日做十多小時,一如父親昔日般拼搏。
父子相,也傳承了林父的宗旨,對客忠誠老實,「巴西貨就巴西貨,唔會攞平貨代替,價錢要定得公道啲,畀出邊超市平至少兩成。」一有空便逛超市,多問不同供應商,連拍拖節目也是找凍肉鋪看,建立穩固的知識,加上有父親背作支援,例如有次買南澳鮑魚,供應商卻錯送西澳鮑,兩者價錢相差甚遠,林父一眼看出,「南澳嘅裙邊深綠啲,草綠啲。」
雪藏技術也由父親傳授,例如雪糕櫃的冰格,產品不能叠太高,因為雪櫃門趟得多,表面溫度下降,一冷一熱,變相翻雪。雪藏蝦最明顯,融雪後蝦頭容易變黑,「別以為只係買個雪櫃就得,要控制流量、溫度要管理得好、定期清雪。」
當初父親孤注一擲令兒子長進,如今Ray獨當一面,生意也站穩了陣腳。門市開業一年多,感觸良多,「其實好多謝父親支持,因為開鋪,我哋傾得多咗偈,而家知佢以前辛苦,每日時間都唔夠用,今次你嚟訪問,我先知父母以前點捱落嚟。」Ray說完,林春龍莞爾一笑,沒有說話。其實盡在不言中,話說相約訪問前,林父催促兒子再三確定是否真的來訪,Ray 說:「唔好睇佢唔出聲,佢心裏很開心。」
成興隆
地址:屯門青棉徑6號好發大廈地下34-37號鋪
電話:24521052
營業時間:9am-8pm
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