Northwest's Salmon Population May Be Running Out of Time
A Washington state report put it bluntly ( ): Because of the devastating ( ) effects of climate change and deteriorating ( ) habitats ( ), several species of salmon in the Pacific Northwest are “on the brink of ( ) extinction ( ).”
Of the 14 species of salmon and steelhead trout in Washington state that have been deemed ( ) endangered ( ) and are protected under the Endangered Species Act, 10 are lagging ( ) recovery goals, and five are considered “in crisis,” according to the 2020 State of Salmon in Watersheds report.
“Time is running out,” said the report, which is produced every other year ( ) by the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “The climate is changing, rivers are warming, habitat is diminishing ( ), and the natural systems that support salmon in the Pacific Northwest need help now more than ever.”
Researchers say recovery efforts — involving state and federal agencies, Native American tribes, local conservation groups and others — have helped slow the decline of some salmon populations. The report found that two species — the Hood Canal summer chum and Snake River fall chinook — were approaching ( ) their recovery goals. It also noted that no new salmon species had been added to the endangered list since 2007.
“We are at least treading water,” said Kaleen Cottingham, director of the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “We have not, however, seen the kind of progress ( ) that we had hoped for.”
With the effects of climate change expected to accelerate ( ), researchers said that more must be done to prevent further population decline and the possible extinction of some species.
Salmon play a vital ( ) role in the environment, economy and culture of the Pacific Northwest. At least 138 species depend on salmon for their food in some way. Salmon support an estimated ( ) 16,000 jobs in the fishing industry, and they are a draw ( ) for tourists.
Before the 20th century, an estimated 10 million to 16 million adult salmon and steelhead trout returned annually to the Columbia River system. The current return of wild fish is 2% of that.
One of the largest factors inhibiting salmon recovery is habitat loss. A growing human population has led to development along the shoreline and the addition of bulkheads, or sea walls, that encroach ( ) on beaches where salmon generally find insects and other food. More pavement ( ) and hard surfaces have contributed to an increase in toxic stormwater runoff ( ) that pollutes Puget Sound.
美國西北部鮭魚 陷瀕臨絕種危機
華盛頓州一篇報告直截了當指出,由於氣候變遷跟棲地劣化的毀滅性影響, 美國西北部有數種鮭魚「瀕臨滅絕」。
根據《2020年水域內鮭魚狀況報告》,華盛頓州有14種鮭魚和虹鱒被認定為瀕危物種,並受到《瀕危物種法》保護,其中10種復育進度未能達標,有5種更被認定「處於危機之中」。
這份由華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室兩年發表一次的報告說:「時間不多了。氣候正在改變,河流水溫正在升高,棲地正在減少,供養美國西北部鮭魚生存的自然系統,如今比以往任何時候都更需要幫助。」
研究人員說,由州與聯邦機構、美國原住民部落、地方保育組織和其他機構共同參與的復育行動,緩和了一些鮭魚數量的減少。報告中發現胡德運河夏天的鉤吻鮭與蛇河秋天的帝王鮭兩種鮭魚,復育正接近目標。報告還指出,自2007年以來沒有新的鮭魚種列入瀕危名單。
華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室主任Kaleen Cottingham說:「我們至少勉強穩住了情況,但我們沒有看到我們所期望的進展。」
研究人員表示,氣候變遷的影響料將加速,必須更加努力以防止鮭魚數量進一步減少和一些魚種的滅絕。
鮭魚在美國西北部環境、經濟與文化中扮演至關重要角色。在某種程度上,至少有138個物種以鮭魚為食。鮭魚為漁業提供約1萬6千個工作,並吸引大量遊客。
20世紀以前,估計每年有1000萬到1600萬成年鮭魚和虹鱒回到哥倫比亞河水系。目前返回的野生鮭魚數量只有這個數字的2%。
阻礙鮭魚復育的最大原因之一為棲地喪失,不斷成長的人口導致海岸沿線的開發,加上隔板或海堤的增加,這些侵占了鮭魚平常尋找昆蟲及其他食物的海灘。更多的鋪裝路面和堅硬的地面導致有毒雨水流量的增加,進而汙染了普吉特海灣。
#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過11萬的網紅GreatKidsLearning,也在其Youtube影片中提到,看圖學中英文 67 昆蟲 (Learning Chinese and English Vocabularies about insects) You can learn English and Chinese vocabularies easily days by days. 每日學習英文單字!!...
「insects英文」的推薦目錄:
insects英文 在 Facebook 的精選貼文
#KidsRead0709開團 #眼睛脫窗產開箱文之美到你哇聲連連的科普膠片書
「嘰嘰咕咕咚,嘰嘰咕咕咚,魔鏡魔鏡快出動!小青轉個圈,阿林眨個眼,科學的小種子飛上天!」我沒有誇張,自從有這套英文探索小百科系列後,吵偉每天都在嘰嘰咕咕咚。下課回家第一時間先「咚 」 ,吃完飯再 「 咚 」 ,如果當天的共學活動是跟科普有關在讀英文探索小百科時還會再 「 咚 」 ,吃宵夜時不忘最後一 「 咚 」 ⋯咚到我有點想舉白旗投降!#受災戶媽媽來舉手🙋
當KidsRead窗口跟我說他們即將推出《My First Discoveries英文探索小百科第三輯》時,我不禁抖了一下,但拿到書一看封面是植物與昆蟲,忍不住嘴角上揚想説這次終於可以擺脫嘰嘰咕咕咚了,估計我們家這隻猴子應該對花花草草不會有興趣,沒想到……
吵偉喜歡得不得了!不管是花、樹還是昆蟲,每本都看得津津有味,就算每晚看書時間有生父在一旁把電視聲開到最大,也不影響他聽嘰嘰咕咕咚,而且還很聰明地學會自己打開藍芽喇叭插上點讀筆擴音,試圖蓋過生父的電視聲(好樣的)!
第三輯的主題有Flowers 花、Fruit 水果、Trees 樹木、Vegetables 蔬菜、The Butterfly 蝴蝶、Insects 昆蟲,這套媽媽我私心非常喜歡,在認識花草樹木、蔬菜水果和常見昆蟲之餘,還能欣賞美麗動人的風景,讀科普賞藝術,心情很愉快呀!讓阿秤帶你看看這六個主題的部分節錄圖文,一起走進賞心悅目的逼真場景中吧👉 https://reurl.cc/nomr11
💁♀️KidsRead這系列英文探索小百科(第一到第三輯)可以用到吵偉進國小不是問題,有了這三套「家傳之寶」,文科媽媽我感到非常安心,不怕日後被他問倒!⚠️本次團購僅能購買到第三輯,第一和第二輯因年初青林出版社倉庫火災(還好人沒事)趕不及再印製,這輯建議先囤起來!
‼️KidsRead點讀筆和教材下禮拜五(7/9)開團,台灣&星馬同步,大家睽違許久的團購真的要把握機會啦!這次的KidsRead新品如JY Sight Word Readers常見字讀本、Fly Guy and Buzz英文橋樑書讀本、JY親子互動英文繪本、與狗店長樂讀詩之交通工具等接下來會陸陸續續跟大家分享,這陣子要多關注阿秤的發文囉!
#LIVE同步一起玩
📢明天(7/3)早上10:30的共學直播來玩蘋果拓印吧!想一起同步的親子組,請準備材料:一顆蘋果🍎、水彩顏料🎨、筆刷🪥、圖畫紙🗒、媽媽👩🏻+小孩👦🏻👧,我和吵偉等你們赴約囉!
insects英文 在 EZ Talk Facebook 的最佳解答
#EZTALK #你不知道的美國大小事 #打開看全文學更多
本週美國大小事來聊聊美國夏季難得一見的景象👉蟬!
夏日常見的蟬聲,為什麼在今年的美國變得如此特別?
跟Libby一起 #科普
學更多跟 #自然科學 相關的單字 👀
#學測 #高中英文
🌳 Brood X 第10蟬群
In backyards and forests all across the eastern United States, Brood X is beginning to emerge. With their red eyes and shiny black bodies, the legions of Brood X may seem like some kind of alien invader. But these strange creatures aren’t aliens, and they aren’t invaders either—they’ve been here all along. What are they? Cicadas!
在美國東部的家庭後院和森林,第10蟬群開始現身。有著紅眼睛跟漆黑發亮的身體,第10蟬群軍團就像是某種外星入侵者。不過這些奇怪的生物不是外星來的,也不是入侵者,它們一直都在這裡。它們到底是什麼?牠們是蟬!
There are over 3,000 species of cicadas around the world, but what makes Magicicada—seven closely related species of North American cicada—unique is their 13 to 17 year life cycle, the longest of any cicada. Most other cicada species have life cycles that last just three to five years. Of the 12 broods of 17-year cicadas that can be found in the U.S., Brood X is the largest—both in terms of geographic distribution and population size.
地球上一共有三千多種的蟬,不過這種名為 Magicicada 的物種(是北美蟬中密切相關的七個物種),其獨特之處在於,牠們的生命週期長達13到17年,是所有種類的蟬中生命最長的。其他大多數的蟬物種,其生命週期只能持續3到5年。在美國境內的12個17年蟬群中,就屬第10蟬群規模最大、分布最廣。
Brood X territory covers 15 states, from Illinois in the Midwest to Georgia in the South and New York in the Northeast—with major concentrations in Maryland, Indiana, Delaware, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. But their numbers are even more impressive. An acre of soil—they spend most of their lives underground—can contain over a million cicadas, and a single generation of Brood X may consist of billions and even trillions of the insects!
第10蟬群的分布範圍含括15個州,從美國中西部的伊利諾州,到南部的喬治亞州與東北部的紐約州,主要集中於馬里蘭州、印第安納州、德拉瓦州、新澤西州與賓州。不過牠們的數量更是驚人,牠們多數時間生活在地下,一英畝的土壤可以容納約一百萬隻蟬,而第10蟬群的一代約有數十億甚至數兆隻!
The current generation of Brood X got its start in 2004, back when Facebook was only available to Harvard students. At that time, newly hatched cicada nymphs fell from trees and burrowed underground, where they feed on the sap of tree and grass roots and slowly mature over the next 17 years. Now they’re slowly beginning to emerge from the soil, climb back up into the trees and molt into their adult form. Then they’ll have just a few weeks to sing their high-pitched songs, mate, and lay their eggs before their short adult lives end.
第10蟬群最新的一代始於2004年,當時臉書才剛起步。那年剛孵出的蟬幼蟲從樹上掉下去,鑽到地下,在地底下牠們以樹汁草汁為食,並在接下來的17年裡慢慢成熟。現在正是牠們慢慢地從土壤中冒出、爬回樹上並蛻變為成年型態的時候。接著,牠們只有幾週的時間可以鳴唱高音調的歌曲、進行交配、產卵,然後牠們短暫的成年生活就此結束。
Early European settlers in America called these insects “locusts,” because they reminded them of the swarms of locusts God used to punish the wicked in the Bible. But unlike locusts, which can damage crops and cause famines, cicadas are largely harmless. After emerging, they don’t eat plants like other insects. In fact, they don’t eat anything at all. Some people may find large swarms of cicadas scary, but they’re quite a sight to see! And if you can’t make it to the U.S. this year, don’t worry—Brood X will be back for another visit in 2038.
早期到美國的歐洲移民者稱這些昆蟲為「蝗蟲」,因這群昆蟲讓他們聯想到聖經裡頭上帝用來懲罰作惡之人的蝗蟲群。不過,牠們跟蝗蟲不同,蝗蟲會破壞農作物並導致饑荒,但蟬幾乎可以說是無害的。牠們冒出土壤後,不會像其他昆蟲以植物為食。事實上,牠們根本不吃東西。有人覺得一大群蟬很嚇人,但是這其實是一大奇觀!如果你今年沒辦法到美國去看,請放心,第10蟬群將會在2038年再次到訪。
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🔔 按下「搶先看」,每週五【美國大小事】,由 Judd 編審分享最即時美國新鮮事!
insects英文 在 GreatKidsLearning Youtube 的最佳貼文
看圖學中英文 67 昆蟲 (Learning Chinese and English Vocabularies about insects)
You can learn English and Chinese vocabularies easily days by days.
每日學習英文單字!! It's amazing!
若是無法將單字一次背起來, 請反覆練習, 並將單字寫下來, 最後一定會進步。Practice makes perfect.
其它相關學習影片的播放清單:
英文單字倍增法: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbZ3VKhzf4ly1lM4i-Z_eBFv
學習中英文: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbabhNuVvZWgtajYoF9VawC4
唐詩三百首: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbbyg5uLxZotvXfZrK5_t8Br
英文基礎閱讀與聽力: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbbn5adEk87hlxbpMZfQDD5G
英文日常口語(English Daily Conversation): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbbwKGyw-K8f5jh-mIwARCgJ
情人節英文日常口語: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbZp9Al8kBa3iNVONRID_WV9
中文學習: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbbNs2hymyK17oTLLlP0y90w
英文常用片語: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbbib1KSDPAQlsDuG0BkS0I-
中文成語學習: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbaZVeHYfsWTNXgNKymILLIu
ㄅㄆㄇ練習-Chinese Phonics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbY-Svl4p641U-5DCpwlWsXW
ㄅㄆㄇ拼音範例: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbYQ4Dk0xqZ4prAr39bvrs3X
唐代李白的詩: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbaLq6Ilu4ODNAi-926thnIu
英文基礎文法: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbbSMWYX3_CNjd4ZE_lqQppN
英文發音練習 (Phonics): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbZMJTrz59dBXXW0qPDGVdLo
ABC 發音練習-ABC Phonics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbYzUqY70d4A9HYNwMqHMdwR
KK發音清晰版-KK Phonics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbbB-Qh7E3Z3tXQimg3Oh75i
3年級數學-Grade 3 Math: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbaz_lrxc10dOQPpT-xdZrJ3
4年級數學-Grade 4 Math: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbZ26Xw9C0rrYX3pVOjYr2-_
2年級數學-Grade 2 Math: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbYmYY2JWHx492eLB-en9JTG
8年級數學-Grade 8 Math: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbYjniNhLJOkJqAAhNmoPNY_
7年級數學-Grade 7 Math: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbYG-7kDr-fCnDVCNWg6Qf9U
5年級數學-Grade 5 Math: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbY0cQ_J95u69cmOskxqNsGr
6年級數學-Grade 6 Math: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbaqO07HAxytuNhEr62twSu9
1年級數學 (Grade 1 Math): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbY051AXIsmmhDXzvJ1eMr--
中文修辭學 (Chinese Rhetoric) https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbYECJKZF6evTbdeV2NsSf1T
英文諺語 (English Proverbs) https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbYOstxkcoh-nI6wjqw_l2fD
看圖學中英文 (Learning Chinese and English Vocabularies) https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_xcIE0AQTbZFXePNcYcQPirp29IcgugM
![post-title](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/KG2Fjvyj7bo/hqdefault.jpg)
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